本文選題：青海湖流域 + 多源遙感數(shù)據(jù)��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)50年代以來(lái),青海湖流域草地退化、青海湖面積減小、土地沙漠化面積增加以及生物豐度減少等生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題引起了國(guó)家、當(dāng)?shù)卣拖嚓P(guān)學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境變化趨勢(shì)的研究以及變化原因分析有助于提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí),同時(shí)為政府和國(guó)家制定相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)提供部分參考,最終可以促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文在GIS技術(shù)的支持下,基于多源遙感數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)青海湖流域2000年、2004年、2006年、2009年和2013年五年的生態(tài)環(huán)境狀態(tài)進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),分析了該流域近十幾年來(lái)生態(tài)環(huán)境變化趨勢(shì),最后從自然因素和人為因素兩方面進(jìn)行了歸因分析。論文的主要工作和成果如下:(1)結(jié)合青海湖流域自然環(huán)境和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的特點(diǎn),基于Landsat、MODIS、TRMM、ASTER GDEM和ECMWF ERA-Interim等多源遙感數(shù)據(jù),提取了青海湖流域五年的植被覆蓋度、溫度植被干旱指數(shù)、凈初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力、土地類型、地表溫度、年降雨量、DEM、坡度和風(fēng)速等九種指標(biāo)。利用MODIS土地覆蓋產(chǎn)品,計(jì)算了青海湖流域多年的土地利用轉(zhuǎn)移矩陣和生態(tài)承載力,對(duì)青海湖流域土地利用/覆蓋變化情況進(jìn)行了分析,同時(shí)改進(jìn)了極差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的方法,完成九種指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。(2)分別利用主成分分析法和層次分析法計(jì)算了九種青海湖流域生態(tài)環(huán)境綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重,雖然兩種方法確定的九種指標(biāo)權(quán)重不同,但是最后得到的青海湖流域多年生態(tài)環(huán)境變化趨勢(shì)是一致的。評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明:2000年-2013年,青海湖流域生態(tài)環(huán)境整體上有變好的趨勢(shì),但是在2009年-2013年,生態(tài)環(huán)境略微變差;從該流域空間分布上來(lái)說(shuō),東南部環(huán)青海湖區(qū)域的生態(tài)環(huán)境明顯要好于西北部。(3)從氣候變化和人為因素兩方面分析青海湖流域生態(tài)環(huán)境變化潛在的原因。其中,國(guó)家的關(guān)注和當(dāng)?shù)卣闹匾晫?duì)青海湖流域生態(tài)環(huán)境的改善起到了積極的作用。
[Abstract]:Since the 1950s, grassland degradation in Qinghai Lake basin, the decrease of Qinghai Lake area, the increase of land desertification area and the decrease of biological abundance have attracted the attention of the country, the local government and the related scholars.The study on the trend of ecological environment change and the analysis of the causes of the change can help to improve people's awareness of environmental protection, and provide some references for the government and the country to formulate relevant laws and regulations, which can eventually promote the sustainable development of regional economy.Based on multi-source remote sensing data and supported by GIS technology, this paper evaluates the ecological environment status of Qinghai Lake basin in 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2013, and analyzes the trend of ecological environment change in the last ten years.Finally, the attribution analysis is carried out from two aspects: natural factors and human factors.The main work and results of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the characteristics of natural environment and social economy in Qinghai Lake Basin, and based on the multi-source remote sensing data, such as Landsat-Modesman GDEM and ECMWF ERA-Interim, the vegetation coverage and temperature vegetation drought index of Qinghai Lake basin for five years have been extracted.Net primary productivity, land type, surface temperature, annual rainfall, slope and wind speed.The land use transfer matrix and ecological carrying capacity of Qinghai Lake basin for many years are calculated by using MODIS land cover products. The change of land use / cover in Qinghai Lake basin is analyzed, and the method of range standardization is improved.The weight of nine comprehensive evaluation indexes of ecological environment in Qinghai Lake basin is calculated by principal component analysis and analytic hierarchy process respectively, although the weights of nine indexes determined by the two methods are different.But the trend of ecological environment change in Qinghai Lake basin is consistent.The evaluation results show that the ecological environment of Qinghai Lake basin has a trend of improvement from 2000 to 2013, but in 2009-2013, the ecological environment is slightly worse.The ecological environment around Qinghai Lake in the southeast is obviously better than that in the northwest.) the potential causes of ecological environment change in Qinghai Lake basin are analyzed from the aspects of climate change and human factors.Among them, the attention of the state and the local government has played a positive role in improving the ecological environment of Qinghai Lake basin.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X87;X171.1

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本文編號(hào)：1732950