本文選題：循環(huán)冷卻水排污水 + 超高石灰鋁法��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：循環(huán)冷卻水系統(tǒng)是電廠中的用水大戶,排污水量及補(bǔ)給水量均較高,水質(zhì)中由于Cl~-、Ca~(2+)及SO_4~(2-)等離子的存在會(huì)造成設(shè)備的腐蝕和結(jié)垢等問(wèn)題,燃?xì)怆姀S由于不具備脫硫系統(tǒng),導(dǎo)致循環(huán)冷卻水排污水無(wú)法回用于其它處理系統(tǒng),只能外排而造成浪費(fèi)。超高石灰鋁法是一種由石灰軟化法及混凝沉淀法發(fā)展而來(lái)的新型除氯方法,通過(guò)添加Ca(OH)_2及Na Al O_2與水中陰離子反應(yīng),形成類水滑石型物質(zhì)(LDH),同時(shí)也能去除溶液中的Ca~(2+)及SO_4~(2-)。本課題旨在研究使用超高石灰鋁法處理模擬水質(zhì),檢測(cè)其各項(xiàng)離子濃度及指標(biāo),得到最佳去除效果及去除條件;通過(guò)分析其產(chǎn)物組成及反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)預(yù)測(cè)反應(yīng)機(jī)理;并初步處理燃?xì)怆姀S循環(huán)冷卻水實(shí)際排污水,使其出水水質(zhì)滿足循環(huán)冷卻水補(bǔ)給水要求并可回用于冷卻水系統(tǒng)。當(dāng)模擬水質(zhì)中只含有500mg/LCl~-及280mg/LCa~(2+)時(shí),通過(guò)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)及單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)分析得出,最佳藥劑投加比例為n(Ca):n(Al):n(Cl)=5:3:1,最佳反應(yīng)條件為溫度25℃,震蕩時(shí)間2h,此時(shí)Cl~-出水濃度為155mg/L,去除率為71.24%;Ca~(2+)出水濃度為62mg/L,去除率為78.74%。藥劑投加比例對(duì)去除率影響最大,Cl~-初始濃度的降低會(huì)極大抑制Cl~-去除率。同時(shí)建立了各工藝條件對(duì)Cl~-、Ca~(2+)去除率影響的數(shù)學(xué)模型。當(dāng)水質(zhì)中添加500mg/LSO_4~(2-)后,會(huì)極大影響Cl~-去除率,且隨SO_4~(2-)濃度增加去除率快速減少,但會(huì)一定程度上促進(jìn)Ca~(2+)的去除。采用二次處理或微過(guò)量投加藥劑的工藝可以解決該問(wèn)題。當(dāng)n(Ca):n(Al):n(SO_4~(2-)+Cl~-)=6.3:4.2:1,Cl~-去除率為72.76%,Ca~(2+)和SO_4~(2-)去除率均可以超過(guò)90%。通過(guò)對(duì)產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行XRD分析及探究Cl~-去除反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué),發(fā)現(xiàn)該方法去除機(jī)理為水質(zhì)中的Cl~-及SO_4~(2-)會(huì)與藥劑水解產(chǎn)生的Ca~(2+)及Al~(3+)進(jìn)行反應(yīng),生成Ca_4Al_2Cl_2(OH)_(12)及Ca_6Al_2(SO_4)_3(OH)_(12),且水質(zhì)中游離的Ca~(2+)會(huì)促使反應(yīng)正向進(jìn)行,該反應(yīng)預(yù)計(jì)為三級(jí)反應(yīng),Cl~-反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)為4.607×10~(-4)(mmol·L)~(-2)·min~(-1)。使用該方法處理實(shí)際電廠循環(huán)水排污水發(fā)現(xiàn),三種離子去除率均在72%以上,出水濃度可以滿足補(bǔ)給水水質(zhì)要求,但由于出水p H較高需要進(jìn)行酸化處理。酸化處理后的水質(zhì)相較于原水水質(zhì)更趨于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。由于該方法處理成本較低,設(shè)備流程簡(jiǎn)單,因此具有工業(yè)應(yīng)用前景。但出水電導(dǎo)率和TDS較高是該方法的最大弊端,同時(shí)過(guò)濾工藝及固廢處理工藝也應(yīng)是未來(lái)研究的重點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The circulating cooling water system is the big water user in the power plant. The water discharge and the recharge water are all high. The water quality in the water can cause the corrosion and scaling of the equipment because of the existence of Cl~-, Ca~ (2+) and SO_4~ (2-) plasma. Because the gas power plant does not have the desulfurization system, it can not be used back to other treatment systems. The ultra high lime aluminum method is a new method of dechlorination developed by lime softening and coagulating precipitation. By adding Ca (OH) _2 and Na Al O_2 to the water anions, it forms a hydrotalcite like substance (LDH) and can also remove Ca~ (2+) and SO_4~ (2-) in the solution. The purpose of this study is to study the use of ultra-high lime aluminum. The method is used to treat the simulated water quality, to detect the ion concentration and index, to get the best removal efficiency and removal conditions, to predict the reaction mechanism by analyzing the composition and reaction kinetics, and to deal with the actual discharge of the circulating cooling water in the gas power plant, so that the water quality can meet the requirements of the circulating cooling water and can be used for the cooling water. When the simulated water contains only 500mg/LCl~- and 280mg/LCa~ (2+), the optimum dosage is n (Ca): n (Al): n (Cl) =5:3:1, and the optimum reaction condition is 25 C, and the oscillation time is 2H. At this time, the effluent concentration is 71.24%. The addition ratio of 78.74%. has the greatest impact on the removal rate, and the reduction of the initial Cl~- concentration will greatly inhibit the removal rate of Cl~-. At the same time, the mathematical model of the effect of the process conditions on the removal rate of Cl~- and Ca~ (2+) is established. When 500mg/LSO_4~ (2-) is added to the water, the Cl~- removal rate is greatly affected and the removal rate increases with the SO_4~ (2-) concentration. The reduction of Ca~ (2+) can be reduced to a certain extent. The problem can be solved by the process of two treatment or slightly overdosing agent. When n (Ca): n (Al): n (SO_4~ (2-) +Cl~-) =6.3:4.2:1, Cl~- removal rate is 72.76%. It is found that the removal mechanism of this method is that the Cl~- and SO_4~ (2-) in water will react with Ca~ (2+) and Al~ (3+) produced by the hydrolysis of the agent to produce Ca_4Al_2Cl_2 (OH) (12) and Ca_6Al_2 (SO_4) _3 (12), and the free water in the water will lead to the positive reaction, which is expected to be a grade three reaction, and the rate constant of the reaction is 4.607 x (- 4) (mmol. L) ~ (-2). Min~ (-1). Using this method, the removal rate of three kinds of ion removal is more than 72%. The effluent concentration can meet the water quality requirements of the recharge water, but the effluent P H needs to be acidified. The water quality after acidification is more stable than the original water quality. The treatment cost is low, the equipment process is simple, so it has the prospect of industrial application. But the high conductivity of the effluent and high TDS is the biggest disadvantage of this method. At the same time, the filtration process and the solid waste treatment process should be the focus of the future research.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X773

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