發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-28 00:13

  本文選題：檢察機(jī)關(guān) + 公益訴訟��； 參考：《江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：十八屆四中全會(huì)后,試點(diǎn)地區(qū)正式開(kāi)展為期兩年的檢察機(jī)關(guān)環(huán)境公益訴訟試點(diǎn)工作,探索建立“檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起環(huán)境公益訴訟制度”,其旨在發(fā)揮檢察機(jī)關(guān)的監(jiān)督職能,督促環(huán)保行政機(jī)關(guān)積極履職,從源頭上治理環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。最高人民檢察院相繼出臺(tái)《檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起公益訴訟改革試點(diǎn)方案》和《人民檢察院提起公益訴訟試點(diǎn)工作實(shí)施辦法》對(duì)檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起公益訴訟的案件范圍及訴訟順序、立案管轄、訴前程序、舉證程序等規(guī)則進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的規(guī)定,為實(shí)踐提供了一定的依據(jù)。從檢察機(jī)關(guān)公益訴訟試點(diǎn)改革情況進(jìn)行分析,可以看出檢察機(jī)關(guān)公益訴訟試點(diǎn)改革在增強(qiáng)檢察機(jī)關(guān)公益訴訟積極性、明確立案管轄規(guī)則、細(xì)化舉證規(guī)則、明確訴前程序提高環(huán)保效率等方面具有進(jìn)步性,明確了檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起公益訴訟的主體資格,賦予了檢察機(jī)關(guān)公益訴訟訴權(quán),有助于提高檢察機(jī)關(guān)訴訟積極性,明確了檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起訴訟的條件和訴訟順序,細(xì)化了地域管轄、層級(jí)管轄規(guī)則、舉證規(guī)則并且引入了“專家輔助人”有效的彌補(bǔ)檢察機(jī)關(guān)辦案經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足、專業(yè)性缺乏等問(wèn)題。然而在檢察機(jī)關(guān)試點(diǎn)改革中仍存在地方檢察機(jī)關(guān)缺乏積極性、辦案人員專業(yè)性缺陷、訴訟成本高、辦案人力不足、訴前程序具體規(guī)則和集中管轄規(guī)則缺失等不足之處,未來(lái)需要從明確專家意見(jiàn)的證據(jù)地位、專家輔助人的來(lái)源、專家輔助人參加訴訟的程序完善專家輔助人制度,建立跨行政區(qū)域的集中管轄規(guī)則、細(xì)化訴前程序,如明確訴前程序中檢察建議的具體內(nèi)容,訴前通知的對(duì)象,明確替代性修復(fù)方式、提高檢察機(jī)關(guān)辦案能力、建立環(huán)境公益基金和環(huán)境公益保險(xiǎn)制度激勵(lì)機(jī)制等方面入手進(jìn)一步完善檢察機(jī)關(guān)公益訴訟制度。
[Abstract]:After the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the pilot areas formally launched a two-year pilot work on environmental public interest litigation of procuratorial organs, exploring the establishment of a "system of environmental public interest litigation by procuratorial organs", which aims to give full play to the supervisory functions of procuratorial organs. Urge environmental protection administrative organs to carry out their duties actively and control environmental pollution problems from the source. The Supreme people's Procuratorate has successively promulgated the "pilot Program for the Reform of Public interest Litigation initiated by the Procuratorial organs" and the "measures for the implementation of the pilot work of the people's Procuratorate in initiating Public interest Litigation". The rules of case-filing jurisdiction, pre-suit procedure, proof procedure and so on are specified in detail, which provide some basis for practice. From the analysis of the pilot reform of public interest litigation in procuratorial organs, we can see that the pilot reform of public interest litigation of procuratorial organs enhances the enthusiasm of public interest litigation of procuratorial organs, clarifies the rules of filing cases and jurisdiction, and refines the rules of proof. It is clear that the pre-lawsuit procedure improves the environmental protection efficiency and so on. It clarifies the subject qualification of the procuratorial organ to file the public interest lawsuit, endows the procuratorial organ with the right of action in the public interest litigation, and helps to improve the procuratorial organs' enthusiasm for litigation. This paper clarifies the conditions and the order of litigation by procuratorial organs, refines the regional jurisdiction, the rules of hierarchical jurisdiction, the rules of proof, and introduces the "expert assistant" to effectively remedy the problems of the procuratorial organs' lack of experience in handling cases, lack of professionalism, and so on. However, in the pilot reform of procuratorial organs, there are still shortcomings such as the lack of enthusiasm of the local procuratorial organs, the professional defects of the case handlers, the high litigation costs, the insufficiency of the personnel handling cases, the lack of specific rules of the pre-litigation procedure and the rules of centralized jurisdiction, etc. In the future, we need to make clear the evidence status of expert opinion, the source of expert assistant, the procedure of expert assistant to participate in litigation, perfect the system of expert assistant, establish centralized jurisdiction rules across administrative region, and refine the procedure before litigation. For example, clarifying the specific contents of the procuratorial proposals in the pre-lawsuit procedure, the object of the pre-lawsuit notice, defining the alternative repair methods, and improving the procuratorial organs' ability to handle cases, The establishment of environmental public welfare funds and environmental public welfare insurance system incentive mechanism and other aspects to further improve the procuratorial organs public interest litigation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.68

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