本文選題：好氧顆粒污泥 + 噻蟲嗪��； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：好氧顆粒污泥技術(shù)作為一種新穎的污水生物處理技術(shù),在污水處理方面有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。好氧顆粒污泥因其特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),使得其在處理有毒物質(zhì)方面有獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)。噻蟲嗪(TMX)與混合苯二酚分別作為低毒性殺蟲劑和高毒性含酚物質(zhì)的代表,因而研究TMX和混合苯二酚對(duì)好氧顆粒污泥的毒性作用能夠?yàn)楹醚躅w粒污泥處理有毒廢水提供一定的參考價(jià)值。本文的主要內(nèi)容和研究成果如下:(1)以蔗糖為基質(zhì)的好氧顆粒污泥的培養(yǎng)。在序批式活性污泥反應(yīng)器(SBR)中,以蔗糖為基質(zhì),經(jīng)過105天能夠培養(yǎng)出淡黃色的成熟的好氧顆粒污泥,沉降性能良好,污泥體積指數(shù)(SVI)維持在40 mL/g,其表面存在大量的桿菌和少量的球菌。SBR反應(yīng)器對(duì)化學(xué)需氧量(COD)去除率能達(dá)到90%以上,而對(duì)NH_4~+-N和PO_4~(3-)-P的去除率只有67%和55%。顆粒污泥中死細(xì)菌在內(nèi)部和外部均勻分布,而活細(xì)菌主要分布在外層區(qū)域,β-多糖主要分布在顆粒外層,而α-多糖和蛋白質(zhì)不僅分布在顆粒外層,而且在內(nèi)部一定區(qū)域內(nèi)也同樣分布存在。(2)TMX和混合苯二酚對(duì)好氧顆粒污泥和絮體污泥的毒性影響。在TMX和混合苯二酚的毒性作用下,其對(duì)好氧顆粒污泥和絮體污泥的NH_4~+-N和PO_4~(3-)-P的去除以及胞外聚合物(EPS)的形成和比耗氧速率(SOUR)均產(chǎn)生了毒性抑制作用。同時(shí),TMX對(duì)COD的去除有明顯的抑制作用。和絮體污泥相比,混合苯二酚對(duì)顆粒污泥的毒性抑制作用較弱,實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明,TMX的毒性明顯弱于混合苯二酚。(3)SBR反應(yīng)器中混合苯二酚對(duì)好氧顆粒污泥的毒性影響。在混合苯二酚的瞬時(shí)沖擊作用下,好氧顆粒污泥逐漸解體,其對(duì)COD、NH_4~+-N、PO_4~(3-)-P的去除以及對(duì)SOUR、活細(xì)菌的活性和EPS的形成產(chǎn)生了毒性抑制作用,蛋白質(zhì)和α-多糖在內(nèi)部縱向分布變少。此時(shí),COD的去除率僅維持在60%左右,而NH_4~+-N和PO_4~(3-)-P的去除率分別僅維持在10%和20%左右。經(jīng)過混合苯二酚的馴化作用,顆粒表面的菌群發(fā)生了顯著的變化,經(jīng)過26天馴化,顆粒表面以球菌為主。馴化后的顆粒污泥對(duì)COD、NH_4~+-N、PO_4~(3-)-P的去除率和SOUR逐漸恢復(fù),COD的去除率能達(dá)到90%左右,但NH_4~+-N和PO_4~(3-)-P的去除效果卻無法恢復(fù)到原來的狀態(tài),維持在40%左右,總細(xì)胞逐漸向外擴(kuò)增,而β-多糖向內(nèi)擴(kuò)增。
[Abstract]:Aerobic granular sludge technology, as a novel biological sewage treatment technology, has a broad application prospect in sewage treatment. Aerobic granular sludge has a unique advantage in dealing with toxic substances because of its special structural characteristics. Thiamethazine (TMX) and mixed diphenols were used as low toxicity insecticides and highly toxic phenolic substances, respectively. Therefore, the study on the toxicity of TMX and mixed dihydroxybenzene to aerobic granular sludge can provide some reference value for aerobic granular sludge treatment of toxic wastewater. The main contents and research results are as follows: 1) cultivation of aerobic granular sludge based on sucrose. In the sequencing batch activated sludge reactor (SBR), using sucrose as the substrate, the matured aerobic granular sludge with yellowish color could be cultured for 105 days, and the settling performance was good. The sludge volume index (SVI) was maintained at 40 mL / g, and the removal rate of COD by a large number of bacilli and a small amount of cocci in SBR reactor could reach more than 90%, but the removal rates of NH4- N and PO_4~(3-)-P were only 67% and 55%. The dead bacteria in granular sludge distributed evenly inside and outside, while living bacteria mainly distributed in the outer layer, 尾 -polysaccharide mainly distributed in the outer layer of granule, and 偽 -polysaccharide and protein were not only distributed in the outer layer of granule, but also in the outer layer of granular sludge. The toxic effects of TMX and mixed dihydroxybenzene on aerobic granular sludge and flocculating sludge were also observed in a certain area. Under the toxicity of TMX and mixed diphenols, the toxic effects of TMX on the removal of NH4- N and PO_4~(3-)-P from aerobic granular sludge and flocs, the formation of extracellular polymer EPSs and the specific oxygen consumption rate were also observed. At the same time, TMX has obvious inhibitory effect on the removal of COD. Compared with flocs sludge, the toxic inhibition of mixed dihydroxybenzene on granular sludge was weaker. The experimental study showed that the toxicity of TMX was obviously weaker than that of mixed dihydroxybenzene. 3. The toxicity of mixed dihydroxybenzene on aerobic granular sludge was obviously weaker than that of mixed dihydroxybenzene. Under the instantaneous impact of mixed dihydroxybenzene, aerobic granular sludge gradually disintegrated, and its removal of CODS-NH4 ~ -NPO-PO4- (3-P) produced toxic inhibitory effects on source, activity of living bacteria and formation of EPS, and the longitudinal distribution of protein and 偽 -polysaccharide decreased. The removal rate of COD is only about 60%, while the removal rate of NH4- N and PO_4~(3-)-P is only about 10% and 20%, respectively. After acclimation of mixed dihydroxybenzene, the microflora on the surface of particles changed significantly. After 26 days of acclimation, the surface of particles was dominated by cocci. After acclimation, the removal rate of COD4- ~ -N- PO4- P and the removal rate of SOUR gradually recovered to 90%, but the removal efficiency of NH4- N and PO_4~(3-)-P could not return to its original state. The total cells gradually expanded outwards when the removal rate of NH4- N and PO_4~(3-)-P was about 40%. 尾-polysaccharides were amplified inward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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