本文選題：三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水　切入點(diǎn)：白泥浸出液　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文試圖尋求一種經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效、環(huán)保的方法去除三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水中的乳化油。將制堿工業(yè)廢渣白泥作為處理劑,經(jīng)鹽酸酸浸后得到白泥浸出液,將所得浸出液投加到三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水中原位生成新生相混合氫氧化物,利用新生相氫氧化物粒徑小、表面自由能高和表面電荷密度高的特點(diǎn)原位處理三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水。通過(guò)X射線(xiàn)熒光技術(shù)(XRF)對(duì)白泥粉末進(jìn)行分析,確定其主要化學(xué)組成;利用高分辨透射電鏡(HRTEM)對(duì)新生相混合氫氧化物吸附前后形貌進(jìn)行觀察,分析吸附前后微觀形貌的變化的原因;利用X射線(xiàn)衍射技術(shù)(XRD)對(duì)吸附前后的混合氫氧化物晶體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,確定主要物相組成;通過(guò)傅里葉變換紅外光譜(FT-IR)對(duì)吸附前后混合氫氧化物表面官能團(tuán)進(jìn)行分析,確定表面化學(xué)組成;通過(guò)Zeta電位分析新生相混合氫氧化物帶電性及電荷密度進(jìn)行分析表征。在堿性條件下,向三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水中投加白泥浸出液,研究了白泥浸出液的投加量、體系初始pH值、接觸時(shí)間以及反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)乳化油去除率的影響,并結(jié)合熱力學(xué)分析與表征手段進(jìn)一步探討了白泥浸出液去除乳化油機(jī)理。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)XRF結(jié)果表明,白泥主要成分為CaO和MgO,此外還含有少量Fe_2O_3和Al_2O_3。通過(guò)HRTEM和XRD測(cè)得新生相混合氫氧化物主要由Ca(OH)_2和Mg(OH)_2納米顆粒組成,新生相混合氫氧化物納米顆粒通過(guò)顆粒間毛細(xì)凝聚力形成三維網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)白泥經(jīng)鹽酸酸浸處理后得到白泥浸出液,將浸出液投加到三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水中,利用原位生成的混合氫氧化物去除乳化油是切實(shí)可行的。處理后沉淀經(jīng)鹽酸溶解后可回收原油,得到的含鹽溶液也可作為處理劑循環(huán)使用,循環(huán)使用次數(shù)達(dá)到4次以上。(3)利用白泥浸出液處理三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水,當(dāng)白泥浸出液的投加量為4.0 g/L(以固含量計(jì)),三元復(fù)合驅(qū)采出水初始pH為12.0,接觸時(shí)間為6 min,反應(yīng)溫度為10℃時(shí),去除效果最佳,去除率可達(dá)99%以上。(4)新生相混合氫氧化物吸附乳化油過(guò)程中,氫鍵和靜電引力是主要作用力。MOH+/M(OH)2顆粒與顆粒間的毛細(xì)凝聚力以及MOH+/M(OH)2顆粒與乳化油之間的毛細(xì)粘著力對(duì)吸附/共沉淀過(guò)程都起到了重要作用。(5)通過(guò)熱力學(xué)計(jì)算得到,△G0的數(shù)值介于-9.92K J/mol到-7.87 KJ/mol之間,表明新生相混合氫氧化物吸附乳化油過(guò)程屬于物理吸附,△G0隨溫度升高增加,表明高溫不利于吸附共沉淀的進(jìn)行;△H00表明吸附共沉淀是放熱反應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to seek an economical, efficient and environmentally friendly method to remove emulsified oil from the produced water by ASP flooding. The white sludge of alkali making industrial waste is used as the treatment agent, and the leachate of white mud is obtained by acid leaching with hydrochloric acid. The leaching solution was added to the produced water of ASP flooding to produce new mixed hydroxides in situ, and the size of the new phase hydroxide was small. The characteristics of high surface free energy and high surface charge density are in situ treatment of ternary composite flooding effluent. The main chemical composition of white mud powder is determined by X ray fluorescence technique (XRF). High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to observe the morphology of mixed hydroxides before and after adsorption. The crystal structure of mixed hydroxides before and after adsorption was analyzed by X-ray diffraction technique, and the main phase composition was determined, and the surface functional groups of mixed hydroxides before and after adsorption were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface chemical composition was determined, the charge property and charge density of new phase mixed hydroxide were analyzed and characterized by Zeta potential analysis. In alkaline condition, white mud leachate was added to the recovery water of ASP flooding. The effects of the dosage of white mud leachate, the initial pH value of the system, the contact time and the reaction temperature on the removal rate of emulsified oil were studied. Combined with thermodynamic analysis and characterization, the mechanism of removing emulsified oil from white mud leachate was further discussed. The main components of the white mud are CaO and MgO, in addition, there are a small amount of Fe_2O_3 and Als _ 2O _ 3.The results of HRTEM and XRD show that the mixed hydroxides are mainly composed of Ca(OH)_2 and Mg(OH)_2 nanoparticles. The neophase mixed hydroxide nanoparticles formed a three-dimensional network structure through the capillary cohesion between the particles. The white mud was treated with hydrochloric acid to obtain the white mud leaching solution. The leaching solution was added to the water produced by the ASP flooding. It is feasible to remove emulsified oil by using in situ mixed hydroxide. After the precipitation is dissolved in hydrochloric acid, the crude oil can be recovered, and the salt-containing solution can also be used as a treatment agent. The recycling times are more than 4 times.) White mud leachate is used to treat the produced water from ASP flooding. When the dosage of white mud leachate is 4.0 g / L (measured by solid content, the initial pH value is 12.0, the contact time is 6 min, the reaction temperature is 10 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1590002