本文關(guān)鍵詞： 城市景觀水體 表觀污染 流速 影響因素 相關(guān)分析　出處：《蘇州科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近幾年,因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)體制的改革,農(nóng)村城鎮(zhèn)的人口大量涌入城市,導(dǎo)致城市人口的大量增長(zhǎng),生活污水和工業(yè)廢水的排放導(dǎo)致城市河道黑臭和富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)重。蘇州作為長(zhǎng)三角著名的旅游城市,人口眾多,城市水體表觀污染嚴(yán)重。讓城市中的水體動(dòng)起來(lái)是目前治理城市河道的主要方法。水體在流動(dòng)的過(guò)程中,可以增加水中的溶解氧,從而加快微生物對(duì)水中有機(jī)物及營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽的降解速率,在一定的流速下,可以抑制水中的藻類生長(zhǎng),防止水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化的發(fā)生。目前有較多研究者通過(guò)讓水體流動(dòng)來(lái)改善城市河道水質(zhì),但這一過(guò)程中是否由于改變了流速引起的以及流速如何影響城市表觀污染都不明確。基于此,本文主要以蘇州市古城區(qū)的河道水體為研究對(duì)象,探究流速和水體表觀之間的關(guān)系,并從影響水體表觀的影響因素角度和粒徑角度對(duì)流速對(duì)水體表觀的作用機(jī)制進(jìn)行分析。得出以下結(jié)論:(1)研究區(qū)域內(nèi),流速在0.031~1.009m/s,SPI值在17.933~77.095之間,在該研究范圍內(nèi),流速與SPI值顯著正相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.343(p0.05)。隨著流速的增大,SPI值先逐漸增加,然后保持在一定水平下不變,流速對(duì)水體表觀具有較大影響。(2)流速對(duì)不同污染類型的河道表觀污染的影響方式不一樣。對(duì)于以無(wú)機(jī)型河道為主的臨頓河上游,流速范圍為0.414~1.009m/s,隨著流速的增大,SPI值呈下降的趨勢(shì),影響顯著;以營(yíng)養(yǎng)主導(dǎo)型為主的官太尉河(官太尉橋河段)、護(hù)城河(齊門橋河段)和九曲港(盤蠡橋河段)等,流速范圍為0.058~0.776,營(yíng)養(yǎng)型水體的SPI值基本在45以下,隨著流速的增大,SPI值變化并不明顯;以混合型為主的平門小河(單家橋河段)、桃花塢河(桃塢橋河段)、臨頓河下游(醋坊橋河段)、平江河(東潘儒巷河段)等,流速范圍為0.009~0.781,隨著流速的增加,SPI值呈線性增加且影響顯著。(3)研究區(qū)域內(nèi),水體粒度分布基本成單峰分布,三種類型的水體分選性極好,屬于極正偏,且峰態(tài)很尖銳。對(duì)于無(wú)機(jī)型河道,流速主要作用水中的顆粒態(tài)營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽含量來(lái)影響水體的SPI值,且無(wú)機(jī)型水體中粗端粒徑大小大于混合型和營(yíng)養(yǎng)型;針對(duì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)型河道,流速主要通過(guò)作用水中的藻類來(lái)影響水體的SPI值,但是影響不顯著;針對(duì)混合型河道,流速通過(guò)作用水中的藻類、無(wú)機(jī)懸浮物含量從而影響水體的SPI值,并且隨著流速的增加,水體的無(wú)機(jī)化水平增加,水體處于向無(wú)機(jī)型水體過(guò)渡的階段。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the reform of the economic system, the population of rural towns has poured into cities, resulting in a large number of urban population growth. As a famous tourist city of Yangtze River Delta, Suzhou has a large population due to the discharge of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, which leads to the increasingly serious phenomenon of black-smelling and eutrophication in urban watercourses. The apparent pollution of urban water body is serious. It is the main method to control the urban river channel to move the water body in the city. The dissolved oxygen in water can be increased in the process of water flow. In order to accelerate the microbial degradation rate of organic matter and nutrients in water, at a certain flow rate, can inhibit the growth of algae in water. To prevent the occurrence of eutrophication, there are more researchers to improve the water quality of urban watercourses through the flow of water. However, it is not clear whether it is caused by changing the velocity of flow and how the velocity affects the apparent pollution of the city. Based on this, this paper mainly takes the river body of ancient urban area of Suzhou as the research object. Explore the relationship between velocity and water surface, and analyze the action mechanism of velocity on water surface from the angle of influencing factors and particle size. Draw the following conclusion: 1) in the study area. The velocity of flow was 0.031 ~ 1.009 m / s ~ (-1) m 路s ~ (-1). The SPI value was 17.933 ~ 77.095. In the range of the study, the velocity of flow was positively correlated with the SPI value. The correlation coefficient is 0.343p0.050.The SPI value increases gradually with the increase of flow rate, and then remains unchanged at a certain level. Velocity has great influence on the surface of water body. (2) the effect of velocity on the apparent pollution of different types of river channels is different, for the upper reaches of Linton River, where there is no type of river channel. The velocity range was 0.414 ~ 1.009 m / s, and the SPI value decreased with the increase of flow velocity, and the effect was significant. The main nutrition type is Guantai Wei River (Guantai Wei Bridge reach), moat River (Qimenqiao reach) and Jiuqu Port (Panliqiao reach). The velocity range is 0.058 ~ 0.776. The SPI value of nutritious water was below 45, and the change of SPI value was not obvious with the increase of velocity. The mixed type of Pingmen River (Danjiaqiao reach, Taohuawu River), the lower reaches of the Linton River (vinegar Fang Bridge reach, Pingjiang River (East Panru River), etc.) are mainly composed of the mixed type of the Pingmen River (Danjiaqiao reach), the Taohuawu River (Taowu Bridge Section) and the lower Linton River. The velocity range is 0.009 ~ 0.781.The SPI value increases linearly with the increase of flow velocity and the influence is significant.) in the study area, the particle size distribution of water is basically a single peak distribution. The separation of the three types of water is excellent, which belongs to the extreme positive deviation, and the peak state is very sharp. For the channel without model, the velocity of flow mainly affects the content of granular nutrients in the water to affect the SPI value of the water. And the diameter of coarse end in the water without model is larger than that of mixed type and nutrition type. For the nutritious river, the velocity of flow mainly affects the SPI value of the water by the algae in the water, but the effect is not significant. For the mixed channel, the flow velocity affects the SPI value of the water through the effect of algae and inorganic suspended matter content in the water, and with the increase of the velocity, the inorganic level of the water increases. The water body is in the stage of transition to no model water body.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X52

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