本文選題：奧斯曼帝國 + 世俗政治��； 參考：《世界宗教研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：作為伊斯蘭文明演進(jìn)序列中的重要一環(huán),奧斯曼帝國通常被界定為政教合一抑或教俗合一的軍事封建帝國,世俗政治與宗教政治的對抗博弈和此消彼長是帝國晚期政治生活的突出特征。近代以來,飽受西方?jīng)_擊的奧斯曼帝國通過現(xiàn)代化改革和憲政運(yùn)動以救亡圖存,奧斯曼蘇丹通過世俗化改革強(qiáng)化中央集權(quán)和弱化烏萊瑪對教育司法權(quán)威的壟斷;青年奧斯曼黨和青年土耳其黨引入西方憲政制度和民族主義理念來弱化君主權(quán)威和教界特權(quán),導(dǎo)致宗教政治逐漸讓步于世俗政治。晚期奧斯曼帝國世俗政治與宗教政治的博弈促進(jìn)了現(xiàn)代中東諸國西方式憲政制度的確立,影響了民族主義認(rèn)同的形成和基于世俗主義的現(xiàn)代化模式的選擇,造成了中東現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中普遍存在的精英與民眾的二元對立。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the evolution of Islamic civilization, the Ottoman Empire was usually defined as the unity of religion and politics or the integration of religion and religion as a military feudal empire. The confrontation game between secular politics and religious politics was the prominent feature of political life in the late imperial period. Since modern times, the Ottoman Empire, which has been under the attack of the West, has saved the nation from extinction through modern reform and constitutional movement. The Ottoman Sultan strengthened centralization of power and weakened Ulama's monopoly on educational judicial authority through secularization reform. The youth Ottoman party and the youth Turkish party introduced the western constitutional system and the nationalism idea to weaken the monarch authority and the religious privilege, which led the religious politics to give way to the secular politics gradually. The game between secular and religious politics in the late Ottoman Empire promoted the establishment of the western constitutional system in the modern Middle East and affected the formation of nationalist identity and the choice of a modern model based on secularism. It caused the dualistic opposition between the elite and the people in the course of modernization in the Middle East.
【作者單位】： 遼寧大學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)型國家經(jīng)濟(jì)政治研究中心;遼寧大學(xué)歷史學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社科基金青年項(xiàng)目“土耳其正義與發(fā)展黨執(zhí)政理念與實(shí)踐研究”(13CSS020);國家社科基金重大項(xiàng)目“中東部落社會通史研究”(15ZDB062) 遼寧省社科規(guī)劃基金項(xiàng)目“遼寧省伊斯蘭教的歷史與現(xiàn)狀研究”(L12DMZ009)的階段性成果
【分類號】：B969
，

本文編號：1980097