本文關(guān)鍵詞：生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線法律責(zé)任的立法研究　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線的劃定有助于強(qiáng)化政府、企業(yè)、個(gè)人的生態(tài)保護(hù)責(zé)任,維護(hù)生態(tài)平衡和社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定。對(duì)生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線法律責(zé)任的立法問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究,可以為我國(guó)更為順利、科學(xué)地實(shí)施生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線提供必要的參考和指引。生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線的法律責(zé)任由“生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線”和“法律責(zé)任”二者構(gòu)成,研究生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線法律責(zé)任的立法問(wèn)題,必須首先對(duì)“生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線”和“法律責(zé)任”這兩個(gè)概念進(jìn)行層層剖析和界定,為探究我國(guó)生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線法律責(zé)任在立法上的現(xiàn)狀和存在的問(wèn)題做好鋪墊。在概念厘清和問(wèn)題分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出完善的思路和措施。問(wèn)題分析和完善路徑主要從立法目的、立法形式和立法內(nèi)容三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行架構(gòu)。在立法目的方面,相關(guān)立法呈現(xiàn)出蘊(yùn)含的價(jià)值目標(biāo)與法律責(zé)任設(shè)定未能完全匹配的問(wèn)題。對(duì)此,堅(jiān)持可持續(xù)發(fā)展的價(jià)值理念,將“破壞環(huán)境資源保護(hù)罪”獨(dú)立成章,進(jìn)而糾正我國(guó)生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線法律責(zé)任立法在立法目的上的失衡和缺漏。在立法形式方面,相關(guān)立法呈現(xiàn)出位階較低,立法名稱用語(yǔ)不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、不規(guī)范,法律責(zé)任規(guī)定過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)陋、可操作性差等問(wèn)題。對(duì)此,制定部門規(guī)章位階專門性立法,逐步提升地方性專門立法的位階,對(duì)現(xiàn)行立法進(jìn)行專項(xiàng)清理,進(jìn)而規(guī)范我國(guó)生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線法律責(zé)任的立法。在立法內(nèi)容方面,相關(guān)規(guī)定存在的問(wèn)題具體表現(xiàn)為歸責(zé)原則欠缺無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)責(zé)任原則,行政處罰規(guī)定自由裁量幅度過(guò)大,罰款數(shù)額設(shè)置不合理,賠償數(shù)額規(guī)定不明確,懲罰性賠償責(zé)任的缺漏,法定刑檔次偏少,法定刑最高刑配置偏低等。因此,確立無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)責(zé)任原則作為歸責(zé)原則之一,細(xì)化、量化行政處罰自由裁量的具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn),提高罰款額度,提高賠償數(shù)額,允許提起精神損害賠償,補(bǔ)充懲罰性賠償責(zé)任的規(guī)定,增設(shè)無(wú)期徒刑,提高有期徒刑上限,補(bǔ)充非刑罰責(zé)任形式等措施和方法將是對(duì)生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線法律責(zé)任的立法在立法內(nèi)容上缺漏的一種補(bǔ)充和完善。本文以生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線的法律責(zé)任為研究對(duì)象,以其立法作為研究范疇,以期能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)其中存在的問(wèn)題,提出相應(yīng)的解決方案,從而健全我國(guó)的生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線制度,完善該制度的相關(guān)理論,助推其實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的順利開(kāi)展,服務(wù)于我國(guó)的生態(tài)文明建設(shè),繼續(xù)走可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路。
[Abstract]:The ecological protection of the red line delineated to help strengthen the government, enterprise, individual responsibility for ecological protection, ecological balance and maintain harmony and stability of society. Study on legislative problems of ecological protection of the red line of legal responsibility, for our more smoothly, scientific implementation of ecological protection of the red line to provide the necessary reference and guidance of ecological protection law. The responsibility of red by "red ecological protection" and "legal responsibility" of two parts, the legislation on the ecological protection of the red line of legal responsibility, must first the ecological protection of the "red line" and "legal responsibility" these two concepts are the layers of analysis and definition, to pave the way for the study of China's legal liability in the legislation of ecological protection of the red line on the current situation and existing problems. Based on clarifying the concept and problems, put forward ideas and measures to improve and perfect the path analysis. The problem mainly from the legislative purpose, The three aspects of legislation and legislative content of architecture. In the legislative purpose, the relevant legislation has inherent value goal and the legal responsibility did not match the problem. In this regard, the value concept of sustainable development, the environmental crime independent chapter, and then correct the red line of the legislation of ecological protection our country in the legislative purpose of the imbalances and omissions. In legislation, the relevant legislation is out of the low rank of legislation, name of the term is not rigorous, not standardized, legal liability provisions are too simple, poor operability and other issues. In this regard, formulate regulations in order to special legislation, and gradually improve the level of local special the legislation, special clean-up of existing legislation, and then regulate the legislation of ecological protection of the red line of legal liability. In legislation, the relevant provisions of the problems of specific performance to The lack of the principle of responsibility principle of no fault liability, administrative penalties discretion is too large, the amount of fines is unreasonable, the amount of compensation shall not clear, punitive damages gaps, the grade of statutory punishment less punishment maximum penalty low. Therefore, the establishment of the principle of no fault liability as one of the imputation principles of refinement specifically, the quantitative standard of administrative penalty discretion, improve fine lines, increase the amount of compensation, allow the claim for compensation for mental damages, the provisions of punitive damages, additional life imprisonment, improve the limit in prison, supplementary liability and other non penalty measures and methods of ecological protection is a supplement to the red line of legal responsibility in the Legislative Council on the content of gaps and perfect. This paper takes legal responsibility for the ecological protection of the red line as the research object, with its legislation as the research category, in order to find the existence of the The corresponding solutions are put forward, so as to improve the red line system of ecological protection in China, improve the relevant theories of the system, promote the smooth development of its practical activities, serve the construction of ecological civilization in China, and continue to take the road of sustainable development.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.68

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