發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-16 17:31

  本文選題：凝膠球 + 吸附�。� 參考：《廣州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生活的快速發(fā)展,含磷廢水由于某些原因未經(jīng)處理或未達(dá)標(biāo)就排入水體,可能造成水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化問題。然而,隨著自然界有限磷資源的日益減少,污水中的磷對(duì)于農(nóng)業(yè)肥料生產(chǎn)卻是一種重要的資源。因此,開發(fā)一種實(shí)現(xiàn)廢水中磷的有效去除和回收的經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效技術(shù)顯得迫在眉睫。在眾多廢水除磷技術(shù)中,吸附法因其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)受到人們的重視,而吸附劑的選擇對(duì)處理效果具有決定性的影響。傳統(tǒng)吸附劑材料大多存在成本高、吸附容量較低、不可降解及循環(huán)利用性較差等問題,為此本課題開發(fā)一種低成本、高吸附能力、易重復(fù)使用且環(huán)境友好的互穿網(wǎng)絡(luò)海藻酸鹽凝膠球用作新型除磷吸附劑,為利用吸附技術(shù)解決污水中磷的有效去除和回收再利用提供新的思路和理論基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)拓展高分子材料在環(huán)境領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。本文通過化學(xué)交聯(lián)法制備互穿網(wǎng)絡(luò)聚N-異丙基丙烯酰胺/海藻酸鋯(PNIPAM/SA-Zr)凝膠球和磁性聚丙烯酰胺/海藻酸鋯(Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr)凝膠球,使用掃描電鏡、傅里葉變換紅外光譜和X射線光電子能譜等手段對(duì)其物化性質(zhì)進(jìn)行表征,通過人工配制含磷廢水研究其吸附磷酸鹽的性能,探討其吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)、等溫線和熱力學(xué)以研究吸附機(jī)理,并考察凝膠球的解吸附、再生及重復(fù)使用性能和固定床吸附柱的吸附性能,以期為海藻酸鹽凝膠球吸附劑的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。本文取得的主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)表征結(jié)果表明制備的PNIPAM/SA-Zr和Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr凝膠球聚合形態(tài)良好,呈球形,具有大孔隙或孔洞,熱穩(wěn)定性和機(jī)械性能良好;特別的,Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr凝膠球具有磁性,在磁場(chǎng)作用下很容易實(shí)現(xiàn)分離。(2)靜態(tài)批次試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:PNIPAM/SA-Zr凝膠球吸附磷酸鹽的最佳條件為溶液pH=2,投加量0.05 g,溫度35℃,其最大吸附量為36.63 mg-P/g;Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr凝膠球吸附磷酸鹽的最佳條件為溶液pH=2,投加量0.05 g,溫度25℃,其最大吸附量高達(dá)42.23 mg-P/g;增加Zr4+含量可以顯著提升凝膠球的吸附能力;SO42-的存在不利于凝膠球吸附磷酸鹽,而Cl-和NO3-幾乎沒有影響;凝膠球具有良好的循環(huán)使用能力,7次吸附-解吸附循環(huán)后球體結(jié)構(gòu)保持完整。(3)磷酸鹽在PNIPAM/SA-Zr和Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr凝膠球上的吸附過程符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型和顆粒內(nèi)部擴(kuò)散模型以及Freundlich吸附等溫模型,表明其受表面吸附和顆粒內(nèi)擴(kuò)散機(jī)制的聯(lián)合控制,且是一種多分子層、非均相吸附過程。吸附熱力學(xué)研究表明其可自發(fā)進(jìn)行,為放熱反應(yīng),吸附后整個(gè)體系的混亂度降低。(4)PNIPAM/SA-Zr和Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr凝膠球吸附磷酸鹽受物理吸附和化學(xué)吸附共同作用,其反應(yīng)機(jī)理為被固化的Zr4+與磷酸根離子發(fā)生了配位絡(luò)合反應(yīng),生成化學(xué)鍵。此外,凝膠球表面的羥基、亞氨基和氨基在酸性條件下發(fā)生質(zhì)子化而帶正電,在靜電力作用下,吸附帶負(fù)電的磷酸根離子。(5)PNIPAM/SA-Zr和Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr凝膠球動(dòng)態(tài)吸附試驗(yàn)表明:進(jìn)水流速過大或進(jìn)水濃度過高會(huì)降低吸附柱的吸附效果,應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況確定。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production and human life, phosphorus wastewater for some reason untreated or standard is discharged into the water, may cause eutrophication problems. However, with the limited nature of phosphorus resources dwindling, phosphorus in the wastewater for agricultural fertilizer production is an important resource. Therefore, the development of a for effective removal of phosphorus in wastewater and recycling economy, high technology is imminent. In many wastewater phosphorus removal technology, adsorption attention because of its unique advantages, and the selection of the adsorbent for treatment effect has a decisive impact. The traditional adsorbent materials are of high cost, low absorption capacity no, the problem of degradation and poor circulation utilization, this paper developed a kind of low cost, high adsorption capacity, alginate interpenetrating network easy to use and environmental friendly The ball is used as a new phosphorus adsorbent, to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for the effective removal and recovery of phosphorus from wastewater by using adsorption technology to solve the reuse, while expanding application of polymer materials in the field of the environment. This paper was prepared by chemical crosslinking of IPN poly N- isopropyl acrylamide / zirconium alginate (PNIPAM/SA-Zr) gel ball and the magnetic polyacrylamide / alginate gel ball, zirconium (Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr) using scanning electron microscopy, Fu Liye transform infrared spectroscopy and X ray photoelectron on their physicochemical properties were characterized by means of spectroscopy, artificial wastewater containing phosphorus on the performance of the adsorption of phosphate, investigate its adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics to study the adsorption mechanism, adsorption solution and the effects of gel balls adsorption, regeneration and reuse performance and fixed bed adsorption column, in order to actual alginate gel ball adsorbent should be Used to provide a theoretical basis. The main research results are as follows: (1) the characterization results show that the prepared PNIPAM/SA-Zr and Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr gel polymerization forms a good spherical shape, with large holes, good thermal stability and mechanical properties; in particular, Fe3O4@PAM/ SA-Zr gel ball with magnetic, under magnetic field is very easy to implement the separation. (2) the static batch test results show that the optimum conditions of PNIPAM/SA-Zr gel balls adsorption phosphate solution is pH=2, the dosage of 0.05 g, temperature 35, the maximum adsorption capacity is 36.63 mg-P/g; the best conditions for Fe3O4@PAM/ SA-Zr gel balls adsorption phosphate solution is pH=2, the dosage of 0.05 g, temperature 25 degrees. The maximum adsorption capacity of up to 42.23 mg-P/g; the adsorption capacity increased the content of Zr4+ can significantly improve the gel ball; SO42- is not conducive to the existence of gel balls adsorption of phosphate, Cl- and NO3- have little effect; gel ball Have good recycling ability, 7 adsorption desorption cycles, the sphere structure remained intact. (3) PNIPAM/SA-Zr and Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr in the adsorption process of phosphate gel ball on pseudo two order kinetics model and particle diffusion model and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model, combined control shows that the surface adsorption and intra particle diffusion the mechanism, and is a kind of multi molecular layer, heterogeneous adsorption process. The adsorption thermodynamics results show that it can be spontaneous, exothermic reactions, reduce the confusion degree after adsorption system. (4) PNIPAM/SA-Zr and Fe3O4@ PAM/SA-Zr gel balls adsorption of phosphate by physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, the reaction mechanism is the complexation reaction of Zr4+ and phosphate ion curing, chemical bond was formed. In addition, the gel ball surface hydroxyl, amino and imino under acidic conditions and protonation Positively charged, adsorbing negatively charged phosphate ions under electrostatic force. (5) dynamic adsorption experiments of PNIPAM/SA-Zr and Fe3O4@PAM/SA-Zr gel balls indicate that excessive influent velocity or excessive inlet water will reduce the adsorption effect of adsorption column, and should be determined according to the actual situation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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本文編號(hào)：1759907