本文關(guān)鍵詞： 含砷石膏渣 水泥固化 預(yù)煅燒 強(qiáng)化機(jī)制 浸出毒性　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：有色冶金行業(yè)在生產(chǎn)銅、鎳、鉛、鋅、錫過程中,使用石灰鐵鹽法處理的酸性廢水,處理后得到含砷石膏渣。大約有將近100萬噸含不同金屬元素的污泥儲藏在安全場中,若不處理直接堆存會污染周圍的土地資源,甚至影響地下水資源。一旦人體攝入過量的砷,會影響人類的身體健康。所以,含砷石膏渣污泥亟待進(jìn)行無害化或資源化處理,意義重大。本文以含砷石膏渣為對象,通過采用氧化與水泥固化/穩(wěn)定化技術(shù)組合,輔以動態(tài)毒性評估體系,進(jìn)行了含砷石膏渣的無害化處理及其機(jī)理研究。針對傳統(tǒng)水泥固化技術(shù)的增容比大、穩(wěn)定性不強(qiáng)等不足之處,通過改變添加劑的種類(如玻璃粉、高錳酸鉀、鐵錳氧化物),探尋改善傳統(tǒng)水泥固化的強(qiáng)化機(jī)制,并且系統(tǒng)討其影響因子、作用機(jī)理。探討了影響膠凝材料性能的主要工藝參數(shù),借助XRD、SEM等現(xiàn)代測試手段對固化體的水化過程硬化機(jī)理和其微觀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析,獲知水泥主要通過物理包裹與形成一定砷酸鈣鹽成份將含砷石膏渣穩(wěn)定化,并形成具有一定機(jī)械強(qiáng)度的水泥固化體。結(jié)果表明:石膏渣的主要成分是CaSO4及其水合物,其中砷的毒性浸出分別是114.06 mg·L-1(GB)以及125.81 mg·L-1(TCLP),超過國家危險廢棄物5mg.L-1的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),屬于危險廢棄物;經(jīng)水泥固化含砷污泥后,在28d后,石膏渣添加量30%,砷離子毒性浸出濃度5 mg/L;玻璃粉的加入可以明顯的提高強(qiáng)度,但是對于砷離子的吸附能力較差,最優(yōu)添加量為0.2～5%;石膏渣中的As3+氧化成As5+后再水泥固化后的固化體,比傳統(tǒng)固化的效果更好,可滿足中國危險廢棄物堆放的要求;含砷石膏渣熱分解過程伴隨著游離水和結(jié)晶水的脫除、氫氧化物、碳酸鹽、亞砷酸鹽和CaSO4的分解,煅燒再固化后的磚體,其浸出液中砷的含量5 mg/L;鐵錳氧化物對砷離子有著較強(qiáng)的吸附性能,尤其是對于As5+的吸附效果更好。水泥固化中添加1%的鐵錳氧化物砷離子毒性浸出的濃度1 mg/L。經(jīng)固化/穩(wěn)定化處理后的含砷石膏渣可以達(dá)到國家危險廢棄排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(5mg/L),本文研究的方案不僅可以解決環(huán)境污染問題,而且強(qiáng)化機(jī)制可以減少固化過程中水泥的用量,所以還具有一定經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:The non-ferrous metallurgical industry in the production of copper, nickel, lead, zinc, tin process, acid wastewater treatment using lime ferric salt, obtained after the treatment of arsenic containing gypsum slag. Approximately 1 million tons of sludge containing different metal elements stored in the security field, if not directly stockpiling will pollute the surrounding land, even the influence of groundwater resources. Once the excessive intake of arsenic, will affect the human health. Therefore, the need for resources or harmless treatment, arsenic containing sludge gypsum slag is significant. The arsenic containing gypsum slag as the object, by using oxidation and cement solidification / stabilization technology combined with dynamic toxicity evaluation system. The study on the harmless treatment and mechanism of arsenic containing gypsum slag. According to the traditional Compatibilization of cement solidification technology ratio, stability is not strong and other shortcomings, by changing the types of additives (such as glass powder, Potassium Permanganate, Iron and manganese oxides), to explore the improvement of the traditional curing cement strengthening mechanism and system, and discuss its influencing factors, mechanism of action. The effect of the main process parameters, performance of cementitious materials by means of XRD, SEM and other modern test methods of solidified body hydration hardening mechanism and its microstructure was analyzed, that mainly cement the physical package and the formation of a calcium arsenate arsenic containing ingredients will gypsum slag stabilization, and the formation of solidified cement has certain mechanical strength. The results showed that the main components of gypsum slag is CaSO4 and hydrate, the toxicity of arsenic leaching were 114.06 mg and 125.81 mg L-1 (GB) - L-1 (TCLP) 5mg.L-1, exceeding the national standard of hazardous waste, belong to hazardous waste; by cement solidification of sludge with arsenic, 28d, gypsum slag adding amount of 30%, the leaching toxicity of arsenic ion concentration of 5 mg/L; glass Powdercan Ming To improve the strength significantly, but the arsenic ion adsorption ability is poor, the optimum adding amount was 0.2 ~ 5%; As3+ oxidation in gypsum slag into As5+ after cement curing after curing, better than the traditional curing effect, can meet the requirements Chinese hazardous waste dumps; decomposition process of arsenic containing gypsum slag with heat the removal of free water and crystal water, hydroxide, carbonate, decomposition of arsenite and CaSO4, and then calcined after curing the brick, the content of arsenic in the leaching solution of 5 mg/L; Fe Mn oxides have strong adsorption properties of arsenic ions, especially for the better adsorption effect of As5+ concentration of iron and manganese. Arsenic oxide ion toxicity leaching by adding 1% of cement in 1 mg/L. after solidification / stabilization after the treatment of arsenic containing gypsum slag can reach the national emission standards for hazardous waste (5mg/L), this paper studies the scheme can not only solve the problem of the pollution of the environment, and And the strengthening mechanism can reduce the amount of cement in the curing process, so it also has some economic benefits.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X758

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