發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-10 07:15

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：廢水脫硫反硝化工藝運(yùn)行及微生物特性研究　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 自養(yǎng)脫硫反硝化 兼養(yǎng)脫硫反硝化 運(yùn)行效能 微生物群落結(jié)

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,含高濃度氮、硫廢水的排放量日益增加。這些廢水若不及時(shí)處理直接排放,將會(huì)嚴(yán)重污染水體及其周邊環(huán)境,并對(duì)人類(lèi)健康造成威脅。在此背景下,本研究建立兩套反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)——自養(yǎng)脫硫反硝化系統(tǒng)和兼養(yǎng)脫硫反硝化系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)水體中硫、氮和碳的同步去除。在兩套反應(yīng)裝置內(nèi),改變進(jìn)水底物中含氮物質(zhì),使反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)從硝酸鹽型逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閬喯跛猁}型,對(duì)比兩套反應(yīng)裝置,分析含氮物質(zhì)的類(lèi)型及有機(jī)物對(duì)反應(yīng)器效能的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:自養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)中,N02-利于S2-的不完全氧化,N03-/N02-為1/3時(shí),反應(yīng)器運(yùn)行效能達(dá)到最高,S2-、NO3-和NO2-的去除率分別達(dá)到99.68%、98.26%和95.21%;但僅添加N02-且高負(fù)荷運(yùn)行時(shí),系統(tǒng)卻無(wú)法正常工作;兼養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)中,有機(jī)物的投加使得亞硝酸鹽型系統(tǒng)在高負(fù)荷條件下仍能高效穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,對(duì)S2-、N02-和 TOC 的去除率分別達(dá)到 99.86%、94.08%和 87.95%。在反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行不同時(shí)期的穩(wěn)定階段,提取自養(yǎng)和兼養(yǎng)兩套系統(tǒng)活性污泥樣本,通過(guò)Chao指數(shù)、Shannon指數(shù)、OUTs、門(mén)相對(duì)分布以及細(xì)菌在屬水平上熱圖分析,探討不同環(huán)境條件下微生物的群落特征;分析含氮物質(zhì)的改變和有機(jī)物的加入對(duì)微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)變化的影響。結(jié)果表明:反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)從硝酸鹽型轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閬喯跛猁}型過(guò)程中,自養(yǎng)和兼養(yǎng)環(huán)境內(nèi)微生物種類(lèi)和豐度均有變化;各階段微生物種類(lèi)有明顯差異;門(mén)水平上相對(duì)豐度較大的細(xì)菌有Proteobacteria、Bacteroidetes、Firmicutes和Chloroflexi;運(yùn)行效能較好階段相對(duì)豐度較大的功能菌有Thiobacillus、Thiovirga、Thauera和Geobacter;相比于含氮物質(zhì)的改變,有機(jī)物的投加對(duì)微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)變化引起的影響較小。在反應(yīng)器高效運(yùn)行時(shí)期,分離、純化培養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的功能性微生物,對(duì)純菌株的脫氮除硫功能進(jìn)行確認(rèn);通過(guò)16SrDNA測(cè)序、BLAST比對(duì),制作系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹(shù)確認(rèn)分離菌株的菌屬。結(jié)果表明:分離出一株具有脫氮除硫功能的菌株,該菌株對(duì)S2-的去除率可達(dá)到89.20%,脫氮效率為48.21%。通過(guò)序列比對(duì),確認(rèn)該菌株為 Pseudomonas。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industry, the discharge of wastewater containing high concentration of nitrogen and sulfur is increasing day by day. If these wastewater are not discharged directly in time, they will seriously pollute the water body and its surrounding environment. Under this background, two reaction systems-autotrophic desulfurization and denitrification system and simultaneous culture desulfurization and denitrification system were established to realize sulfur in water. The simultaneous removal of nitrogen and carbon. In two sets of reactor, the nitrogen-containing substances in the influent substrate were changed, so that the reaction system gradually changed from nitrate type to nitrite type, compared with two sets of reaction equipment. The types of nitrogen-containing substances and the effect of organic matter on the reactor efficiency were analyzed. The experimental results showed that in the autotrophic system, the partial oxidation of N _ (02-) in favor of S _ 2 ~ (-) was N03-r / N _ (02-) = 1/3. The operation efficiency of the reactor reached the highest removal rate of no ~-_ 3- and no _ 2- reached 99.68% and 95.21%, respectively. However, when N02- was added only and the system was running at high load, the system could not work properly. The addition of organic compounds can make the nitrite system operate efficiently and stably under high load, and the removal rates of S2-N02- and TOC are 99.86% respectively. 94.08% and 87.95. in the stable stage of the reaction system, two sets of activated sludge samples were collected from autotrophic system and simultaneously fed system, and the Chao index was obtained by Shannon index. The relative distribution of OUTs, phylum and the thermal map of bacteria at the generic level were analyzed to study the community characteristics of microbes under different environmental conditions. The effects of the changes of nitrogen-containing substances and organic compounds on the changes of microbial community structure were analyzed. The results showed that the reaction system changed from nitrate type to nitrite type. The species and abundance of microorganism in autotrophic and co-cultured environment were all changed. There were obvious differences in the species of microbes in different stages. The bacteria with relatively high abundance at the gate level were Proteobacteriae Bacteroidetes-Firmicutes and Chloroflexi. The functional bacteria with relatively high abundance at better operation stage were Thiobacillus thiovirgagaa Thauera and Geobacter. Compared with the changes of nitrogen-containing substances, the addition of organic compounds had little effect on the changes of microbial community structure. In the period of efficient operation of the reactor, the functional microorganisms in the culture system were separated and purified. The function of denitrification and sulfur removal of pure strain was confirmed. By comparing 16s rDNA sequence with blast, a phylogenetic tree was made to confirm the genus of the isolated strains. The results showed that a strain with nitrogen and sulfur removal function was isolated. The removal rate of S2- was 89.20 and the denitrification efficiency was 48.21.The strain was identified as Pseudomonas by sequence alignment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703

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