本文選題：道教 + 上海��； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 道教作為土生土長的宗教,在傳統(tǒng)文化中常儒、釋、道三家并提,所謂“三教九流”,儒、釋、道曾經(jīng)是中國文化的主流。在現(xiàn)代中國天主教、基督教、佛教、道教、伊斯蘭教五大宗教中,道教也占有一席之地,并對中國民眾的影響依然很大。尤其在民間風(fēng)俗中,道教的影響處處可見,有的還進入到主流文化中。是以當(dāng)下可見,道教仍然有很強的生命力。 隨著現(xiàn)代化進程逐步加深,宗教與現(xiàn)代化的問題日益突出,道教自然也在這個過程中�，F(xiàn)代化進程中的一個重要方面就是“城市化”,于是也形成了很多大都市,在中國,上海就是眾多都市中的佼佼者。是以上海的道教宮觀為考察對象,則更加能夠凸顯出城市化乃至現(xiàn)代化與宗教的關(guān)系。 稍作考察即可以看到,上海道教的歷史并不是很長,尤其與周邊江蘇、江西的道教相比更加遜色。但是到近代以后,上海開始迅速發(fā)展,并且確立了在中國的經(jīng)濟地位,于是各種宗教也相繼到上海開展活動。張?zhí)鞄熅驮啻蔚缴虾！皞鞯馈?在上海也成立了多個道教團體,有的還是全國性的組織。從上世紀(jì)90年代開始,上海的發(fā)展更為突飛猛進,真正確立了中國的“經(jīng)濟中心”的地位。同時,在上海的很多宗教也具有了其以往不具有的影響力。上海道教在發(fā)揮對內(nèi)影響作用之時,還積極開展對外交流活動,團結(jié)臺、港、澳的華人信眾,還加強與海外道教信眾及研究者的聯(lián)系。 上海的道教宮觀在上海這個中發(fā)揮了自己應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任,也日益與上海發(fā)展相一致。在此,筆者認為所謂“都市道教”應(yīng)該具有這樣四個特點:一、道教首先處在都市之中,并與都市保持良好的關(guān)系。二、存在都市中的道教還要與都市的發(fā)展相一致,乃至與都市的發(fā)展歷史相一致。三、都市道教還要積極參與到都市的各項事務(wù)之中,發(fā)揮積極地正面的作用。四、都市道教還起到連接海內(nèi)外信眾的紐帶作用等。基于此,筆者以為上海的道教基本具備這樣的特點,或者說,“都市道教”的特點就是基于此。 還應(yīng)該看到,目前上海道教發(fā)展勢頭雖然良好,但還有很多方面仍不健全,與現(xiàn)代化、城市化還有一些不協(xié)調(diào)的地方亟待改進,這也是本文要指出的。通過筆者的考察、研究,企望能得到一些合理的結(jié)論,乃至為上海道教的發(fā)展提供某些有用的數(shù)據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As a native religion, Taoism was once the mainstream of Chinese culture. Among the five religions of modern Chinese Catholicism, Protestantism, Buddhism, Taoism and Islam, Taoism also occupies a place and still has great influence on the Chinese people. Especially in folk customs, the influence of Taoism can be seen everywhere, some also into the mainstream culture. It is now visible that Taoism still has a strong vitality. With the gradual deepening of the modernization process, the problems of religion and modernization become increasingly prominent, Taoism naturally in this process. An important aspect of the modernization process is urbanization, which has formed a lot of big cities. In China, Shanghai is one of the best cities in the world. Taking the Taoist temple of Shanghai as the object of investigation, it can highlight the relationship between urbanization and modernization and religion. It can be seen that the history of Taoism in Shanghai is not very long, especially compared with the surrounding Jiangsu and Jiangxi Taoism. But after modern times, Shanghai began to develop rapidly and established its economic status in China. Zhang Tianshi has been to Shanghai many times to "preach", in Shanghai also set up a number of Taoist groups, some national organizations. Since the 1990 s, Shanghai has developed by leaps and bounds and established the status of "economic center" of China. At the same time, many of the religions in Shanghai have had an influence that they did not have in the past. When Shanghai Taoism exerts its influence at home, it also actively carries out foreign exchange activities, unifies the Chinese believers in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao, and strengthens its ties with overseas Taoist believers and researchers. The Taoist temple in Shanghai has played its part and is increasingly in line with Shanghai's development. Here, the author thinks that the so-called "urban Taoism" should have four characteristics: first, Taoism is in the city, and maintains a good relationship with the city. Secondly, Taoism in the city should be consistent with the development of the city and even with the history of the city. Thirdly, Metropolitan Taoism should take an active part in all kinds of urban affairs and play a positive role. Fourth, Metropolitan Taoism also plays a role in connecting believers at home and abroad. Based on this, the author thinks that Taoism in Shanghai basically has such characteristics, or that the characteristics of Metropolitan Taoism are based on this. It should also be seen that although the momentum of Taoism development in Shanghai is good at present, there are still many aspects that are still not perfect, and there are still some incongruities with modernization and urbanization that need to be improved urgently, which is also pointed out in this paper. Through the author's investigation and research, I hope to get some reasonable conclusions, and even provide some useful data for the development of Shanghai Taoism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：B957

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