本文選題：孔雀石綠　切入點：生物降解　出處：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：三苯甲烷類染料是繼偶氮、蒽酮類染料之后,世界上使用最為廣泛的第三大類染料。廣泛應(yīng)用于造紙業(yè)、紡織業(yè)、醫(yī)藥業(yè)、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)等�？兹甘G化學(xué)官能團三苯甲基化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性高,生物可降解性低,具有高毒、高殘留、致癌和致突變等毒副作用,其排放到環(huán)境中對人類和其他生物的健康構(gòu)成很大的威脅。生物法由于其經(jīng)濟、環(huán)保、操作簡單等優(yōu)點被認(rèn)為是降解此類廢水最為有效的方法,目前已分離篩選出了包括細(xì)菌、真菌、酵母菌等多種降解菌。但尋找能夠更為高效、快速降解孔雀石綠菌種,研究它們的生長降解特性仍具有重要的意義。本課題從某印染廠下水道污泥中分離出一株能高效降解孔雀石綠的菌株,并對該菌株的生理生化、生長降解特性、酶學(xué)特征以及其降解途徑等方面進行研究,以期為三苯甲烷類廢水的處理提供了菌株資源和理論依據(jù)。采用富集培養(yǎng)的方式,從長時間受染料污染的污泥中分離出一株細(xì)菌菌株,能夠較好對孔雀石綠染料進行降解脫色,并將其命名為KL-1。根據(jù)對菌株的形態(tài)及其生理生化特征作研究分析,將菌株KL-1歸屬到假單胞菌屬(Pseudomonas sp.)。本文研究了菌株KL-1的最適生長條件,最適生長溫度為30℃;最適生長p H為7.0;隨著裝液量的增加,菌株生長呈下降趨勢;該菌株可利用碳源較少,在供試碳源中,僅在添加了葡萄糖的的無機鹽培養(yǎng)基中生長較好,在以蛋白胨和酵母粉作為碳源的培養(yǎng)基中生長狀況最好;在供試在氮源中,菌株在無機氮源中均能較好生長,有機氮源蛋白胨和酵母粉較無機氮源對菌株生長的支持作用更為明顯;KL-1生長曲線,0-2h遲滯期,3-6h對數(shù)生長期,6h后進入穩(wěn)定期。在菌株KL-1最適降解條件實驗中,研究表明,在LB培養(yǎng)基中,菌株KL-1在6h內(nèi),可以使得100mg/L的孔雀石綠幾乎完全被降解脫色;降解最適溫度為30℃;菌株在p H7.0~14.0范圍均能很好的降解孔雀石綠,降解脫色率均能達到72%以上;裝液量對KL-1降解孔雀石綠影響較大,脫色率隨著裝液量的增加而減少�？兹甘G的脫色率隨孔雀石綠的初始濃度的升高而降低,當(dāng)初始質(zhì)量濃度≤200mg/L,4 h時,孔雀石綠脫色率達到80%以上;降解譜實驗顯示,菌株KL-1有較為廣泛的降解譜,5d內(nèi)使LB中20mg/L的偶氮類染料甲基紅,三苯甲烷類染料結(jié)晶紫、維多利亞藍(lán)的降解率達到90%以上;溴百里香酚藍(lán)、甲基橙、堿性品紅、蘇丹Ⅲ的降解率也達到56%以上。酶學(xué)特性實驗研究表明:建立酶活反應(yīng)體系,結(jié)果表明菌株KL-1孔雀石綠降解酶主要位于細(xì)胞外,且屬于組成型表達酶;最適酶促反應(yīng)溫度為30℃;最適反應(yīng)p H為7.0;金屬離子Fe~(2+)和Mg~(2+),對該降解酶有少許促進作用,其相對酶活力分別提高了5.26%和3.17%。Ag+、Hg~(2+)、Fe3+、Ca~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)金屬離子均對該降解酶有抑制作用;有機溶劑均對降解酶有不同程度的抑制作用,其中該酶在甲醇和乙醇中相對較為穩(wěn)定,相對酶活力僅減少了10%左右;有機溶劑二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和丙酮對其抑制均較大,其相對酶活力均減少了50%以上。降解途徑實驗表明,該菌株在降解孔雀石綠的過程中,可能的降解產(chǎn)物有兩種:隱性孔雀石綠和苯酚。KL-1降解孔雀石綠的可能途徑為:第一步可能被還原代謝成為脂溶性的隱性孔雀石綠,經(jīng)過進一步的降解,最終氧化裂解和脫甲基生成苯酚。
[Abstract]:Triphenylmethane dye is the azo dyes, after authrone, the world's most widely used third kinds of dyes. Widely used in papermaking industry, textile industry, pharmaceutical industry, aquaculture. The government can group three malachite green methyl benzene high chemical stability, low biodegradability, high toxic, high residue, carcinogenic mutagenesis and other side effects, its emissions to pose a great threat to human health and other biological environment. Biological method because of its economic and environmental protection, simple operation and is considered to be the most effective method for the degradation of this kind of wastewater, has been isolated including bacteria, fungi, yeast, etc. but the search for bacteria. It is more efficient, rapid degradation of Malachite Green strain, still has an important significance to study the growth characteristics of degradation of them. From the sewer sludge in a dyeing plant isolated high drop The solution of malachite green strains, the strain on the physiological and biochemical characteristics, growth and degradation, on Enzymatic Characteristics and the degradation pathway, provide strain resources and theoretical basis in order to triphenylmethane wastewater. By enrichment culture, isolation of a bacterium by dye pollution from long time in the sludge, can be used for decolorization and degradation of malachite green dye, and named it KL-1. analysis based on morphological and physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strain, the strain KL-1 belong to Pseudomonas sp. (Pseudomonas sp.). The optimum growth conditions of strain KL-1 were studied in this paper. The optimum temperature is 30 C; the optimum growth of P H was 7; with the increase of liquid volume, the growth of strains decreased; the strain can use less carbon, in the tested carbon sources, glucose was added only in the inorganic salt medium students Long good, in order to peptone and yeast powder as the carbon source in the medium in the best condition of growth; in the tested nitrogen, strains could grow better in inorganic nitrogen, organic nitrogen source peptone and yeast than inorganic nitrogen sources to support the growth of strains was more obvious; the growth of KL-1 0-2h curve, lag phase, logarithmic growth phase of 3-6h, 6h into the stable. Studies show that under the optimum conditions of strain KL-1 degradation experiment, and in the LB medium, KL-1 strain in 6h, can make the malachite green 100mg/L was almost completely degradation; the degradation of the optimum temperature is 30 DEG C; strain P H7.0~14.0 was a good degradation of malachite green, the decolorization rate could reach more than 72%; a large amount of liquid on KL-1 degradation of malachite green, the decolorization rate decreases with the increase of liquid volume. The rate of decolorization of malachite green with Malachite Green initial concentration increased and decreased 浣，

本文編號：1600080