本文選題：聚丙烯非織造布 + 超高交聯(lián)　； 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化合物(VOCs)是構(gòu)成大氣污染的重要組成部分,它主要來源于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程和日常生活中,對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境和人類健康都具有較大的危害。在處理VOCs的諸多方法中,吸附法因其具有設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單、能耗低、處理效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)被廣泛用于有機(jī)廢氣治理中。吸附法的應(yīng)用關(guān)鍵在于吸附劑的選擇,非織造布材料具有良好的過濾性能廣泛應(yīng)用于氣體凈化過程,吸附性非織造材料在具有過濾性能基礎(chǔ)上同時(shí)具有吸附性能。本論文主要采用化學(xué)方法使聚丙烯(PP)非織造布表面形成苯乙烯(ST)和二乙烯苯(DVB)的接枝層,然后分別選擇4'4-二甲基聯(lián)苯(CMDP)、二氯甲基苯(DCX)、二甲氧基甲烷(FDA)三種不同分子結(jié)構(gòu)和分子量的交聯(lián)劑進(jìn)行后交聯(lián)反應(yīng),制備出三種超高交聯(lián)非織造布材料(HCN-CMDP、HCN-DCX、HCN-FDA)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)PP非織造布接枝反應(yīng)階段,引發(fā)劑用量、單體濃度和固液體積比對(duì)ST和DVB接枝率均具有影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在非織造布接枝層后交聯(lián)的反應(yīng)中,溶脹時(shí)間、交聯(lián)劑用量、交聯(lián)反應(yīng)時(shí)間及交聯(lián)劑類型對(duì)接枝層的交聯(lián)程度具有影響,最終影響到材料的比表面積。結(jié)果表明采用ST和DVB接枝率為200%非織造布,引發(fā)劑用量為0.6%、溶脹時(shí)間及交聯(lián)反應(yīng)時(shí)間均為24h、CMDP為交聯(lián)劑時(shí),超高交聯(lián)非織造布的比表面積最大,可達(dá)到446.68m~2/g。研究采用SEM、激光共聚焦顯微鏡、BET、FT-IR、TGA和接觸角測(cè)量?jī)x對(duì)非織造布表面形貌及結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,結(jié)果表明,交聯(lián)非織造布表面形成了具有0.5nm左右均一孔徑的三維多孔交聯(lián)層,材料比表面積可達(dá)到446.68 m~2/g,是原非織造布的288倍。采用動(dòng)態(tài)吸附方法重點(diǎn)研究了 HCN的比表面積、氣體濃度、氣體流速及濕度對(duì)苯乙烯吸附性能的影響。另外,為了探討吸附質(zhì)與吸附劑之間的作用力,研究了三種不同交聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)的非織造布對(duì)不同類型VOCs(苯乙烯、丙酮、正己烷)的吸附和脫附性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,HCN-CMDP、HCN-DCX和HCN-FDA對(duì)VOCs均有較好的吸附作用,其中HCN-CMDP對(duì)苯乙烯、丙酮和正己烷的吸附效果最佳,且對(duì)苯乙烯的吸附能力最強(qiáng),最大吸附量可達(dá)到353.6 mg/g。HCN-CMDP脫附苯乙烯的活化能最大,為22.7KJ/mol,表明HCN-CMDP與苯乙烯之間的作用力最大。
[Abstract]:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important components of air pollution. They are mainly derived from industrial production and daily life, which are harmful to the ecological environment and human health. Among the methods of VOCs treatment, adsorption method is widely used in organic waste gas treatment because of its advantages of simple equipment, low energy consumption and high treatment efficiency. The key to the application of adsorption method lies in the selection of adsorbent. Nonwovens have good filtration performance and are widely used in the process of gas purification. The adsorptive nonwovens have adsorption properties on the basis of filtration properties. In this paper, a chemical method was used to form graft layers of styrene (St) and divinylbenzene (DVB) on the surface of PP / PP nonwovens. Then three kinds of crosslinking agents with different molecular structure and molecular weight were selected respectively, namely, four kinds of crosslinker, four kinds of crosslinking agents of different molecular structure and molecular weight, and three kinds of ultra-high crosslinking nonwovens, HCN-CMDPU, HCN-DCXHCN-FDAA, respectively. It was found that the graft ratio of St and DVB was affected by the amount of initiator, monomer concentration and solid / liquid volume ratio during the grafting reaction of PP nonwovens. It was found that the swelling time, the amount of crosslinking agent, the crosslinking time and the crosslinking degree of the grafted layer of nonwovens had an effect on the crosslinking of the grafted layer, and the specific surface area of the material was finally affected by the swelling time, the amount of crosslinking agent and the crosslinking time. The results showed that when St and DVB were grafted with 200% nonwovens, the amount of initiator was 0.6, the swelling time and crosslinking reaction time were both 24 h and CMDP was used as crosslinking agent, the surface area of ultra-high crosslinked nonwovens was the largest, reaching 446.68 mg / g. The surface morphology and structure of nonwovens were characterized by means of SEM, laser confocal microscope, BETFT-IRGA and contact angle measuring instrument. The results showed that the surface of cross-linked nonwovens formed a three-dimensional porous crosslinking layer with 0.5nm about uniform pore size. The specific surface area of the material can reach 446.68 mm2 / g, 288 times the original nonwovens. The effects of specific surface area, gas concentration, gas flow rate and humidity of HCN on the adsorption properties of styrene were studied by dynamic adsorption method. In addition, the effects of three kinds of nonwovens with different cross-linking structures on the adsorption and desorption properties of different VOCs (styrene, acetone, n-hexane) were studied in order to investigate the force between adsorbents and adsorbents. The results showed that both HCN-CMDP- DCX and HCN-FDA had better adsorption on VOCs, and HCN-CMDP had the best adsorption effect on styrene, acetone and n-hexane, and had the strongest adsorption capacity for styrene, and the maximum adsorption capacity could reach the maximum activation energy of 353.6 mg/g.HCN-CMDP desorption of styrene. It was 22.7 KJ / mol, indicating that the interaction force between HCN-CMDP and styrene was the largest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X701

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