本文關鍵詞： 煤炭礦區(qū) 復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng) 協(xié)同管理 序參量 機制　出處：《山東工商學院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：煤炭資源在我國的能源結構中占有相當大的比重,是國民經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的能源基礎。但是,煤炭資源的開采過程也造成了十分嚴重的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題,使得煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康狀況受到了嚴重的影響,這不僅是采煤技術的問題,更多的是生態(tài)管理問題。本文基于對煤炭礦區(qū)經(jīng)濟、資源、社會、生態(tài)子系統(tǒng)的分析以及煤炭礦區(qū)生態(tài)管理利益相關者關系的分析,從煤炭礦區(qū)協(xié)同管理的角度,借鑒國內(nèi)外的先進研究成果,綜合運用復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理理論、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、協(xié)同管理理論對煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理進行系統(tǒng)的研究,進而設計煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理的相關機制,具有重要的理論意義與現(xiàn)實意義。以煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理理論為基礎,系統(tǒng)分析研究煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理的內(nèi)涵與特征,分析其協(xié)同管理構架:在整個礦區(qū)范圍內(nèi),對礦區(qū)中大尺度和較長時間尺度上研究煤炭礦區(qū)子系統(tǒng)之間的相互作用,并將煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理利益相關者定義為地方政府、礦區(qū)居民以及煤炭企業(yè)三類。探討其協(xié)同管理的重點問題為煤炭礦區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題、監(jiān)管主體權責狀況與監(jiān)管力度問題、利益相關者之間的沖突問題三個方面。以協(xié)同學理論為基礎,建立礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理評價模型,通過對影響煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理的因素進行分析,構建礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理的參量指標體系,運用層次分析法、熵值法將各級指標合成綜合類指標,通過所構建的評價模型選擇礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理的序參量并評價系統(tǒng)協(xié)同程度。應用龍口礦區(qū)2005年至2014年的數(shù)據(jù)對所建模型進行實證研究。并對煤炭礦區(qū)協(xié)同暢通度進行了計算,得出龍口礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同演化的序參量為生態(tài)類參量。確立煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理的總體目標為:通過一定的協(xié)同措施與機制使得因開采煤炭資源而引起的地表塌陷能得到及時恢復與重建、煤矸石能得到有效的利用,礦井水得到凈化處理,使礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)趨于健康。運用管理協(xié)同理論,基于礦區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)生動力,根據(jù)煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理期望水平與實際水平差距的評估建立其協(xié)同管理的形成機制,同時分析管理期望目標實現(xiàn)的制約因素,從目標協(xié)同、主體協(xié)同、手段協(xié)同、居民參與、信息反饋平臺構建、資金技術的支持等方面規(guī)范礦區(qū)利益相關者的行為,構建煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理的實現(xiàn)機制。為了促使協(xié)同管理機制的順利實施,建立貫穿于形成機制與實現(xiàn)機制當中的約束機制,包括煤炭礦區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理現(xiàn)狀評估制度、法律、法規(guī)、居民監(jiān)督等多方約束,以期改善煤炭礦區(qū)復合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同管理現(xiàn)狀。
[Abstract]:The coal resource occupies a considerable proportion in the energy structure of our country and is the energy base for the steady development of the national economy. However, the mining process of the coal resources also causes very serious ecological and environmental problems. It is not only a question of coal mining technology, but also a problem of ecological management. This paper based on the coal mining area economy, resources, society, the coal mining area complex ecosystem health condition has been seriously affected, this is not only the coal mining technology question, more is the ecological management question. The analysis of ecological subsystem and the analysis of stakeholder relationship of ecological management in coal mining area, from the angle of cooperative management of coal mining area, using the advanced research results at home and abroad for reference, using the theory of compound ecosystem management synthetically. The theory of sustainable development and the theory of cooperative management are used to systematically study the management of complex ecosystem in coal mining area, and then the related mechanism of cooperative management of complex ecosystem in coal mining area is designed. It is of great theoretical and practical significance. Based on the management theory of complex ecosystem in coal mining area, the connotation and characteristics of compound ecosystem management in coal mining area are systematically analyzed and studied. The framework of cooperative management is analyzed. In the whole mining area, the interaction between subsystems of coal mining area is studied on the medium and large scale and longer time scale. The stakeholders of complex ecosystem management in coal mining area are defined as local government, mining area residents and coal enterprises. The key problem of cooperative management is the ecological environment of coal mining area. Based on the theory of synergy, the evaluation model of cooperative management of mining area complex ecosystem is established. Based on the analysis of the factors that affect the cooperative management of the complex ecosystem in coal mining area, the parameter index system of the cooperative management of the complex ecosystem in the mining area is constructed. The indexes of all levels are synthesized by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy method. Based on the established evaluation model, the order parameters of cooperative management of complex ecosystem in mining area are selected and the degree of system synergy is evaluated. The data from 2005 to 2014 in Longkou mining area are used to make an empirical study on the model. The synergetic smoothness is calculated. It is concluded that the order parameter of synergistic evolution of complex ecosystem in Longkou mining area is ecological parameter. The overall goal of cooperative management of complex ecosystem in coal mining area is: through certain cooperative measures and mechanism, the coal mining capital can be exploited. The surface collapse caused by the source can be restored and rebuilt in time. Coal gangue can be used effectively, mine water is purified and treated, so that the complex ecosystem of mining area tends to be healthy. Based on the theory of management synergy, based on the endogenous motive force of sustainable development of mining area, According to the evaluation of the gap between the expected level and the actual level of the coal mining area complex ecosystem management, the forming mechanism of the cooperative management is established. At the same time, the restrictive factors of the realization of the management expectation goal are analyzed, including the goal coordination, the main body coordination and the means coordination. In order to promote the smooth implementation of cooperative management mechanism, residents' participation, information feedback platform construction, financial technology support and other aspects standardize the behavior of stakeholders in mining area, and construct the cooperative management mechanism of coal mining area complex ecosystem. Establishing a constraint mechanism that runs through the formation mechanism and the realization mechanism, including the evaluation system, laws, regulations, resident supervision and other constraints of the present situation of the ecosystem management in coal mining areas, In order to improve the coal mining area complex ecosystem cooperative management status.
【學位授予單位】：山東工商學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X322;X752

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