本文選題：漆酶　切入點：底物　出處：《生物技術(shù)通報》2017年10期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：漆酶是一種含銅離子的多酚氧化酶,廣泛存在于植物及真菌中。漆酶含特有的銅離子,其功能為傳遞結(jié)構(gòu)中的電子,使漆酶具有了較強的氧化還原能力,能與木質(zhì)素、胺類化合物、芳香化合物等底物發(fā)生作用,且大多數(shù)反應(yīng)的唯一產(chǎn)物為水。目前,漆酶在降解多種有毒物質(zhì)和有害污染物方面表現(xiàn)出高效、成本較低的特性,如白腐真菌所產(chǎn)的高水平漆酶已廣泛成熟應(yīng)用在工業(yè)廢水處理等生物整治和修復(fù)領(lǐng)域。近年來最新研究利用載體固定化酶的技術(shù)使漆酶能夠在使用后回收反復(fù)利用且更具有穩(wěn)定性,這降低成本的同時還保持了漆酶催化氧化的特性,克服了不少漆酶在解決環(huán)境污染中出現(xiàn)的問題。利用介體的介導(dǎo)作用解決了漆酶氧化還原電勢較低的問題,大量增多了可降解底物的種類,使其在廢水處理、污染物降解、土壤修復(fù)、工業(yè)染料漂白等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用前景更廣闊。對現(xiàn)有漆酶應(yīng)用于各領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行研究總結(jié),綜述了降解各領(lǐng)域中的有害污染物等底物種類,提出了利用漆酶的降解過程中的現(xiàn)有不足和改進(jìn)方向,以期為生物法降解環(huán)境污染物的研究提供參考。
[Abstract]:Laccase is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase widely found in plants and fungi. Laccase contains unique copper ions, and its function is to transfer electrons in the structure, which makes laccase have a strong redox ability and can interact with lignin. Amines, aromatic compounds and other substrates act, and the only product of most reactions is water. At present, laccase is characterized by its high efficiency and low cost in the degradation of many toxic substances and harmful pollutants. For example, the high level laccase produced by white rot fungi has been widely used in bioremediation and remediation fields such as industrial wastewater treatment. In recent years, the technique of immobilization of laccase by carrier has been newly studied so that laccase can be recycled after use. Used and more stable, This reduces the cost while maintaining the characteristics of laccase catalytic oxidation, and overcomes the problems of many laccase in solving the environmental pollution. The low redox potential of laccase is solved by mediating the mediators. A large number of degradable substrates are widely used in wastewater treatment, pollutant degradation, soil remediation, industrial dye bleaching and so on. In this paper, the kinds of substrates in degradation of harmful pollutants in various fields are reviewed, and the existing deficiencies and improvement directions in the degradation process of laccase are put forward in order to provide a reference for the study of biodegradation of environmental pollutants.
【作者單位】： 桂林理工大學(xué)化學(xué)與生物工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(21467006)
【分類號】：Q814.9;X505

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