本文選題：熱解炭黑 + 力學性能��； 參考：《青島科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當今隨著社會工業(yè)與經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,汽車行業(yè)不斷發(fā)展壯大,應(yīng)運而生的輪胎企業(yè)也日漸增多,被稱為“黑色污染”的廢舊輪胎對環(huán)境造成嚴重的污染,同時不正當?shù)奶幚硪彩菍Y源的嚴重浪費,由此,汽車輪胎的報廢促使了橡膠再生加工工業(yè)的多元化發(fā)展。其中,廢輪胎熱解技術(shù)成為當下最有效的廢輪胎處理技術(shù)之一,熱解炭黑是廢輪胎熱解產(chǎn)物之一,它來源于輪胎加工過程中添加的各種炭黑,熱解時隨著橡膠大分子的分解而積聚沉淀收集起來,但熱解炭黑的性質(zhì)與添加的工業(yè)炭黑性質(zhì)不同,再次應(yīng)用的對橡膠的補強能力也不同。因此本文主要對熱解炭黑進行了性質(zhì)的表征、在各種橡膠配方中的應(yīng)用研究,以及對其進行一系列改性的研究,為熱解炭黑的二次應(yīng)用提供一定的理論指導(dǎo)。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,研究分析了熱解炭黑的基本物理化學性質(zhì),包括吸碘值、DBP吸油值、PH、灰分等,同時研究了熱解炭黑表面元素組成及灰分組分。結(jié)果表明,熱解炭黑粒徑分布復(fù)雜,屬于低結(jié)構(gòu)度炭黑,總體來看高于半補強炭黑N774;明顯的缺點是灰分值高達14.4%,遠遠高于普通商用炭黑,灰分主要來源于原輪胎中所添加的各種配合劑、填料,灰分主要包括Zn、Na、Al等金屬以及S元素。CBp表面C元素主要以C-C、C-OH、C-OEt、C=O、COOEt以及胞質(zhì)團碳的形式存在。其次,研究了熱解炭黑在橡膠中的應(yīng)用,將熱解炭黑分別應(yīng)用在天然膠、丁苯膠、三元乙丙橡膠中,并與其他填料進行對比。結(jié)果表明:熱解炭黑直接補強橡膠的效果與普通工業(yè)炭黑差距大,CBp填充NR和SBR后,硫化膠的拉伸強度和撕裂強度很高,甚至超過了N330的拉伸強度和撕裂強度,但是硫化膠的100%和300%定伸應(yīng)力特別低,影響了CBp的工業(yè)應(yīng)用。CBp填充發(fā)泡EPDM硫化膠的拉伸強度和定伸應(yīng)力優(yōu)于高嶺土的填充,泡孔大小均勻,結(jié)構(gòu)完整,吸能能力與高嶺土填充的硫化膠相近。CBp與SiC并用能很好提升橡膠導(dǎo)熱性能。熱解炭黑的改性部分,本著成本低、易操作、可工業(yè)化的原則,采用偶聯(lián)劑偶聯(lián)劑干法改性、石油醚改性、研磨改性和原位生成改性。研究表明,Si-69改性、石油醚改性,和研磨改性可以有效的提高熱解炭黑對橡膠的補強性能。原位生成ZDMA當ZDMA/CBp/DCP為8/40/1.8phr時丁苯橡膠達到最佳機械力學強度。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the development of social industry and economy, the automobile industry is growing and the number of tire enterprises is increasing. The waste tires, which are called "black pollution", cause serious pollution to the environment. At the same time, improper treatment is also a serious waste of resources. As a result, the scrap of automobile tires promotes the diversified development of rubber recycling processing industry. Among them, waste tire pyrolysis technology has become one of the most effective waste tire treatment technology, pyrolytic carbon black is one of the products of waste tire pyrolysis, it comes from a variety of carbon black added in the process of tire processing. The pyrolysis process accumulates and precipitates with the decomposition of rubber macromolecules, but the properties of pyrolytic carbon black are different from the properties of added industrial carbon black, and the reinforcing ability of the reapplied carbon black to rubber is also different. In this paper, the properties of pyrolytic carbon black were characterized, the application in various rubber formulations and a series of modification studies were studied, which provided some theoretical guidance for the secondary application of pyrolytic carbon black. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the basic physical and chemical properties of pyrolytic carbon black are studied and analyzed, including iodine absorption value, DBP oil absorption value, ash content, and so on. At the same time, the surface element composition and ash composition of pyrolytic carbon black are studied. The results show that the particle size distribution of pyrolytic carbon black is complex and belongs to low structure carbon black, which is generally higher than that of semi-reinforced carbon black N774.The obvious disadvantage is that the ash score is as high as 14.4, which is much higher than that of common commercial carbon black. The ash mainly comes from various kinds of compounding agents added in the original tire. The ash mainly includes metal such as ZnN, Naal and S element. The C element on the surface of CBp mainly exists in the form of C-C _ (C) -OH _ (C) C _ (OH) C _ (?) O _ (10) COOET and cytoplasmic carbon (C). Secondly, the application of pyrolytic carbon black in rubber was studied. The pyrolytic carbon black was used in natural rubber, butadiene rubber and ethylene-propylene diene rubber respectively, and compared with other fillers. The results showed that the tensile strength and tear strength of NR and SBR vulcanizate were higher than that of N330, even higher than that of N330. However, the 100% and 300% tensile stress of vulcanizate is very low, which affects the tensile strength and tensile stress of foamed EPDM vulcanizate filled with .CBp, which is more uniform in size and complete in structure than that of kaolin. The energy absorption ability is similar to that of the vulcanizate filled with kaolin. The combination of CBP and SiC can improve the thermal conductivity of rubber. The modified part of pyrolytic carbon black, based on the principle of low cost, easy operation and industrialization, was modified by coupling agent dry method, petroleum ether, grinding and in situ formation. The results show that Si-69 modification, petroleum ether modification and grinding modification can effectively improve the reinforcing properties of pyrolytic carbon black to rubber. The optimum mechanical strength of SBR was obtained by in situ formation of ZDMA when ZDMA/CBp/DCP was 8/40/1.8phr.
【學位授予單位】：青島科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X705

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