本文選題：天主教徒 + 皈依�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著宗教信仰自由政策的貫徹,天主教在我國進(jìn)入前所未有的快速發(fā)展時期,每年都有大量的非宗教人士選擇皈依天主教。那么人們是如何從普通的非宗教徒轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樘熘鹘掏降?其皈依的原因和過程是怎樣的?為了解釋這些問題,本文基于H教堂教徒皈依的實(shí)地研究,對收集到的個案資料進(jìn)行了分析,從理性選擇理論和社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)的視角,對天主教徒的皈依歷程進(jìn)行了描述與剖析。 通過實(shí)地研究,筆者認(rèn)為天主教徒的皈依是一個持續(xù)的動態(tài)的歷程。個體最初選擇接觸天主教的原因是自身遭遇到了個人危機(jī),由于這些危機(jī)在個體既有的架構(gòu)與方案中未能得以解決,于是個體便在社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)的動員和導(dǎo)引下接觸天主教會,向宗教尋求危機(jī)的解決方案。在接觸的過程中,個體會受到傳教人員自身的人格魅力與社會地位的影響,同時接受了教會為他提供其他宗教產(chǎn)品,如良好的人際關(guān)系氛圍、物質(zhì)上的幫助和精神上的慰藉,宗教場所的神圣感等,從而對教會產(chǎn)生了信任與好感。繼而是更加密集的互動,個體通過參加慕道班學(xué)習(xí)天主教教義,深入?yún)⑴c各種宗教活動,通過參加天主教的宗教儀式,參與天主教會的內(nèi)部團(tuán)體活動,參與天主教群體的人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)互動,強(qiáng)化自身宗教意識,維系群體團(tuán)結(jié),增強(qiáng)個體對信仰團(tuán)體的投入和認(rèn)同,創(chuàng)造和鞏固其對宗教團(tuán)體的情感,使之皈依的感覺越來越真實(shí),逐漸對教會產(chǎn)生了歸屬感,并慢慢融入到天主教會的信仰群體中,最終克服皈依的阻力,通過領(lǐng)洗完成了宗教皈依,正式獲得了天主教徒的身份。 天主教徒的皈依歷程可以在理性選擇理論和社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論視角下得到很好的解讀。在皈依階段的前期,個體考慮更多的是如何能夠從教會中得到解決危機(jī)的資源,選擇接觸教會是權(quán)衡得失后作出的選擇,有著明顯的工具理性色彩。而在皈依歷程的后期,個體對宗教教義理解逐漸深入,并將其內(nèi)化為自身的內(nèi)在信仰,同時漸漸融入到了教會的內(nèi)部關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò),對教會投入了大量的情感,對教會組織產(chǎn)生了歸屬感,已經(jīng)不再刻意關(guān)注自身的利益得失,轉(zhuǎn)而關(guān)注天主教所傳達(dá)的精神信仰,并認(rèn)為選擇皈依是符合天主教的信仰和信念的,這又有著明顯的價值理性色彩。所以,筆者認(rèn)為,個體的皈依歷程有著從工具理性向價值理性轉(zhuǎn)化的趨勢,但又不能將兩者完全割裂開。此外,社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)的引導(dǎo)和動員貫穿于個體的整個皈依歷程中。個體最初萌生接觸宗教的意愿,是由于社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)動員的結(jié)果,特別是社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的強(qiáng)關(guān)系發(fā)揮了重要作用。個體和天主教會遇后,在雙方互動的過程中,強(qiáng)關(guān)系繼續(xù)發(fā)揮引導(dǎo)和陪伴的作用。個體與教會內(nèi)部成員也由之前缺乏義務(wù)和不太信任的弱關(guān)系發(fā)展成為高度信任的強(qiáng)關(guān)系,由此漸漸融入了教會內(nèi)部的人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)之中并最終選擇了皈依。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the policy of freedom of religious belief, Catholicism has entered an unprecedented period of rapid development in China. Every year, a large number of non-religious people choose to convert to Catholicism. So how did people change from ordinary non-believers to Catholics, and what were the reasons and processes for their conversion? In order to explain these problems, based on the field study of conversion of H Church members, this paper analyzes the collected case data and describes and analyzes the conversion process of Catholics from the perspective of rational choice theory and social network. Through field research, the author thinks that the conversion of Catholics is a continuous dynamic process. The reason why individuals first choose to contact Catholicism is that they have encountered personal crises, and since these crises have not been solved in the existing structures and programs of individuals, individuals have been mobilized and guided by social networks to approach the Catholic Church. Look to religion for a solution to the crisis. In the process of contact, the individual is influenced by the personal charm and social status of the missionary, and receives other religious products provided by the church, such as a good interpersonal atmosphere, material help and spiritual consolation. The sacredness of the religious place and so on, thus produced the trust and the good will to the church. Then there was a more intensive interaction, in which individuals studied Catholic teachings through participation in Mudaban, deeply engaged in various religious activities, participated in Catholic religious rituals, and participated in the internal community activities of the Catholic Church. To participate in the interaction of the Catholic community, to strengthen their religious consciousness, to maintain the unity of the group, to strengthen the individual's commitment and identity to the belief group, to create and consolidate their feelings towards the religious community, and to make the feeling of conversion more and more real. It gradually produced a sense of belonging to the church and gradually merged into the faith community of the Catholic Church, finally overcome the resistance to conversion, completed the religious conversion through washing, and formally gained the status of Catholics. The conversion process of Catholics can be well interpreted from the perspective of rational choice theory and social network theory. In the early stage of conversion, the individual considers more how to get the resources from the church to solve the crisis, and the choice to contact the church is a choice made after weighing gains and losses, which has obvious tool rationality color. In the later stage of conversion, the individual gradually understood and internalized the religious doctrine into his own internal belief, and gradually integrated into the inner relationship network of the church, and put a lot of emotion into the church. Having a sense of belonging to church organizations, they no longer pay any attention to their own interests, but to the spiritual beliefs that Catholicism conveys, and believes that the choice of conversion is in keeping with the beliefs and beliefs of Catholicism. This also has the obvious value rationality color. Therefore, the author believes that the process of individual conversion has a tendency from instrumental rationality to value rationality, but the two cannot be completely separated. In addition, social network guidance and mobilization throughout the individual conversion process. The initial desire of individuals to contact religion is due to the mobilization of social networks, especially the strong relationships in social networks. In the process of interaction between individual and Catholic Church, the strong relationship continues to play a leading and accompanying role. Individuals and members of the church also developed from a weak relationship of lack of obligation and lack of trust to a strong relationship of high trust, which gradually merged into the interpersonal network within the church and eventually chose to convert.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：B977

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