本文關(guān)鍵詞：表面活性劑淋洗法修復(fù)硝基苯污染土壤的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 硝基苯 表面活性劑 土壤淋洗 SDBS SDS

【摘要】：表面活性劑淋洗法修復(fù)速度快、成本低,它通過降低土壤界面張力,增加硝基苯的溶解性,促進(jìn)硝基苯隨淋洗液的遷移,從而增加了淋洗效率,達(dá)到修復(fù)目的,因此用于修復(fù)硝基苯污染土壤具有良好的前景。本文針對(duì)高污染強(qiáng)度的硝基苯污染土壤,研究了陰離子表面活性劑十二烷基硫酸鈉(SDS)、十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(SDBS),非離子表面活性劑聚氧乙烯(80)失水山梨醇單油酸酯(Tween80)、聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(100)(TritonX-100)對(duì)硝基苯的增溶作用、解吸作用。確定了最佳淋洗劑并進(jìn)行柱實(shí)驗(yàn),分析并研究了表面活性劑濃度和流速對(duì)淋洗實(shí)驗(yàn)的影響,為表面活性劑淋洗法修復(fù)硝基苯污染土壤的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)得到以下結(jié)論:(1)四種典型表面活性劑對(duì)硝基苯的增溶能力大小順序?yàn)?Tween80TritonX-100SDBSSDS,非離子表面活性劑的增溶能力大于陰離子表面活性劑。四種表面活性劑對(duì)硝基苯的解吸能力大小順序?yàn)?SDBSSDSTween80TritonX-100,陰離子表面活性劑的解吸能力大于非離子表面活性劑。(2)通過清水及表面活性劑SDBS、SDS淋洗修復(fù)硝基苯污染土壤的柱實(shí)驗(yàn)可以得出:清水淋洗污染土柱的最佳流速為1mL/min,硝基苯的最高去除率為82.8%;表面活性劑SDBS淋洗污染土柱的最佳濃度為1000mg/L,最佳流速為2mL/min,硝基苯的最高去除率為80.3%;表面活性劑SDS淋洗污染土柱的最佳濃度為2000mg/L,最佳流速為1mL/min,硝基苯的最高去除率為74.4%。淋洗的效果大小順序?yàn)?清水SDBSSDS。(3)在淋洗的過程中,表面活性劑被大量吸附在土壤上,導(dǎo)致淋洗液的有效濃度降低,影響其增溶作用的效果。此外,隨著淋洗過程的進(jìn)行,吸附在土壤上的表面活性劑不僅不能起到增溶作用,反而吸附被淋洗出的硝基苯,因而,硝基苯的去除率有所減少,清水淋洗的效果大于表面活性劑SDBS、SDS。(4)對(duì)于本實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下的土壤,由于硝基苯具有一定水溶性,不需要添加表面活性劑,清水淋洗即可獲得較好的去除效果。淋洗后的土壤滿足《展覽會(huì)用地土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(暫行)HJ350-2007》B級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)100mg/kg。
[Abstract]:The surfactant leaching method has the advantages of fast recovery speed and low cost. By reducing the soil interfacial tension, increasing the solubility of nitrobenzene and promoting the migration of nitrobenzene with the eluate, the elution efficiency is increased and the purpose of remediation is achieved. Therefore, there is a good prospect for remediation of nitrobenzene contaminated soil. In this paper, the anionic surfactant 12 alkyl sodium sulfate (SDSs) was studied for nitrobenzene contaminated soil with high pollution intensity. 12 sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, Nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene 80) sorbitol monooleate (Tween80). The solubilization and desorption of nitrobenzene by polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether 100 (Triton X-100). The optimum eluent was determined and the column experiment was carried out. The effects of surfactant concentration and flow rate on the elution experiment were analyzed and studied. It provides experimental basis for the practical application of surfactant elution method in remediation of nitrobenzene contaminated soil. The following conclusions are obtained from the experiment: 1). The solubilization ability of four typical surfactants for nitrobenzene was in the order of: Tween80 Triton X-100SDBSSDS. The solubilization ability of Nonionic surfactants is greater than that of anionic surfactants. SDBSSDSTween80TritonX-100. The desorption ability of anionic surfactants is higher than that of Nonionic surfactants. The results of column experiment of SDS elution and remediation of nitrobenzene contaminated soil showed that the optimum flow rate was 1 mL / min and the highest removal rate of nitrobenzene was 82.8%. The optimum concentration of surfactant SDBS eluting contaminated soil column is 1000 mg / L, the optimum flow rate is 2 mL / min, and the highest removal rate of nitrobenzene is 80.3%. The optimum concentration of surfactant SDS eluting contaminated soil column is 2000mg / L and the optimum flow rate is 1mL / min. The highest removal rate of nitrobenzene was 74.4%. The order of elution effect was as follows: SDBSSDS.3) in the process of leaching, surfactants were adsorbed on the soil in large quantities. As a result, the effective concentration of eluate decreased, which affected the effect of solubilization. In addition, with the process of leaching, the surfactant adsorbed on the soil could not play the role of solubilization. Instead of adsorbing the eluted nitrobenzene, the removal rate of nitrobenzene was reduced, and the effect of clean water elution was higher than that of surfactant SDBS- SDS.4) for the soil under this experimental condition. Because nitrobenzene is water-soluble, no surfactant is needed. The soil after elution can meet the evaluation standard of soil environmental quality of exhibition land (temporary HJ350-2007 > B grade standard 100mg / kg).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X53

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