本文選題：異養(yǎng)硝化-好氧反硝化 + 貪銅菌屬　； 參考：《太原理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：含氮廢水的超標排放造成水體富營養(yǎng)化日趨嚴重,因此經(jīng)濟有效的去除水體中氮素是環(huán)境治理的關(guān)鍵。生物脫氮工藝因其高效率、低成本以及二次污染小等特點被認為是最佳的脫氮方法。而異養(yǎng)硝化-好氧反硝化作為一種生物脫氮新工藝,是目前廢水脫氮方面的研究熱點。含氮廢水來源廣泛,如焦化、石化、鋼鐵及釩、鎢鉬、鎳鈷、稀土等有色行業(yè)排出的廢水,此類廢水中同時含有高濃度的氨氮和大量的金屬離子,而金屬離子對微生物有毒害作用,因而影響脫氮效率。本文報道了一株從山西省晉中市益興焦化股份有限公司的焦化廢水中篩得的高效異養(yǎng)硝化-好氧反硝化細菌,并深入考察了菌株的異養(yǎng)硝化和好氧反硝化性能,此外,探討了菌株應(yīng)用于焦化廢水的降解效果,以期為今后的實際工程應(yīng)用提供技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。研究結(jié)論如下:1.分離出一株異養(yǎng)硝化-好氧反硝化細菌,通過形態(tài)學觀察、生理生化實驗并結(jié)合16S rDNA基因序列分析,鑒定該菌株為貪銅菌(Cupriavidus sp.),命名為S1。2.菌株S1的異養(yǎng)硝化特性實驗表明,24 h內(nèi)NH4+-N的降解率高達99.68%,最大去除速率為10.43 mg/L/h,TN的降解率為98.69%,在硝化過程中幾乎無硝氮和亞硝氮的積累。s1的好氧反硝化特性研究表明,24h內(nèi)no3--n和no2--n的去除率分別為98.03%和99.81%,最大轉(zhuǎn)化速率分別為8.64mg/l/h和8.36mg/l/h,tn的去除率分別為97.4%和96.51%。氣體檢測結(jié)果表明,以nh4+-n、no3--n和no2--n為氮源時,n2是主要的異養(yǎng)硝化好氧反硝化產(chǎn)物,證明s1確實具有異養(yǎng)硝化好氧反硝化的能力。s1可以直接利用有機氮進行生長代謝。3.同步硝化反硝化研究表明,當(nh4)2so4和nano3或者(nh4)2so4和nano2同時作為氮源時,菌株s1都能將體系內(nèi)的氮完全脫除。三種氮源中,s1會優(yōu)先降解nh4+-n。4.菌株s1的最適脫氮條件為:溫度28.67oc,初始ph7.44,搖床轉(zhuǎn)速133.3rpm,碳源丙酮酸鈉。較高的c/n比有利于nh4+-n的去除,且菌株對于高濃度氨氮和苯酚具有較強的耐受能力。5.考察了cu~(2+)、zn~(2+)、ni~(2+)和cr~(6+)對s1氨氮降解性能的影響,研究表明:zn~(2+)和ni~(2+)在一定濃度范圍內(nèi)對脫氮性能無抑制作用,而cu~(2+)對s1的脫氮性能的毒害作用隨濃度增加而增大,cr~(6+)對細菌的毒害作用最大。濃度為10mg/l時四種金屬離子對s1異養(yǎng)脫氮性能抑制程度強弱順序為cr~(6+)cu~(2+)ni~(2+)zn~(2+)。與一般的異養(yǎng)硝化細菌相比,s1對金屬有一定耐受性。6.利用菌株組合構(gòu)建異養(yǎng)硝化好氧反硝化功能菌ncb(s1+y1+w4),處理稀釋后的焦化廢水,發(fā)現(xiàn)復(fù)合菌具有高效的氨氮去除能力。復(fù)合菌對nh4+-n、苯酚和cod降解率在144h后分別達到50%、40%和50%左右。利用菌絲球?qū)?fù)合菌進行固定,固定化微生物的降解性能顯著提高,NH4+-N、苯酚和COD去除率較固定化前提高了24.69%、60%和10.56%左右。說明將復(fù)合固定化微生物應(yīng)用于焦化廢水的處理具有潛在的研究價值。
[Abstract]:The eutrophication of water body is becoming more and more serious due to the excessive discharge of nitrogen-containing wastewater, so the key to environmental treatment is to remove nitrogen from water body economically and effectively. Biological denitrification process is considered to be the best method for denitrification because of its high efficiency, low cost and low secondary pollution. As a new biological denitrification process, heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification is a hot spot in wastewater denitrification. Wastewater containing nitrogen is from a wide range of sources, such as coking, petrochemical, iron and steel, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, rare earth and other non-ferrous industries, such as wastewater containing high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and a large number of metal ions, Metal ions have toxic effects on microbes, thus affecting denitrification efficiency. This paper reports a high efficiency heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria isolated from coking wastewater of Yixing Coking Co., Ltd., Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province. The heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification properties of the strains were also investigated. The degradation effect of the strain applied to coking wastewater was discussed in order to provide technical guidance for practical engineering application in the future. The conclusion of the study is as follows: 1. A heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacterium was isolated. The strain was identified as Cupriavidus sp. sp., S1.2 by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical experiments and sequence analysis of 16s rDNA gene. The experimental results of heterotrophic nitrification of strain S1 showed that the degradation rate of NH4 -N was 99.68% and the maximum removal rate was 10.43 mg / L / L ~ (-1) TN in 24 h. The aerobic denitrification characteristics of nitrite nitrogen and nitrite accumulation during nitrification were almost zero. The results showed that the removal rates of no3--n and no2--n were 98.03% and 99.81%, respectively, and the maximum conversion rates were 97.4% and 96.51% for 8.64mg/l/h and 8.36 mg / L ~ (-1 / H) H ~ (2 +) n, respectively. The results of gas detection showed that when nh4 -nnno _ 3 n and no2--n were used as nitrogen sources, n _ 2 was the main product of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. It was proved that S1 had the ability of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. S1 could directly utilize organic nitrogen for growth and metabolism. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification showed that strain S1 could completely remove nitrogen from the system when nh4k2so4 and nano3 or nh4n2so4 and nano2 were used as nitrogen sources. In the three nitrogen sources, nh4 -n.4. The optimum denitrification conditions of strain S1 were as follows: temperature 28.67oc, initial ph7.44, shaking speed 133.3 rpm, carbon source sodium pyruvate. The higher c- / n ratio was favorable to the removal of nh4-n, and the strain had strong tolerance to high concentration of ammonia nitrogen and phenol. The effects of cu~(2 and cr~(6 on the degradation of S _ 1 ammonia nitrogen were investigated. The results showed that cu~(2 _ ZN _ 2) and ni~(2) had no inhibitory effect on denitrification performance in a certain concentration range. The toxic effect of cu~(2 on the denitrification of S1 increased with the increase of concentration. When the concentration of 10mg/l is 10mg/l, the inhibition degree of four metal ions on S1 heterotrophic denitrification is in the order of cr~(6. Compared with the normal heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria, it has a certain tolerance to metal. 6. Heterotrophic nitrifying aerobic denitrification functional bacteria ncb(s1 y1 w4W were constructed by using strain combination to treat the diluted coking wastewater. It was found that the compound bacteria had high ammonia nitrogen removal ability. The degradation rates of nh4-n, phenol and cod reached 40% and 50% respectively after 144h. When the composite bacteria were immobilized with hyphal spheres, the degradation performance of the immobilized microorganisms was significantly improved, and the removal rates of phenol and COD were increased by about 24.6969% and 10.56% compared with those before immobilization. The application of composite immobilized microorganisms in coking wastewater treatment has potential research value.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X172;X703

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