本文選題：霾污染　切入點：顆粒物　出處：《環(huán)境科學(xué)》2017年09期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：活性氮和硫化合物在大氣顆粒物形成過程中扮演重要角色,但對它們氣相/顆粒相的同步觀測結(jié)果比較缺乏.本研究嘗試基于擴散管的DELTA系統(tǒng)測量氮和硫化合物短時累積濃度,以期捕捉它們在霾污染期間的演變規(guī)律.結(jié)果表明,DELTA系統(tǒng)收集氣態(tài)污染物的擴散管中以及顆粒物濾膜上NH_4~+和NO-3空白干擾較小,適用于研究NH_3、HNO_3、NH_4~+和NO-3的日均濃度,可以作為城市環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測參數(shù)的有效補充;但采樣系統(tǒng)中SO_2-4背景含量較高,僅適合監(jiān)測48 h以上時間尺度的SO_2濃度和周~月尺度SO_2-4濃度,用于大氣硫沉降觀測.北京2016年5月9日~6月7日觀測期間,大氣NH_3、HNO_3、NH_4~+和NO-3濃度具有明顯的逐日演變規(guī)律,呈現(xiàn)出隨著風(fēng)向轉(zhuǎn)變而發(fā)生周期性波動的典型特征;這些含氮污染物與PM_(2.5)、CO、SO_2和NO_2濃度的變化規(guī)律一致,其來源可能與化石燃料燃燒源有關(guān).污染天NH_3、HNO_3、NH_4~+和NO-3濃度約為清潔天的2倍,但還原性氮和氧化性氮的相態(tài)分布在清潔天和污染天無明顯差異;整個觀測期間,HNO_3/NO-3約為1.2,NH_3/NH_4~+為4.5,春夏之交較高的溫度有利于活性氮在氣粒平衡過程中偏向于氣態(tài)形式存在.
[Abstract]:Active nitrogen and sulfur compounds play an important role in the formation of atmospheric particulates, but the simultaneous observation results of their gas phase / particle phase are scarce. In this study, DELTA system based on diffusion tube was used to measure the short-term cumulative concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur compounds. The results show that the NH _ 4 ~ and NO-3 blank interference is small in the diffusion tube and the filter membrane of particulate matter, so it is suitable for studying the daily average concentration of NH _ 3HNO _ 3s and NO-3 in the dispersion tube and the filter membrane of particulate matter, which is suitable for studying the daily concentration of NH _ 3H _ no _ 3s and NH _ 4 ~ and NO-3 in the diffusion tube and the filter membrane of particulate matter. It can be used as an effective supplement to the monitoring parameters of urban ambient air quality, but the background content of SO_2-4 in the sampling system is relatively high, so it is only suitable for monitoring the concentration of SO_2 at the time scale of more than 48 h and the concentration of SO_2-4 at the scale of week to month. During the observation period from May 9th 2016 to June 7th in Beijing, the concentration of NH _ 3HNO _ 3C _ 4 ~ and NO-3 in the atmosphere has obvious daily evolution law, showing the typical characteristic of periodic fluctuation with the wind direction change. These nitrogen-containing pollutants are consistent with the variation of NO_2 and NO_2 concentrations, and their sources may be related to the sources of fossil fuel combustion. In polluted days, the concentrations of NH _ 3N _ 3N _ 3NH _ 4 ~ and NO-3 are about twice as high as those of clean days. However, there is no significant difference between the phase distribution of reductive nitrogen and oxidized nitrogen in clean and polluted days, and during the whole observation period, the number of HNO3 / No-3 is about 1.2 ~ 4.5. The higher temperature between spring and summer is favorable to the existence of active nitrogen in the process of gas-particle equilibrium.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院大氣物理研究所大氣邊界層物理和大氣化學(xué)國家重點實驗室;中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院教育部植物-土壤相互作用實驗室;中國科學(xué)院生態(tài)環(huán)境研究中心城市與區(qū)域生態(tài)國家重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(41405144,41425007) 國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0800302,2016YFC0201802,2017YFC0210101) 北京市科委科技創(chuàng)新中心建設(shè)戰(zhàn)略研究及專家咨詢專項研究項目(Z171100003217064)
【分類號】：X831

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