發(fā)布時間：2018-05-20 09:26

  本文選題：中俄蒙 + 濕地�。� 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：CMR濕地即中俄蒙(CMR)達(dá)烏爾國際自然保護(hù)區(qū),創(chuàng)立于1994年,涵蓋中國的達(dá)賚湖國家級自然保護(hù)區(qū)、蒙古國的達(dá)烏爾國家級自然保護(hù)區(qū)和俄羅斯的達(dá)烏爾斯克國家級自然保護(hù)區(qū)3個區(qū)域,3個保護(hù)區(qū)均處于三國共同邊境地區(qū),地域上相互連接,生境相似,對該地區(qū)的研究有利于加強國際間生物多樣性保護(hù),增進(jìn)國際間自然保護(hù)交流。研究掌握該區(qū)域所面臨的突出生態(tài)問題—區(qū)域濕地退化的過程、闡明區(qū)域生態(tài)安全格局,可為區(qū)域資源環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和我國爭取國際環(huán)境履約談判主動權(quán)提供重要技術(shù)支撐。不僅能夠提升我國對區(qū)域環(huán)境管理的應(yīng)急性、培育性和基礎(chǔ)性能力,而且也能夠解決區(qū)域環(huán)境領(lǐng)域科技發(fā)展中的關(guān)鍵瓶頸問題,有效提升國家環(huán)境綜合決策能力。本研究以中俄蒙“CMR達(dá)烏爾”國際重要濕地為典型研究區(qū),采用遙感數(shù)據(jù)與氣象數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合的方法,分析過去近60a間區(qū)域濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的時空演變特征,并結(jié)合區(qū)域自然環(huán)境和社會經(jīng)濟特點,研究識別境內(nèi)草原濕地面積分布及其分布格局與氣象因子的響應(yīng)機制,建立相關(guān)統(tǒng)計學(xué)模型。結(jié)果表明:(1)研究區(qū)1959~2015年間日平均氣溫、年最高氣溫、年最低氣溫均呈現(xiàn)不斷升高的趨勢,1978~1996年日均降水量較1959~1977年間增加,1997年之后降水量明顯減少;(2)1954~2015年,研究區(qū)濕地總面積先增加后減少,總體呈減少趨勢,減少了1094.05km2,沙地總體增加了2545.84km2。濕地面積的變化主要集中分布在達(dá)賚湖自然保護(hù)區(qū)東北部新達(dá)賚湖(新開湖)區(qū)域,沙地面積的變化區(qū)域主要集中分布在新巴爾虎左旗;(3)研究區(qū)氣象因子對濕地動態(tài)變化的影響主要體現(xiàn)在4~9月最高氣溫與降水量的變化上:濕地面積增加,沙地面積減少,最高氣溫上升幅度和降水量下降幅度變小,最高氣溫傾向率與濕地變化率在0.011水平上顯著,與沙地變化率在0.014水平上顯著;相反地,若濕地面積減少、沙地面積增加,則最高氣溫上升幅度和降水量下降幅度變大,降水量傾向率與濕地變化率在0.016水平上顯著,與沙地變化率在0.017水平上顯著。
[Abstract]:CMR Wetland (China, Russia, Mongolia) Daour International Nature Reserve, founded in 1994, covers the Dalai Lake National Nature Reserve in China. The three regions of Daour National Nature Reserve of Mongolia and Daulsk National Nature Reserve of Russia are all located in the common border areas of the three countries, which are connected to each other geographically and have similar habitats. The research on this area is helpful to strengthen the international biodiversity conservation and enhance the international exchange of nature conservation. Studying and mastering the process of regional wetland degradation, which is a prominent ecological problem in the region, can provide important technical support for the coordinated development of regional resources and environment and the initiative of international environmental implementation negotiations. It can not only enhance the ability of emergency, cultivation and foundation of regional environmental management in China, but also solve the key bottleneck in the development of science and technology in the field of regional environment, and effectively enhance the comprehensive decision-making ability of national environment. In this study, "CMR Daour" wetland in China, Russia and Mongolia is taken as the typical research area, and the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of wetland ecosystem in the past 60 years are analyzed by combining remote sensing data with meteorological data. Based on the regional natural environment and social economic characteristics, this paper studies the response mechanism of identifying the grassland wetland area distribution and its distribution pattern and meteorological factors, and establishes the relevant statistical model. The results show that the daily mean temperature, the annual maximum temperature and the annual minimum temperature in the study area are all increasing continuously during 1959-2015. The daily average precipitation from 1978-1996 is higher than that from 1959and 1977, and the precipitation after 1997 is obviously reduced from 1954 to 2015. The total area of wetland in the study area increased first and then decreased. The total area of wetland decreased by 1094.05km2, and the sandy land increased by 2545.84km2. The changes of wetland area are mainly distributed in the area of New Dalai Lake (Xinkai Lake) in the northeast of Dalai Lake Nature Reserve. The effect of meteorological factors on the dynamic changes of wetland is mainly reflected in the change of maximum temperature and precipitation from April to September: the area of wetland increases and the area of sandy land decreases. The maximum temperature rising range and precipitation decreasing range become smaller, the maximum temperature tendency rate and wetland change rate are significant at 0.011 level, and the change rate of sandy land is significant at 0.014 level, on the contrary, if the wetland area decreases, the sandy land area increases. The maximum temperature rise and precipitation decrease increased, the precipitation tendency rate and wetland change rate were significant at 0.016 level, and the change rate of sandy land was significant at 0.017 level.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X36

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李鳳娟,劉吉平;濕地面積的喪失及其原因分析[J];長春大學(xué)學(xué)報;2004年06期

2 ;新疆濕地面積50年減少近一半[J];吉林水利;2001年10期

3 柳敏;王如松;黃錦樓;王亞婷;;北京市濕地面積動態(tài)變化及其驅(qū)動因子分析[J];中國人口.資源與環(huán)境;2011年S1期

4 ;吉林:五年間恢復(fù)城市濕地面積9131公頃[J];城市規(guī)劃通訊;2013年04期

5 崔心紅;;6%意味著什么[J];園林;2008年11期

6 羅仙嬌;施揚;唐飛;吳紹蓮;;重慶北碚區(qū)濕地面積的動態(tài)變化與對策研究[J];科技創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)報;2011年07期

7 張程;張瀟瀟;朱國宇;黃川友;;拉魯濕地面積變化趨勢及成因分析[J];水利科技與經(jīng)濟;2013年02期

8 ;科技信息[J];山西林業(yè)科技;2007年02期

9 ;資訊速遞[J];浙江林業(yè);2014年02期

10 ;中國濕地面積減少近9% 基建占用濕地十年增9倍[J];現(xiàn)代物業(yè)(上旬刊);2014年01期

相關(guān)會議論文 前2條

1 紀(jì)玲玲;申雙和;郭安紅;;利用RegCM3模式定量分析三江源地區(qū)濕地消長對區(qū)域氣候的影響[A];中國氣象學(xué)會2008年年會復(fù)雜地形影響下的天氣與氣候分會場論文集[C];2008年

2 杜紹敏;孫曉明;王穎;;三江平原水環(huán)境變化原因及分析[A];寒區(qū)水資源研究[C];2008年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前10條

1 記者 藺津;我區(qū)新增濕地面積達(dá)1萬多公頃[N];華興時報;2010年

2 實習(xí)記者 段娜;全市濕地面積達(dá)5.3萬公頃[N];銀川晚報;2013年

3 記者 劉玉t，

本文編號：1914071