本文選題：工礦廢棄地　切入點：土壤重金屬污染　出處：《江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“萬物土中生”。作為人類生產(chǎn)生活中重要的自然資源,土壤是人類賴以生存和發(fā)展的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。我國是一個正處于快速發(fā)展階段的發(fā)展中國家,對自然資源的需求量巨大,尤其是對社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展具有重要作用的礦產(chǎn)資源需求劇增,我國城鎮(zhèn)工礦用地規(guī)模增長迅速。由于以前粗放式的生產(chǎn),環(huán)保意識的缺乏以及管理不到位等問題,導(dǎo)致礦產(chǎn)資源在開采、冶煉、運輸?shù)冗^程中排放的“三廢”嚴重污染周邊的土壤,一些長期未經(jīng)治理的金屬礦山廢棄地的土壤重金屬污染嚴重,這將嚴重威脅周邊區(qū)域農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和人體健康。因此,建立工礦廢棄地土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量動態(tài)監(jiān)測體系,開展土壤重金屬污染評價,對指導(dǎo)土壤重金屬污染的恢復(fù)治理,改善并提升工礦廢棄地土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量具有重要意義。基于此,本文選取西南地區(qū)Y縣工礦廢棄地作為研究區(qū),對研究區(qū)土壤和農(nóng)作物進行重金屬采樣和檢測分析,以此為數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合土壤重金屬污染評價和潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價兩種評價方法,綜合評價工礦廢棄地復(fù)墾后土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量,并運用克里金插值法對評價結(jié)果進行可視化,據(jù)此提出研究區(qū)土壤環(huán)境恢復(fù)治理建議。研究結(jié)果表明:1)利用Arcgis中的克里金插值法確定重金屬污染區(qū)域分布特征以及污染程度和范圍,將土壤污染的信息進行空間可視化,進一步量化土壤污染的不確定性,有利于提升區(qū)域土壤重金屬污染評價的準確性;2)由于受該地區(qū)歷史土法煉磺的影響,研究區(qū)土壤酸化嚴重,存在一定程度的土壤重金屬污染,但總體上污染程度不高,且污染區(qū)域主要集中在磺渣堆區(qū)和地勢較低的煉磺區(qū);3)研究區(qū)土壤污染主要為多種重金屬復(fù)合污染,主要污染元素為Cd、Cr和Hg;4)研究區(qū)土壤重金屬污染與土壤理化性質(zhì)具有一定的相關(guān)性;5)研究區(qū)應(yīng)積極采取相應(yīng)的覆土、翻耕、鈍化和生物技術(shù)等綜合措施,根據(jù)不同污染程度開展土壤重金屬污染恢復(fù)治理措施,控制潛在的重金屬污染風(fēng)險,保障區(qū)域范圍內(nèi)作物生長安全和人類身體健康。該研究可以為工礦廢棄地區(qū)開展土壤重金屬污染動態(tài)監(jiān)測,客觀評價土壤重金屬污染程度和范圍,以及有效防治土壤重金屬污染提供一定參考。
[Abstract]:"All the soil". As an important production and life of human beings in natural resources, soil is the material basis for human survival and development. China is a developing country is in a stage of rapid development, demand for natural resources is huge, especially the demand for mineral resources plays an important role in the development of social economy growth. China's industrial and mining land use scale is growing rapidly. Due to extensive production, lack of awareness of environmental protection and management in place and other issues, leading to the mineral resources in mining, smelting, transportation and other emissions in the process of "three wastes" serious pollution of the surrounding soil, some soil heavy metal pollution has long been abandoned metal mine management seriously, this will be a serious threat to the surrounding area of agricultural product quality and human health. Therefore, the establishment of mining waste soil environmental quality monitoring system, to carry out soil heavy metals Pollution assessment, restoration of guidance of the heavy metals pollution, improve and enhance the mining waste soil environmental quality has important significance. Based on this, this paper selects Y County mining wasteland in southwest area as the study area, the study area of heavy metals in soil and crops sampled and analyzed, as the data base, combined with the evaluation of heavy metal pollution in soil and the potential ecological risk assessment of two kinds of evaluation methods, comprehensive evaluation of mining wasteland reclamation soil environmental quality, and using the Kriging interpolation method to visualize the evaluation results, put forward the research of soil environmental restoration suggestions. The research results show that: 1) to determine the regional distribution characteristics of heavy metal pollution and pollution degree and range of using Kriging interpolation method in Arcgis, the spatial visualization of soil pollution information, uncertainty further quantify the soil pollution, favorable To enhance the accuracy of assessment of soil heavy metals pollution in the region; 2) influenced by the region history of indigenous smelting sulfur, soil acidification, soil heavy metal pollution to a certain extent, but the overall pollution level is not high, and the pollution areas are mainly concentrated in the sulfur slag heap area and the low smelting sulfur area; 3) the study area of soil pollution is mainly a variety of heavy metal pollution, the main pollution elements of Cd, Cr and Hg; 4) to study the physicochemical properties of soil heavy metal pollution and soil has certain correlation; 5) the study area should take corresponding soil, tillage, comprehensive measures of passivation and bio technology, according to the to carry out the different pollution degree of soil heavy metal pollution remediation measures, control the potential risk of heavy metal pollution, to protect the area within the scope of crop safety and human health. The study area can be carried out for industrial and mining waste soil The dynamic monitoring of heavy metal pollution, the objective evaluation of the degree and scope of soil heavy metal pollution, and the effective prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution provide a certain reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X53;X826

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