本文關鍵詞： 化學鍍Ni-P涂層 超疏水/超親油油水分離網(wǎng)膜 油水分離 不銹鋼　出處：《重慶理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,石油的開采與利用已經(jīng)成為了人們不可或缺的一部分,然而石油開采和油品使用過程中油造成的嚴重水污染問題一直是環(huán)境保護和資源利用領域的一大難題。目前,含油廢水的處理工藝主要有:重力分離法、氣浮法、油吸收法等。在這些處理工藝中,又存在著效率低、成本高等問題。隨著特殊表面潤濕性功能材料的不斷研發(fā),超親水超疏油材料、超疏水超親油材料以及超雙疏材料,在含油廢水處理,以及油水分離方面表現(xiàn)出了明顯的優(yōu)勢,使其成為了油水分離領域重要的功能材料。基于油水分離功能材料建立的化工分離過程在實際工業(yè)領域具有較大的應用前景。本文以不銹鋼金屬絲網(wǎng)作為基底,通過絲網(wǎng)材料表面改性、化學鍍Ni-P鍍層,并接枝FAS,成功制備了超疏水/超親油網(wǎng)膜材料,并對其結構進行了表征,研究了材料的油水分離性能。得到的重要結論如下:(1)以不銹鋼絲網(wǎng)為基底,通過化學鍍Ni-P的方法在表面構造微納結構,然后用低表面能的三氧甲基硅氧烷進行修飾的方法,制備得到了超疏水超親油不銹鋼絲網(wǎng)膜。對網(wǎng)膜表面進行了XRD、SEM、EDS表征和接觸角測量,研究了不同濃度Ni-P化學鍍?nèi)芤簩Ρ砻嫘蚊病⒔佑|角和油水分離性能的影響。研究結果表明,經(jīng)過Ni-P化學鍍之后的不銹鋼表面覆蓋著大量的致密的Ni-P鍍層,鍍層結構呈緊密聯(lián)系的球形顆粒狀。在最佳制備工藝條件下,得到的超疏水網(wǎng)膜接觸角能夠達到167.9±2.1°。(2)以不銹鋼絲網(wǎng)為基底,通過化學鍍Ni-P-納米ZrO_2,制備得到了超疏水的不銹鋼絲網(wǎng)膜表面,并對網(wǎng)膜表面進行了SEM、EDS表征和水接觸角測量。研究表明,Ni-P-納米ZrO_2涂層后的不銹鋼絲網(wǎng)膜表面具有致密的微—納粗糙結構以及納—納粗糙結構。這種結構與表面疏水性的Ni-P涂層協(xié)同作用使得表面呈現(xiàn)出超疏水性能。(3)以模擬地熱水為腐蝕液,對復合鍍Ni-P納米ZrO_2不銹鋼絲網(wǎng)進行耐腐蝕性研究。結果表明,NiCl_2·6H_2O作為主鹽所得到的網(wǎng)膜具有較好的耐腐蝕性能。(4)采用一種自行設計的重力體系的油水分離裝置進行了柴油—水混合物的分離實驗。結果表明,在NiSO_4·6H_2O濃度為50g/L,C_3H_6O_3濃度為20mg/L,Na_3C_6H_5O_7·2H_2O濃度為40g/L,C_2H_3O_2Na濃度為40g/L,NaH2PO_2濃度為40g/L條件下,所制備得到的網(wǎng)膜的油水分離效率能夠達到96.8%,并且重復使用30次以上分離效率依然能夠達到95%以上。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry, the exploitation and utilization of petroleum has become an indispensable part of people. However, the serious water pollution caused by oil in the process of oil production and oil use has always been a major problem in the field of environmental protection and resource utilization. At present, the treatment of oily wastewater mainly includes gravity separation, gas floatation, In these processes, there are many problems such as low efficiency and high cost. With the development of special surface wettable functional materials, super hydrophilic and super hydrophobic materials, super hydrophobic and super hydrophobic materials, and super double hydrophobic materials, In the treatment of oily wastewater, as well as in the separation of oil and water showed obvious advantages, The chemical separation process based on the oil-water separation function material has a great application prospect in the practical industrial field. In this paper, stainless steel wire mesh is used as the substrate. The superhydrophobic / super-oil-lipophilic omentum material was prepared by surface modification, electroless plating of Ni-P coating and grafting of FAS.The structure of the superhydrophobic / super-oil-lipophilic omentum was characterized. The oil and water separation properties of the materials were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) using stainless steel wire mesh as the substrate, the micro-nano structure was formed on the surface by electroless Ni-P plating, and then modified with trioxomethylsiloxane with low surface energy. The superhydrophobic super-oil-lipophilic stainless steel mesh film was prepared. The surface of the omentum was characterized by XRDX SEMS-EDS and the contact angle was measured. The effects of different concentration of Ni-P electroless plating solution on the surface morphology, contact angle and oil-water separation performance were studied. The surface of stainless steel after Ni-P electroless plating is covered with a large number of dense Ni-P coatings. The structure of the coating is spherical and granular. The contact angle of superhydrophobic omentum can reach 167.9 鹵2.1 擄路m2) the surface of super-hydrophobic stainless steel mesh film was prepared by electroless plating of Ni-P- nano-ZrO-2 on stainless steel wire mesh. The surface of stainless steel wire mesh coated with Ni-P- nano ZrO_2 coating has dense micro-nano rough structure and nano-nano rough structure. The synergistic effect of waterborne Ni-P coating makes the surface superhydrophobic. The corrosion resistance of composite Ni-P nanocrystalline ZrO_2 stainless steel wire mesh was studied. The results show that the omentum obtained by using NiCl2 路6H / S 2O as main salt has better corrosion resistance. The separation experiment of diesel-water mixture was carried out. Under the condition that NiSO_4 路6H2O concentration is 50 g / L _ (C) _ S _ 3H _ 6O _ 3, the density is 20 mg / L / L / L ~ (~ 3) ~ ~ ~ _ _ _
【學位授予單位】：重慶理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ051.893;X74

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