【摘要】：道教是中國土生土長的宗教,在其長期的傳承發(fā)展過程中,對中國古代社會的哲學、文學、藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學、化學、天文、地理等方面都曾產(chǎn)生過不同程度的影響,作出了巨大的貢獻。道教何時進入臺州,史籍記載不詳。道教在東漢末年產(chǎn)生后不久,就對臺州形成影響。臺州位于浙江省的東南部,境內(nèi)三面環(huán)山,一面頻海,地勢由西向東傾斜。西北山脈連綿,峰巒迭起；東南丘陵緩延,平原坦蕩,且港灣眾多,島嶼星羅棋布,地理環(huán)境相當優(yōu)美。從總體的地形來來看有“七山一水二分田”之說。“山不在高,有仙則名”,道教崇尚自然,道士喜歡與山河大地融處。古代崇尚道教之人,為了得道成仙,往往選擇自然風景優(yōu)美,人跡罕至,遠離塵世的深山老林來筑觀修行。臺州的山水就是崇道者的最愛。在道教盛行的時期,臺州黃巖的委羽山、仙居臨海之間的括蒼山、天臺的赤城山就位列十大洞天之中。臺州負山面海,氣候溫潤,草木繁盛,物產(chǎn)豐富,為道士修煉提供了豐富的物質(zhì)資源。另外臺州古代受古越文化的影響,籠罩著自然神秘主義的色彩,再加上臺州遠離政治中心,世俗王權(quán)的干預較少,這些條件都促成了臺州成為江南道教的圣地。臺州從三國時候的葛玄、南朝時的陶弘景、到唐朝的司馬承禎與天臺桐柏派、宋朝的張伯端與金丹派南宗,及至明清時期的全真道龍門派,無不體現(xiàn)出臺州道教在中國道教發(fā)展歷史上的重要地位。歷史上臺州道教派系繁多,內(nèi)涵很豐富,至今臺州大地上的道教遺跡星星點點。除了這些物質(zhì)上的遺存,道教還滲透倒臺州百姓日常的生活中,民風民俗中,思維方式中,臺州道教在臺州的歷史進程中是厚重的一章。
[Abstract]:Taoism is a native religion in China. In its long process of inheritance and development, Taoism has made great contributions to the philosophy, literature, art, medicine, chemistry, astronomy, geography and other aspects of ancient Chinese society. When Taoism entered Taizhou, historical records are unknown. Taoism influenced Taizhou shortly after it came into being in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Taizhou is located in the southeast of Zhejiang Province, surrounded by mountains on three sides, one side of the sea, the terrain tilted from west to east. The northwest mountains are continuous and the peaks rise; the southeast hills extend slowly, the plains are open, and the harbor is numerous, the islands are scattered, and the geographical environment is quite beautiful. From the overall terrain, there is the theory of "seven mountains, one water and two fields". Mountains are not high, immortals are famous. Taoism advocates nature, and Taoists like to blend with mountains and rivers. Ancient Taoist advocates, in order to become immortals, often choose beautiful natural scenery, inaccessible, far from the earthly mountains and old forests to build and practice. The mountains and rivers of Taizhou are the favorite of worshippers. In the period of Taoism prevalence, Taizhou Huangyan Wei Yu Mountain, Xianju between the sea between the Cangshan, Tiantai Chicheng Mountain ranked among the top ten caves. Taizhou negative mountains and seas, warm climate, prosperous vegetation, rich in products, for Taoist practice to provide rich material resources. In addition, the ancient Taizhou was influenced by the ancient Yue culture, shrouded in the color of natural mysticism, coupled with the fact that Taizhou was far from the political center, and the intervention of secular monarchy was less, which all contributed to Taizhou becoming the holy place of Taoism in the south of the Yangtze River. Taizhou, from GE Xuan in the three Kingdoms, Tao Hongjing in the Southern Dynasty to Sima Chengzhen and Tiantai Tongbai School in Tang Dynasty, Zhang Boduan and Jin Dan Pai Nanzong in Song Dynasty, and Quanzhen Taoism Longmen School in Ming and Qing dynasties, all reflected the important position of Taizhou Taoism in the development history of Taoism in China. In history, there are many Taoist schools in Taizhou, and the connotation is very rich. Up to now, the Taoist relics on the earth of Taizhou are dotted with each other. In addition to these material relics, Taoism also permeates the daily life of Taizhou people, folk customs, mode of thinking, Taizhou Taoism in the historical process of Taizhou is a heavy chapter.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：B958

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