本文選題：和田地區(qū) + 生態(tài)環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展�。� 參考：《新疆大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：和田地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平在近些年受到國家西部大開發(fā)政策實(shí)施的影響而快速提高。與此同時(shí),伴隨人口數(shù)量逐年增加的影響,并對(duì)現(xiàn)有的自然資源過量開發(fā)與加速損耗,加之使用粗放型經(jīng)濟(jì)增長模式,使得和田地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)生了明顯變化,諸如自然資源銳減、環(huán)境污染加重、生態(tài)質(zhì)量變差等生態(tài)問題,這些生態(tài)環(huán)境問題在和田地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的過程中日漸凸顯。因此探討和田地區(qū)因土地利用方式改變而導(dǎo)致的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值發(fā)生的變化,分析和田地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是否協(xié)調(diào)的問題,考慮和田地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)有基礎(chǔ)條件下,同時(shí)在保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的基本底線上,研究和田地區(qū)能否實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展等基本問題有很重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文利用和田地區(qū)的各類土地利用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)和田地區(qū)土地利用數(shù)量變化及其動(dòng)態(tài)度進(jìn)行分析;根據(jù)謝高地等人建立的當(dāng)量法,評(píng)估出和田地區(qū)各類土地利用類型所能提供的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值,并對(duì)其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值變化趨向及其價(jià)值系數(shù)敏感度進(jìn)行分析與探討;將生態(tài)與經(jīng)濟(jì)兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)作為準(zhǔn)則層,構(gòu)建符合和田地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系;采用廖建斌等人提出的生態(tài)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展耦合協(xié)調(diào)度模型,結(jié)合協(xié)調(diào)度指標(biāo)體系的測(cè)量分析方法、數(shù)學(xué)方法和有關(guān)的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析等展開運(yùn)算,評(píng)估和田地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展兩者間的協(xié)調(diào)度和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展度,并對(duì)其協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析與討論;根據(jù)吳建寨等人提出的生態(tài)與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)指數(shù)模型,結(jié)合計(jì)算出的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)總價(jià)值與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù),評(píng)估和田地區(qū)生態(tài)與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)指數(shù),并對(duì)其協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析與討論。本文研究成果如下:(1)和田地區(qū)在這16年期間,由于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展需求而大力發(fā)展農(nóng)果業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì),從而改變土地利用的方式,使得園地與耕地面積都是呈現(xiàn)逐年增加趨向,這些增加的面積中有不少都是占用了水源地附近的土地以及部分可以使用的未利用地,使得各種土地利用類型的面積數(shù)量變化較為明顯。其中園地是增加幅度最大的一類土地利用類型,其動(dòng)態(tài)度達(dá)到9.17%,即園地面積從2000年的的1.79×104 hm2增加至2015的4.26×104 hm2,增加了137.51%。(2)由于園地與耕地面積都在逐年增加,使得這部分的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值大幅增加,同時(shí)和田地區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)總價(jià)值每年都在上漲且增幅較大,由2000年412.943×108元增長到2015的1193.242×108元,增長了189%。其中園地提供的生態(tài)服務(wù)價(jià)值雖然在歷年價(jià)值比例中占比最小的一項(xiàng)僅為0.3%左右,但是占比卻是呈現(xiàn)逐年增加趨勢(shì),其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值由2000年1.317×108元增加至2015的8.875×108元,增長了573.88%。(3)因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)增長需求而隨意開墾土地使得原有生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭到破壞,導(dǎo)致在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的同時(shí)與生態(tài)環(huán)境之間的協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系逐漸變差,協(xié)調(diào)度從2000年的0.999降到2015的0.396,由協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展類變?yōu)檩p度失調(diào)衰敗類;而協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展度從2000年的0.094降到2015的0.043,由極度失調(diào)衰退類環(huán)境滯后型變?yōu)闉l臨失調(diào)衰退類經(jīng)濟(jì)滯后型;而生態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)指數(shù)從0.508降到0.273,從中度協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系演變成低度協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系。通過對(duì)這三方面的協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)和田地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系都呈現(xiàn)出逐年衰退的趨勢(shì),兩者間協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系變差。本文根據(jù)和田地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)條件,并在生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護(hù)基本底線上對(duì)和田地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提出合理對(duì)策與建議,對(duì)和田地區(qū)的生態(tài)建設(shè)制定合理計(jì)劃,擬訂科學(xué)的生態(tài)規(guī)劃,為和田地區(qū)穩(wěn)定健康的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提供理論支持。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the level of economic development in Hetian area has been greatly improved by the implementation of the policy of the western development of the country in recent years. At the same time, with the increase of the population number year by year, the excessive exploitation and accelerated loss of the existing natural resources and the use of extensive mode of economic growth have made the ecological environment of the Hetian region clear. These ecological problems, such as the sharp decrease of natural resources, the aggravation of environmental pollution and the deterioration of ecological quality, are becoming increasingly prominent in the process of rapid economic development in the Hetian region. Therefore, the changes in the ecosystem service value caused by the change of land use patterns in the Hotan area, and the analysis of the field area ecology are discussed. The problem of whether the environment and the economic development are coordinated, considering the existing basic conditions of the economic development in the field area, and on the basic bottom line of protecting the ecological environment, it is of great practical significance to study the basic problems of the sustainable development of the Hotan area. The change of land use quantity and its dynamic degree are analyzed. According to the equivalent method established by Xie highland and others, the value of ecosystem services provided by various types of land use in Hetian area is evaluated, and the change trend of ecosystem service value and the sensitivity of value coefficient are analyzed and discussed, and ecology and economy are two. As a standard layer, the system is used to construct the evaluation index system of ecological environment quality and economic development level in the area of Hetian. The coupling coordination degree model of ecological environment and economic development proposed by Liao Jianbin and others, combined with the measurement and analysis method of coordination degree index system, mathematical formula and related statistical analysis are carried out, and the evaluation and analysis are carried out. The coordination and coordinated development of ecological environment and economic development in Tian area are analyzed and discussed. According to the ecological and economic coordination index model proposed by Wu Jianzhai and others, combined with the calculated data of the total value of ecosystem services and the index of economic development level, the ecological and economic development of the area is evaluated. The results of this study are as follows: (1) in the 16 year period of Hetian area, the agricultural economy is greatly developed because of the demand of economic development, and the way of land use is changed, and the area of garden land and cultivated land is increasing year by year. There are many areas in these areas. All the land near the water source and some of the unused land can be used, making the area of various types of land use change more obvious. The garden is the largest type of land use, its dynamic degree is 9.17%, that is, the garden area is increased from 1.79 x 104 hm2 in 2000 to 2015 4.26 x 104 H M2 (2) increased 137.51%. (2) because the area of garden land and cultivated land increased year by year, which made the value of ecosystem services increased greatly. At the same time, the total value of ecosystem services in Hetian area increased and increased greatly, from 412.943 x 108 yuan in 2000 to 2015 1193.242 x 108 yuan, which increased the life of 189%. in the garden. Although the state service value is only about 0.3% in the year value ratio, the proportion of its account is increasing year by year. Its ecosystem service value increases from 1.317 x 108 yuan in 2000 to 2015 8.875 x 108 yuan, increasing 573.88%. (3) because of the demand of economic growth and making the original ecosystem suffered from the original ecosystem. The coordination relationship between the economic growth and the ecological environment became worse and worse. The coordination degree decreased from 0.999 in 2000 to 0.396 of 2015, and the coordinated development class changed from 0.094 to 2015 in 2000, and from 0.094 to 2015 in 2000. The ecological coordination index has fallen from 0.508 to 0.273, from moderate coordination to a low coordination relationship. Through the comparison of the coordination relations between the three aspects, it is found that the coordination relationship between the ecological environment and the economic development in the Hotan area is declining year by year, and the coordination relationship between the two is worse. This paper is based on the Hetian region The basic conditions of economic development and the reasonable countermeasures and suggestions on the economic development of Hetian area on the basic bottom line of ecological environment protection are put forward, a reasonable plan is made to the ecological construction in the Hetian region, the scientific ecological planning is drawn up, and the theoretical support for the harmonious and healthy development of the Hetian region is provided.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F127;X22

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