本文選題：新型復(fù)合鈍化劑　切入點(diǎn)：原位修復(fù)　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水體污染是目前較為突出的環(huán)境問題,而底泥污染物的防治是水體污染治理的關(guān)鍵,底泥中積累的大量有毒有害物質(zhì)經(jīng)過一定的交換作用會再次釋放到上覆水體,導(dǎo)致上覆水體的二次污染,因此選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)、生態(tài)、有效的底泥修復(fù)技術(shù)是水體污染治理的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。本研究采用原位修復(fù)技術(shù),分別以南淝河底泥中的污染物為目標(biāo),在模擬河道反應(yīng)器上研究化學(xué)鈍化劑對底泥的修復(fù)效果,同時(shí),利用水生植物綜合治理斛兵塘的黑臭水體,并研究采用水生植物、生物操縱、護(hù)岸生態(tài)改造等生態(tài)綜合治理技術(shù)在治理校園湖泊中的凈化效果。通過大量的室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)和工程實(shí)驗(yàn),得出以下結(jié)論:(1)投加復(fù)合鈍化劑對上覆水體中TN、NH4+-N和TP均有不同程度的凈化效果,且凈化效果隨藥劑量的增加而增強(qiáng),最高去除率分別達(dá)到23.52%、21.79%和81.5%,上覆水體COD去除率隨藥劑投加量增多呈先升后降的趨勢,最高(投加量為600mg/L)達(dá)到57.6%,投加復(fù)合鈍化劑增大了底泥TP含量并促進(jìn)底泥不穩(wěn)態(tài)磷向穩(wěn)定態(tài)磷轉(zhuǎn)化,且投加復(fù)合鈍化劑使不穩(wěn)態(tài)鋅向穩(wěn)定態(tài)鋅轉(zhuǎn)化,且主要轉(zhuǎn)化為殘?jiān)鼞B(tài),1#-5#鋅的殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)分別增加了41.3%,52.7%,49.8%,54.7%,54.2%,但不同處理間差異不顯著。因此,從經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和修復(fù)效果方面綜合分析,以投加量為600mg/L對底泥污染原位修復(fù)較為合適。(2)采用新型復(fù)合鈍化劑、硫酸鋁、硝酸鈣和零價(jià)鐵4種鈍化劑研究對南淝河底泥污染物釋放特征的影響中,底泥中投加Fe0和Ca(NO3)2后上覆水體pH由6.7增大至8.5左右,Eh則呈下降趨勢,投加復(fù)合鈍化劑后上覆水體pH穩(wěn)定在7.5左右,Eh緩慢下降。投加Fe0后對上覆水體COD影響較硝酸鈣小,但實(shí)驗(yàn)前期都會對上覆水體水質(zhì)造成較大影響,投加復(fù)合鈍化劑對底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)的抑制效果最顯著,上覆水COD穩(wěn)定在5mg/L左右,鋁鹽的抑制效果僅次于復(fù)合鈍化劑。底泥中投加4種鈍化劑對底泥TP均有抑制效果,其中新型復(fù)合鈍化劑硝酸鈣硫酸鋁零價(jià)鐵。復(fù)合鈍化劑的投加對底泥TN、NH4+-N有一定抑制效果,而投加硝酸鈣則會增大上覆水體TN、NH4+-N含量,新型復(fù)合鈍化劑對底泥污染物的抑制效果優(yōu)于其他單一鈍化劑。(3)通過對斛兵塘近三個月的水質(zhì)分析,可知采用水生植物、生物操縱、護(hù)岸生態(tài)改造等生態(tài)綜合治理技術(shù)對斛兵塘有很好的修復(fù)效果,水質(zhì)得到極大改善。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí),TN、TP、NH4+-N、COD平均去除率分別達(dá)到76.7%、85%、83.6%、67.5%。(4)斛兵塘的生態(tài)治理增強(qiáng)了水體的自凈能力,水體的透明度達(dá)到0.5米,最好時(shí)能達(dá)到1米左右,水體的顏色恢復(fù)正常,水面清潔無雜物、無藻類等漂浮物,黑臭消除,景觀效果增強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Water pollution is a prominent environmental problem at present, and the prevention and control of sediment pollutants is the key to the control of water pollution. A large number of toxic and harmful substances accumulated in the sediment will be released to the overlying water again after a certain exchange action. As a result of the secondary pollution of the overlying water, the selection of economic, ecological and effective sediment remediation technology is the key and difficult point of water pollution control. The effect of chemical passivating agent on the restoration of sediment was studied in a simulated river reactor. At the same time, the black and smelly water in the pond of Dendrobium was comprehensively treated with aquatic plants, and the biological manipulation was studied. The purification effect of ecological comprehensive management technology such as revetment ecological transformation in the treatment of campus lakes. Through a large number of indoor and engineering experiments, The following conclusions are drawn: (1) addition of compound passivator has different degree of purifying effect on TNN NH _ 4-N and TP in overlying water, and the purification effect increases with the increase of the dosage of the compound passivator. The highest removal rates were 23.52% 21.79% and 81.5%, respectively. The COD removal rate of overlying water increased first and then decreased with the increase of dosage. The highest (dosage of 600 mg / L) reached 57.6%. Adding compound passivator increased the TP content of sediment and promoted the conversion of unstable phosphorus to stable phosphorus, and the addition of compound passivator made unstable zinc to stable zinc. And the residue state which was mainly transformed into residual form, #-zinc, increased by 41.3% and 49.8% respectively, but the difference between different treatments was not significant. Therefore, the comprehensive analysis was made from the aspects of economic cost and effect of restoration. The effect of new compound passivator, aluminum sulfate, calcium nitrate and zero-valent iron on the release characteristics of pollutants from the sediment of Nanfeihe River was studied by using 600 mg / L in situ remediation of sediment pollution. After adding Fe0 and Ca(NO3)2 to the sediment, the pH value of the overlying water increased from 6.7 to about 8.5.The pH value of the overlying water decreased slowly after adding the compound passivator, and the effect of adding Fe0 on the COD of the overlying water was less than that of calcium nitrate. However, in the early stage of the experiment, the water quality of overlying water will be greatly affected. The inhibition effect of adding compound passivating agent on organic matter in sediment is the most significant. The COD of overlying water is stable at about 5 mg / L, The inhibitive effect of aluminum salt is second only to that of compound passivating agent. The addition of four passivating agents into the sediment has an inhibitory effect on TP in the sediment, among which a new compound passivating agent, calcium nitrate, aluminum sulfate, zero valence iron, and the addition of the compound passivating agent have certain inhibitory effects on TNNH _ 4-N in the sediment. The addition of calcium nitrate increased the content of TNN NH _ 4-N in the overlying water, and the inhibition effect of the new compound passivating agent on sediment pollutants was better than that of other single passivating agent. (3) by analyzing the water quality of Dendrobibibing pond in the last three months, we can know that aquatic plants are used and biological manipulation is used. At the end of the experiment, the average removal rate of NH _ 4 -NN _ (4) COD of TNT _ (TPN) was 76.7% and 83.6% respectively) the ecological treatment of Dendrobibibing pond enhanced the self-purification ability of the water body, and the ecological comprehensive treatment technology such as revetment ecological transformation had a good effect on the restoration of Dendrobibibing Pond, and the water quality was greatly improved. The transparency of water reaches 0.5 meters, and the best time is about 1 meter, the color of the water returns to normal, the water surface is clean and free of debris, there is no algae and other floating objects, the black smell is eliminated, and the landscape effect is enhanced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X52

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