本文選題：液滴蒸發(fā) + 平板液滴蒸發(fā)��； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：人們的日常生活和工藝操作的各個流程中均會產(chǎn)生大量的液態(tài)顆粒物,當這部分液態(tài)顆粒物的粒徑范圍在0.001~100μm之間時,就可以懸浮在空氣中,與空氣組成的多相體系我們稱為大氣氣溶膠。懸浮于空氣中的液態(tài)顆粒物可能包含有各類離子和微生物,對環(huán)境造成程度不一的污染,當液態(tài)顆粒物中夾帶的微生物為致病菌時還會成為威脅人類健康的重要隱患。懸浮于空氣中的液態(tài)顆粒的蒸發(fā)現(xiàn)象使得其受力處于一個動態(tài)變化的過程,因此研究液態(tài)顆粒物的蒸發(fā)過程對合理有效地預(yù)測及控制其分布具有重要意義。目前對于單個液態(tài)顆粒物蒸發(fā)過程的研究多集中在數(shù)值模擬方法的探討,理論公式的推導(dǎo)等方面,對毫米級的大液滴和微米級的小液滴分別提出了不同的蒸發(fā)模型;液態(tài)顆粒物蒸發(fā)過程的實驗研究較少,目前的主要實驗方法包括液滴懸掛法、多孔球法、飛滴實驗法及氣懸(磁懸)法,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)液滴中包含有其余組分時蒸發(fā)過程可分為兩個階段,液滴在平板上蒸發(fā)時蒸發(fā)狀況視其接觸線是否釘扎而定�；诖�,本文對常溫常壓建筑室內(nèi)環(huán)境下液態(tài)顆粒物的蒸發(fā)過程設(shè)計了簡單的實驗系統(tǒng),采用平板液滴蒸發(fā)的方式,通過稱量液滴蒸發(fā)過程中的質(zhì)量變化說明了微生物懸浮液液滴的蒸發(fā)特性。實驗及結(jié)論主要包括三部分內(nèi)容:(1)不同體積純水液滴的蒸發(fā)實驗,本文首先分別分析研究了1μL、2μL和5μL的液滴在超疏水涂層玻片上進行蒸發(fā)時的質(zhì)量變化和形態(tài)變化,分析了液滴在平板上蒸發(fā)時的兩階段現(xiàn)象,提出了在常溫常壓的建筑室內(nèi)環(huán)境下液滴粒徑對蒸發(fā)的影響;(2)結(jié)合第一部分研究內(nèi)容選定了后續(xù)實驗采用的液滴體積,對NaCl溶液液滴進行了蒸發(fā)實驗研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)溶液中離子的存在將使得液滴蒸發(fā)速度顯著降低,蒸發(fā)階段結(jié)束后玻片上的殘留物直觀反映了液滴在超疏水玻片上蒸發(fā)時將產(chǎn)生的“咖啡環(huán)效應(yīng)”;(3)對添加有不同微生物的溶液液滴進行了蒸發(fā)實驗研究,結(jié)果顯示液滴中含有微生物時蒸發(fā)可分為蒸發(fā)階段和平衡階段,不同種類的微生物溶液液滴蒸發(fā)過程的蒸發(fā)階段時刻不同,平衡階段質(zhì)量波動范圍不同。本文研究結(jié)果顯示微生物的存在對液滴的蒸發(fā)將產(chǎn)生較強影響,對預(yù)測室內(nèi)微生物氣溶膠的蒸發(fā)運動過程具有重要意義,為設(shè)計布置合理的空氣凈化系統(tǒng)提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:People's daily lives and processes produce a lot of liquid particulate matter, which can be suspended in the air when the particle size of the liquid particle is in the range of 0.001 ~ 100 渭 m. A heterogeneous system consisting of air is called an atmospheric aerosol. Liquid particles suspended in the air may contain various kinds of ions and microbes, which cause varying degrees of pollution to the environment. When the microorganism contained in the liquid particles is a pathogenic bacteria, it will also become an important hidden danger to human health. The evaporation of liquid particles suspended in air makes its force change dynamically. Therefore, it is important to study the evaporation process of liquid particles in order to predict and control their distribution reasonably and effectively. At present, the research on the evaporation process of single liquid particle is mainly focused on the discussion of numerical simulation method and the derivation of theoretical formula. Different evaporation models are put forward for large liquid droplets of millimeter size and small droplets of micron size respectively. There are few experimental studies on the evaporation process of liquid particles. At present, the main experimental methods include droplet suspension method, porous sphere method, flying drop test method and gas suspension (magnetic suspension) method. It is found that the evaporation process can be divided into two stages, and the evaporation condition depends on whether the contact line is pinned or not. Based on this, this paper designed a simple experimental system for the evaporation process of liquid particulate matter in the indoor environment of normal temperature and atmospheric pressure building, adopting the method of flat droplet evaporation. The evaporation characteristics of microbial suspensions were explained by the mass change in the evaporation process of weighing droplets. The experiment and conclusion mainly include three parts: the evaporation experiment of pure water droplets with different volumes. In this paper, the mass and morphology changes of droplets of 1 渭 L ~ (2 渭 L) and 5 渭 L on superhydrophobic coating glass are studied respectively. The two-stage phenomenon of droplet evaporation on the flat plate is analyzed, and the effect of droplet size on evaporation in the indoor environment at room temperature and atmospheric pressure is put forward.) in combination with the first part of the study, the volume of the liquid droplet used in the subsequent experiments is selected. The evaporation experiments of droplets in NaCl solution were carried out. It was found that the evaporation rate of droplets would be significantly reduced by the presence of ions in the solution. The "coffee ring effect" produced when the droplet evaporates on the superhydrophobic glass is directly reflected by the residue on the glass after the evaporation stage. The experimental study on evaporation of liquid droplets with different microbes was carried out. The results show that the evaporation of droplets containing microbes can be divided into evaporation stage and equilibrium stage. The evaporation time of droplet evaporation in different kinds of microbial solutions is different, and the range of mass fluctuation in equilibrium phase is different. The results show that the existence of microbes will have a strong influence on the evaporation of droplets, which is of great significance for predicting the evaporation process of indoor microbial aerosols, and provides a theoretical basis for the design and arrangement of a reasonable air purification system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X513

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