本文選題：二氧化氯 + 固相多相催化法　； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：二氧化氯作為消毒劑,在消毒過(guò)程中不會(huì)產(chǎn)生三鹵甲烷(THMs)等對(duì)人體健康危害巨大的"三致"物質(zhì),且具有良好的殺菌能力,已逐漸取代液氯消毒劑。許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家已采用二氧化氯對(duì)飲用水消毒。我國(guó)二氧化氯生產(chǎn)技術(shù)落后,多采用氯酸鹽和亞氯酸鹽為原料,液相合成,生產(chǎn)成本較高,產(chǎn)品純度不夠高。因此,尋找以低成本投入,制備高純度、穩(wěn)定性好的二氧化氯的方法,顯得尤為重要,這將極大改善人們的飲水安全問(wèn)題。為了解決這一問(wèn)題,本論文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以廉價(jià)的氯酸鉀和草酸為原料,以ZSM-5負(fù)載過(guò)渡金屬為催化劑,采用固態(tài)多相催化加熱的方法,制備出高純度的二氧化氯。該方法采用固態(tài)方法,不同于其他方法,避免了液相法的強(qiáng)酸對(duì)設(shè)備的腐蝕,工藝簡(jiǎn)單,反應(yīng)時(shí)間短,且不產(chǎn)生氯氣等其他雜質(zhì)。探究了反應(yīng)的最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件:氯酸鉀與草酸摩爾比為1:1.2,適量催化劑;反應(yīng)溫度:75℃;反應(yīng)物粒度大小:200-250目。制備出的二氧化氯純度可達(dá)99.9%以上。本論文采用國(guó)標(biāo)—五步碘量法對(duì)二氧化氯的純度進(jìn)行了分析,并考察了儲(chǔ)存在不同溫度、pH條件下的二氧化氯溶液、以及亞氯酸根、氯酸根溶液的穩(wěn)定性。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,二氧化氯溶液(1g/L)在儲(chǔ)存過(guò)程中二氧化氯氣體會(huì)揮發(fā),但在存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程中不發(fā)生變化。二氧化氯溶液在25 ℃能穩(wěn)定保存,在堿性條件下發(fā)生歧化反應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閬喡人岣⒙人岣�。亞氯酸根和氯酸根在水溶液中穩(wěn)定存在。本論文還用自制的二氧化氯溶液對(duì)自來(lái)水中苯、苯酚、苯醌及苯胺類有機(jī)污染物進(jìn)行了氧化處理,探討了在不同反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)物摩爾比、pH和溫度下的氧化產(chǎn)物。研究表明,二氧化氯可將苯氧化為二氧化碳,將苯酚氧化為苯醌,而苯醌不能被二氧化氯進(jìn)一步氧化;將苯胺氧化為偶氮苯,將鄰甲基苯胺氧化為鄰甲基對(duì)氨基酚,N-甲基苯胺氧化為N-甲基對(duì)苯酚,N-甲基對(duì)苯酚可被二氧化氯進(jìn)一步氧化為對(duì)苯醌。
[Abstract]:Chlorine dioxide, as a disinfectant, will not produce trihalomethane (THMs) and other "trihalomethane" substances, which are harmful to human health, and have good bactericidal ability, which has gradually replaced the liquid chlorine disinfectant. Chlorine dioxide has been used to sterilize drinking water in many developed countries. The production technology of chlorine dioxide in China is backward. Chlorate and chlorite are mostly used as raw materials. The production cost is high and the purity of the product is not high enough. Therefore, it is very important to find a method to prepare chlorine dioxide with high purity and good stability at low cost, which will greatly improve the drinking water safety of people. In order to solve this problem, a high purity chlorine dioxide was prepared from cheap potassium chlorate and oxalic acid, ZSM-5 supported transition metal catalyst and solid heterogeneous catalytic heating method. The solid state method is different from other methods. It avoids the corrosion of the strong acid in liquid phase, the process is simple, the reaction time is short, and other impurities such as chlorine are not produced. The optimum experimental conditions are as follows: molar ratio of potassium chlorate to oxalic acid is 1: 1.2, appropriate amount of catalyst; reaction temperature: 75 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1865098