本文關鍵詞： 二氧化鈦 水滑石 氧化亞銅 氣相甲苯　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近幾年來,霧霾污染和室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量問題日漸嚴重,揮發(fā)性有機污染物(VOCs)作為霧霾和室內(nèi)大氣污染的主要污染源之一,也因此受到了人們的廣泛關注。光催化降解VOCs是目前最具有應用前景的環(huán)境友好凈化技術之一。在眾多光催化劑中,Ti02作為一種無毒無害、光穩(wěn)定性好、廉價易得、對污染物降解徹底的半導體催化劑,已經(jīng)成為目前應用最為廣泛的半導體光催化劑。但是,Ti02作為光催化劑降解VOCs仍然存在著以下缺陷:(1)在光催化降解過程中,TiO2受光激發(fā)產(chǎn)生的電子-空穴對復合機率大;(2)Ti02的寬禁帶度較寬(3.2eV),光能利用率低,只能利用太陽光中的紫外光部分。因此,目前改進Ti02光催化技術的重點集中在了提高TiO2光生電子-空穴的分離效率和擴大Ti02對可見光的響應范圍上。本論文分別通過將二氧化鈦與水滑石、氧化亞銅兩種金屬氧化物復合,有效提高了二氧化鈦的光催化效率和可見光利用率。主要研究成果如下:(1)本文提出利用紫外分光光度法原位檢測氣相甲苯濃度的方法;紫外分光光度法操作簡單,測試費用少,分析速度快。通過繪制標準曲線、測試精密度和穩(wěn)定性,確定了紫外可見分光光度法檢測甲苯濃度的可行性;(2)通過共沉淀法和水解法成功制備了以水滑石(LDHs)作為基底的復合型光催化劑Ti02-LDHs,并從各項表征結(jié)果中觀察到晶體Ti02與LDHs復合情況良好;在模擬光照射下,催化劑Ti02-LDHs對濃度為171.6mg/m3的氣相甲苯的降解率達到了 86%,在實際太陽光下達到了 92%;在重復實驗中,重復使用4次后,TiO2-LDHs對于氣相甲苯的降解率依然保持在60%以上;(3)通過水解法和還原法成功制備了結(jié)晶性良好的復合型光催化劑Ti02-Cu20;通過表征測試,觀察到復合催化劑Ti02-Cu20形成了 p-n異質(zhì)結(jié),具有可見光活性;在光催化降解甲苯的具體實驗中,催化劑Ti02-Cu20在模擬光下對濃度為171.6 mg/m3的氣相甲苯降解率達到了 79%,在可見光下達到了 70%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, haze pollution and indoor air quality problems have become more and more serious. Volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) are one of the main sources of haze and indoor air pollution. Photocatalytic degradation of VOCs is one of the most promising environmentally friendly purification technologies. Semiconductor catalysts, which have good photostability, low cost and easy to obtain, have become the most widely used semiconductor photocatalysts for the complete degradation of pollutants. Ti02 as a photocatalyst for VOCs degradation still has the following defects: 1) in the photocatalytic degradation process, the electron-hole recombination probability of the photoexcited VOCs is high. The wide band gap of Ti02 is 3.2eV ~ (-1), and the utilization ratio of light energy is low, only the ultraviolet part of the solar light can be utilized. At present, the emphasis of improving Ti02 photocatalytic technology is to improve the efficiency of TiO2 photogenerated electron-hole separation and expand the response range of Ti02 to visible light. Talc. Cuprous oxide is a composite of two kinds of metal oxides. The photocatalytic efficiency and visible light utilization ratio of titanium dioxide are improved effectively. The main research results are as follows: (1) in this paper, the method of in situ detection of gas phase toluene by UV spectrophotometry is proposed. UV spectrophotometry is simple in operation, low in testing cost and fast in analytical speed. By drawing standard curve, measuring precision and stability, the feasibility of determination of toluene concentration by UV-Vis spectrophotometry is determined. (2) the composite photocatalyst Ti02-LDHs with hydrotalcite as substrate was prepared by co-precipitation method and hydrolysis method. From the results of various characterization, it was observed that the crystal Ti02 and LDHs were in good combination. Under simulated light irradiation, the degradation rate of gas phase toluene with 171.6 mg / m ~ 3 concentration of catalyst Ti02-LDHs reached 86% and reached 92% in actual solar light. In the repeated experiment, the degradation rate of TiO2-LDHs to gaseous toluene remained above 60% after repeated use for 4 times. (3) Ti02-Cu20, a composite photocatalyst with good crystallinity, was successfully prepared by hydrolysis and reduction. The p-n heterojunction was observed in Ti02-Cu20 with visible light activity. In the experiment of photocatalytic degradation of toluene, the degradation rate of toluene in gaseous phase with 171.6 mg/m3 concentration reached 79% under simulated light. It reaches 70 in visible light.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X51

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