本文選題：集中式印染廢水　切入點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)化混凝　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：印染廢水被認(rèn)為是最難處理的工業(yè)廢水之一,因?yàn)槠渲泻写罅侩y降解的有機(jī)物、而且具有色度深、成分復(fù)雜、水質(zhì)變化大的特點(diǎn)。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)印染水的處理方法很多,但在實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用中,無(wú)論是在納管處理階段還是達(dá)標(biāo)處理階段,混凝法由于其成本低、經(jīng)濟(jì)性高,可操作性強(qiáng)而被大多數(shù)印染廠廣泛使用。隨著近年來(lái)印染行業(yè)污水排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不斷提高,而且印染廢水中的溶解性有機(jī)物種類繁多、組分復(fù)雜,包括難降解有機(jī)物、有機(jī)物降解中間產(chǎn)物以及溶解性微生物產(chǎn)物等。因此對(duì)印染廢水中的殘余溶解性有機(jī)物的有效控制勢(shì)在必行。而常規(guī)混凝關(guān)注的只是水中的顆粒性物質(zhì)和膠體的去除效果,為了去除水中溶解性有機(jī)物以達(dá)到控制消毒副產(chǎn)物的目的,美國(guó)環(huán)�？偩�(USEPA)推薦了強(qiáng)化混凝作為最佳可行技術(shù)。所謂強(qiáng)化混凝,就是以去除常規(guī)處理中的剩余溶解性有機(jī)物為目的,再通過(guò)調(diào)整p H值或加大混凝劑的投加量的方法,來(lái)加強(qiáng)混凝效果,盡可能地去除水中消毒副產(chǎn)物的前體物(DBPFP)。本研究采用Al_2(SO_4)_3、PFS、Fe Cl_3、、PAC、Fe SO4、Mg SO4 6種有代表性的混凝劑,對(duì)集中式印染廢水處理廠無(wú)錫市某污水處理廠調(diào)節(jié)池出水進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化混凝處理,探討廢水中溶解性有機(jī)物在強(qiáng)化混凝處理過(guò)程中轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律及各種混凝劑對(duì)印染廢水中溶解性有機(jī)物處理的有效性。得到以下主要結(jié)論:(1)原水分子量主要集中在100k Da和1k Da兩個(gè)分子量區(qū)間內(nèi)。該污水處理廠調(diào)節(jié)池出水中:COD_(cr)、UV254在100k Da分子量區(qū)間中所占比例分別為55.29%、36.48%;在1k Da分子量區(qū)間內(nèi),比例為24.66%、23.92%。強(qiáng)化混凝處理之后,大分子有機(jī)物去除效果明顯,小分子有機(jī)物在水中比例劇增。同時(shí),根據(jù)混凝出水后的SUVA值可以表明,強(qiáng)化混凝可以達(dá)到去除該廢水中親水性物質(zhì)的目的。(2)對(duì)于COD_(cr)指標(biāo)而言,在100k Da和1k Da的分子量區(qū)間內(nèi),最有效的混凝劑為FeCl_3;在30-100k Da、10-30k Da和3-10k Da的分子量區(qū)間內(nèi),最有效的混凝劑為Al2(SO4)3。對(duì)于UV254指標(biāo)而言,在100k Da的分子量區(qū)間,Fe SO4和PFS顯示出了最佳效果;對(duì)于30-100k Da分子量區(qū)間,Al_2(SO_4)_3效果最佳;PFS混凝對(duì)分子量區(qū)間在10-30k Da和1-3k Da內(nèi)的有機(jī)物去除效果最佳;在3-10k Da和1k Da分子量區(qū)間內(nèi),Fe Cl_3顯示出了最好的去除效果。(3)原水中憎水中性物(Ho N)和親水性物質(zhì)(HiM)占了絕大部分,分別達(dá)到54.89%、27.36%。而強(qiáng)化混凝的確對(duì)改善水中親疏水性有機(jī)物的比例有效果,對(duì)HoN來(lái)說(shuō),FeCl_3的COD_(cr)去除率達(dá)到73.6%;對(duì)于Ho A來(lái)說(shuō),Al_2(SO_4)_3對(duì)COD_(cr)去除率可達(dá)到98.52%。對(duì)于WHo A和Hi M兩種組分,PAC都顯現(xiàn)出了最佳去除效果。(4)原水中溶解性有機(jī)物分子上的官能團(tuán)主要是苯環(huán)、羥基、酚、醚、酮、酯基以及胺基等。通過(guò)紅外光譜分析和GC-MS譜圖分析結(jié)果可知:PFS對(duì)羥基混凝去除特性好于其他3種絮凝劑;PAC對(duì)含苯環(huán)的有機(jī)物去除效果較差;鐵鹽對(duì)酯類C-O有更好的去除特性。(5)通過(guò)單質(zhì)混凝劑的強(qiáng)化混凝實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析,選定Al_2(SO_4)_3和PFS復(fù)配的方案,并且通過(guò)強(qiáng)化混凝實(shí)驗(yàn)確定最佳配比為:Al2(SO4)3 30%、PFS 70%。(6)通過(guò)紅外光譜結(jié)果分析,復(fù)配混凝劑對(duì)酯、醚、酚、醇類化合物中的C-O伸縮振動(dòng)峰有相較于Al2(SO4)3和PFS單獨(dú)使用時(shí)更好的去除特性。
[Abstract]:Printing and dyeing wastewater is one of the most difficult industrial wastewater treatment, because it contains a lot of organic matter degradation, but also has deep color, complex composition, characteristics of large changes in water quality. At present many processing methods of printing and dyeing water at home and abroad, but in practical engineering applications, both the processing stage in nano tube or standard the processing stage, the coagulation method because of its low cost, high economical efficiency, strong operability and is widely used in printing and dyeing factory. In recent years, with the majority of wastewater discharge standards of printing and dyeing industry continues to improve, and dissolved organic species in dyeing wastewater is various, complex components, including refractory organic compounds, organic intermediate the product and soluble microbial products. So the effective control of the residual dissolved in dyeing wastewater of organic and conventional coagulation. It is imperative to focus only on water particles and colloids to In addition, in order to remove the dissolved organic matter in water in order to control the disinfection by-products, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recommended enhanced coagulation as the best viable technology. The enhanced coagulation is to remove residual dissolved organic matter in conventional processing for the purpose, and by adjusting the p value of H or increase method the dosage of coagulant, to enhance coagulation effect, as far as possible the removal of precursors of disinfection by-products (DBPFP). This study uses the Al_2 (SO_4) _3, PFS, Fe, Cl_3, PAC, Fe, SO4, Mg, SO4 6 kinds of coagulant for centralized treatment printing and dyeing wastewater treatment plant in Wuxi city sewage treatment plant water enhanced coagulation treatment of wastewater of dissolved organic matter in a variety of rules and transformation in enhanced coagulation process of coagulant on effectiveness of dissolved organic matter in the dyeing wastewater treatment. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The molecular weight of raw water mainly concentrated in 100k Da and 1K Da two molecular weight range. The sewage treatment plant effluent pond: COD_ (CR), UV254 100k Da for molecular weight range were 55.29% and 36.48%; in the 1K Da molecular weight range, the ratio was 24.66%, after 23.92%. chemical coagulation treatment, organic matter removal effect, small organic molecules increase in water ratio. At the same time, according to the SUVA value of the effluent of coagulation can show that enhanced coagulation can effectively remove hydrophilic substances in the wastewater. The objective (2) to COD_ (CR) index, in molecular 100k Da and 1K Da content range, the most effective coagulant is FeCl_3; in 30-100k Da, 10-30k Da and 3-10k molecular weight range of Da, the most effective coagulant is Al2 (SO4) for the UV254 3. index, in the range of molecular 100k Da, Fe SO4 and PFS show the best results for 30-100k; Da鍒嗗瓙閲忓尯闂，

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