本文選題：多環(huán)芳烴 + 土壤淋洗修復(fù)技術(shù)�。� 參考：《沈陽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國“退二進(jìn)三”、“退城進(jìn)園”等政策的實施。各地政府紛紛采取措施將焦化廠、化工廠等重污染企業(yè)遷往遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū),對遺留廠址另行開發(fā)使用,那么遺留廠址表層土壤中最常見污染物就是多環(huán)芳烴,多環(huán)芳烴對人體“致癌”、“致畸”、“致突變”的作用以被社會所公認(rèn)。土壤淋洗修復(fù)技術(shù)是一種行之有效的污染土壤治理技術(shù),具有適用范圍廣、見效快、處理容量大、效果顯著等特點,對多環(huán)芳烴污染土壤具有較好的實際應(yīng)用前景。而表面活性劑可以通過增溶作用提高土壤中多環(huán)芳烴溶解度,因此表面活性劑成為了土壤淋洗修復(fù)技術(shù)最為常用的一種淋洗劑。本文采用批處理法結(jié)合液相色譜分析技術(shù),首先研究了單一表現(xiàn)活性劑Triton X-100、SDS、Tween-80及復(fù)合表面活性劑SDS/Triton X-100對多環(huán)芳烴的增溶作用規(guī)律。其次以沈陽煉焦煤氣廠搬遷區(qū)土壤為供試土壤,研究了Triton X-100、SDS/Triton X-100的液固比、濃度、淋洗震蕩時間等條件對土壤淋洗修復(fù)效果的影響。最后將實驗室得到的最適淋洗條件,依托異位淋洗修復(fù)復(fù)合裝備進(jìn)行了多環(huán)芳烴污染土壤淋洗修復(fù)的中試試驗。主要取得了以下成果:(1)單一的表面活性劑Triton X-100、SDS、Tween-80對多環(huán)芳烴菲均具有明顯的增溶作用,增溶作用效果由強(qiáng)到弱依次為:Triton X-100SDSTween-80。例如在表面活性劑濃度較低時(10mmol/L)時,表面活性劑Tween-80對多環(huán)芳烴菲沒有增溶作用,而Triton X-100、SDS對菲有明顯的增溶作用,而Triton X-100的增溶效果高于SDS。(2)復(fù)合表面活性劑的增溶作用大于單一表面活性劑的增溶作用。在固定了SDS濃度為10mmol/L、20mmol/L、40mmol/L、60mmol/L、80mmol/L不變的條件下,復(fù)合表面活性劑對菲的增溶效果隨著Triton X-10濃度的增大而增大,在Triton X-100的濃度為60mmol/L時,增溶效果最佳。另外在SDS:Triton X-100的濃度比為20mmol/L:60mmol/L時的增溶效果要大于濃度比為10mmol/L:60mmol/L、40mmol/L:60mmol/L、60mmol/L:60mmol/L以及80mmol/L:60mmol/L的增溶效果,由此確定復(fù)合表面活性劑SDS/Triton X-100在濃度比為20mmol/L:60mmol/L,增溶效果最好,即復(fù)合表面活性劑的最佳濃度配比為1:3。(3)單一表面活性劑和復(fù)合表面活性劑對多環(huán)芳烴污染土壤都具有一定的洗脫效果,但二者對于多環(huán)芳烴的最佳淋洗條件存在一定的差異,其中單一表面活性劑Triton X-100的最佳淋洗液固比為20:1,最佳淋洗濃度為60mmol/L,最佳淋洗振蕩時間為90min。復(fù)合表面活性劑SDS/Triton X-100的最佳淋洗液固比為10:1,最佳淋洗濃度為40mmol/L,最佳淋洗振蕩時間為90min。(4)中試試驗表明,在淋洗條件相同的情況下,中試修復(fù)效果可以達(dá)到實驗室效果,且通過測量淋洗前后土壤中各種多環(huán)芳烴的含量,發(fā)現(xiàn)異位淋洗修復(fù)復(fù)合裝備對多環(huán)芳烴污染土壤的修復(fù)效率基本達(dá)到80%以上。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the policy of "retreating two into three" and "retreating into the garden". Local governments have taken measures to move heavily polluted enterprises, such as coking plants and chemical plants, to the far suburbs to develop and use the remaining plant sites separately. Then, the most common pollutants in the surface soil of the remaining plant sites are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been recognized as carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. Soil leaching and remediation technology is an effective treatment technology for contaminated soil, which has the characteristics of wide application range, quick effect, large treatment capacity and remarkable effect. It has a good prospect of practical application for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil. Surfactant can improve the solubility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through solubilization, so surfactant has become one of the most commonly used leaching agents for soil elution and remediation. In this paper, the solubilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by single surfactant Triton X-100 SDSX Tween-80 and composite surfactant SDS/Triton X-100 was studied by batch treatment and liquid chromatographic analysis. Secondly, the effects of Triton X-100 SDS / Triton X-100 liquid / solid ratio, concentration and leaching shock time on the effect of soil elution and remediation were studied by taking the soil of the relocation area of Shenyang Coking Gas Plant as the test soil. Finally, a pilot experiment was carried out on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil with the optimum elution conditions obtained in the laboratory and the heterotopic elution and remediation complex equipment. The main results are as follows: (1) the single surfactant Triton X-100 SDS- Tween-80 has obvious solubilization effect on phenanthrene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and the effect of solubilization is: Triton X-100 SDSTween-80. For example, when the concentration of surfactant is lower than 10 mmol / L, the surfactant Tween-80 has no solubilization effect on phenanthrene, while Triton X-100 has obvious solubilization effect on phenanthrene. The solubilization effect of Triton X-100 was higher than that of SDS.-2) the solubilization effect of Triton X-100 was higher than that of single surfactant. The solubilization effect of composite surfactants on phenanthrene increased with the increase of Triton X-10 concentration at a fixed concentration of 10 mmol / L ~ 20 mmol / L ~ (20) mmol / L ~ (40) mmol / L ~ (60) mmol 路L ~ (-1), and the solubilization effect of Triton X-100 was the best when the concentration of Triton X-100 was 60mmol/L. In addition, when the concentration ratio of SDS:Triton X-100 is 20mmol/L:60mmol/L, the solubilization effect of SDS/Triton X-100 is greater than that of 10 mmol / L: 60 mmol / L / L = 40 mmol / L: 60 mmol / L = 60 mmol / L / L, and the solubilization effect of 80mmol/L:60mmol/L is determined to be the best when the concentration ratio of the composite surfactant SDS/Triton X-100 is 20 mmol / L: 60 mmol / L, and the solubilization effect is the best when the concentration ratio of the composite surfactant SDS/Triton X-100 is 20 mmol / L: 60 mmol / L, That is, the optimum concentration ratio of composite surfactants is 1: 3. 3) both single surfactants and composite surfactants have a certain elution effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil, but there is a certain difference between them for the best elution conditions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The optimum elution solution solid ratio of single surfactant Triton X-100 is 20: 1, the optimum elution concentration is 60 mmol / L, and the optimal elution oscillation time is 90 min. The pilot-scale experiment of the composite surfactant SDS/Triton X-100 showed that under the same leaching conditions, the experimental results showed that the best elution solution solid ratio was 10: 1, the optimal elution concentration was 40 mmol / L, and the optimal elution oscillation time was 90 min. By measuring the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil before and after leaching, it was found that the remediation efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil was above 80% with the compound equipment of ectopic leaching and remediation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X53

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