本文選題：金元　切入點：全真教　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2005年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：金元全真(北宗)心學(xué),系指金元之際,王重陽所創(chuàng)立的全真教關(guān) 于內(nèi)丹修煉的心性學(xué)說。它以老莊思想和傳統(tǒng)道教為基礎(chǔ),廣泛吸收、 融合儒家特別是宋代理學(xué)、佛教尤其是禪宗的一些心性思想,結(jié)合自身 的修煉實踐,以道、心、性、神、氣、虛、空、靜、精等為基本范疇, 來闡述內(nèi)丹修煉的心性問題,包括三教合一、全真而仙、清靜無為、明 心見性、功行雙全、性命雙修等內(nèi)容,是中國道教史、思想史上風(fēng)格獨 特的心性理論。 王重陽是全真教的創(chuàng)始人,也是全真心學(xué)的奠基者,他提出了全真 心學(xué)三教合一、識心見性、性命雙修等基本觀點,建立了全真教獨具特 色的心性學(xué)說。馬丹陽的清靜修養(yǎng)論,主張忘心見性,清靜無為,勾勒 了全真心學(xué)的基本風(fēng)貌。丘處機(jī)及其龍門派弟子主張從“無為”、“有為” 兩個方面來修仙證道,強(qiáng)調(diào)外道內(nèi)儒,內(nèi)外雙修,功行俱全,內(nèi)外結(jié)合, 表現(xiàn)出了強(qiáng)烈的入世精神,既能滿足個體的心理需求,又能滿足社會群 體的現(xiàn)實需要,創(chuàng)造性地發(fā)展和豐富了全真道的心性理論。以郝大通為 先導(dǎo)、以王志謹(jǐn)為代表的盤山派吸收儒家和禪宗的心性思想,建立起了 以心為起點,以心、性、道合一為特色的具有濃厚禪宗色彩的心性理論, 主張境上煉心、心道合一、功行雙全等。譚處端、王處一、劉長生、孫 不二等全真七子,根據(jù)各自的實踐,提出了各具特色的心性思想,極大 地豐富了全真心學(xué)的內(nèi)容,使全真心學(xué)一舉成為與佛教的禪宗、儒家的 理學(xué)并駕齊驅(qū)的道教理論,在中國道教史上寫下了輝煌的一頁。后期, 李道純、陳致虛等全真大師又內(nèi)兼南北二宗、外合儒釋道禪,形成了一 套完整的全真心學(xué)的概念范疇體系,將全真心學(xué)推向新的高峰,并最終 奠定了全真心學(xué)在道教史、思想史、文化史上的歷史地位。 全真心學(xué)在創(chuàng)立和完善過程中,融合與吸取了中國傳統(tǒng)文化之精 華,特別是借鑒與吸納了儒家、佛教以及傳統(tǒng)道教的一些思想和理論。 首先,全真教“全真而仙”的宗教理想,已不是魏晉道教追求的肉體長 生,而是真性永存,精神超越,這與全真教在吸取佛教教義的基礎(chǔ)上形 成的生命觀密不可分。其次,全真教吸取了佛教的人生皆苦和儒家的心 性修養(yǎng)論等思想,來改造傳統(tǒng)道教的肉體長生說,促使內(nèi)丹學(xué)在道教中 走向興盛。再次,全真教在對人的本真生命存在的體悟中,吸收了儒家 的仁學(xué)及修身齊家治國平天下、佛教的自利利他以及墨家的勤苦“摩頂 放踵利天下為之”的獻(xiàn)身精神,倡導(dǎo)“真功真行”、普渡眾生,先人后 己,大大改變了傳統(tǒng)道教偏重個體成仙而忽視救渡眾生的狀況。 從哲學(xué)、宗教學(xué)的角度,從思想史的角度,深入研究全真心學(xué),一 方面可以有助于人們深入、全面了解全真教的歷史與貢獻(xiàn),以正視聽; 另一方面可以挖掘全真心學(xué)中有價值的思想,古為今用,促進(jìn)精神文明 建設(shè),構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會。 對全真心學(xué)的研究,始終堅持辨證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義的世界 觀和方法論,堅持歷史與邏輯的統(tǒng)一,了悟與論證的統(tǒng)一。 全真道的研究,代不乏人。但研究主要針對全真教的總體,較多地 從史的角度考辯全真教的發(fā)展,也不同程度地涉及了全真教的思想內(nèi) 涵。本文從史、論結(jié)合的角度,專題研究了全真道的心性思想,勾勒了 全真心學(xué)的總體風(fēng)貌。 關(guān)鍵詞:金元,全真教,北宗,王重陽,心性思想
[Abstract]:Jinyuan (in the North) real psychology, refers to the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Wang Chongyang founded the Quanzhen Guan
In the inner alchemy theory of mind. It is based on the traditional Taoism and Taoist thought, wide absorption,
The integration of Confucianism, especially the song agency, Buddhism, especially the Buddhist thoughts of Zen, combined with itself.
Practice is the basic category of Tao, heart, sex, God, Qi, emptiness, emptiness, static and essence, etc.
To explain the nature problem of inner alchemy, including syncretism, Taoism and immortal, quietism, Ming
Heart seeing, work for men, double the life etc., is the history of Taoism Chinese, ideological history unique style
Special heart theory.
Wang Chongyang is the founder of Quanzhen sect, is the founder of Quanzhen theory, he put forward the Quanzhen
Mind syncretism, know the heart seeing, double the life of basic ideas, establish Quanzhen unique
The color theory of mind. Ma Danyang's quiet self-cultivation, forget that the heart seeing, quietism, outline
The basic style of Quanzhen parapsychology. Longmen and qiuchuji sent his disciples from the "Inaction", "promising"
Two aspects of cultivation in Confucianism emphasizes the sermon, outside, inside and outside the double power lines, and taste, inside and outside,
It shows a strong spirit of entering the world, which can not only satisfy the psychological needs of the individual, but also meet the social group.
The body needs the reality, creatively developed and enriched the Taoism theory of mind by Hao Datong.
The Panshan school, represented by Wang Zhijin, was established to absorb the heart thought of Confucianism and Zen.
The heart is the starting point, to heart, into one feature with a strong color of the human nature theory of zen,
Advocate environment exercise heart, heart one, double power lines are congruent. Chuduan a tan, Wang, Liu Changsheng, sun
Only such Quanzhen seven sons, according to their practice, puts forward a distinctive mind greatly
To enrich the content of Quanzhen theory, the Quanzhen theory has become one of Zen Buddhism and Confucianism.
The Taoist theory of science and learning has written a brilliant page in the history of Chinese Taoism.
Li Daochun, Chen Zhixu and other masters of Quanzhen and both the north and south two, outside the Zen Buddhism and Taoism, forming a
The concept of category system of Quanzhen theory complete, the Quanzhen theory to a new peak, and finally
Lay the Quanzhen theory in Taoist history, ideological history, historical status of cultural history.
Quanzhen theory in the establishment and improvement of the process, the traditional culture China fusion and absorb the essence of
China, in particular, drew on and absorbed some ideas and theories of Confucianism, Buddhism and traditional Taoism.
First of all, Quanzhen "Quanzhen and immortal" religious ideal, is not the pursuit of the spirit of long Taoism
True, but eternal spiritual transcendence, and the Quanzhen Sect on Buddhist teachings form
A view of life are inseparable. Secondly, Quanzhen learned Buddhist and Confucian life is suffering heart
On the cultivation of thought, to transform the traditional Taoist immortal body, promote Inner Alchemy in Taoism
Prosperous. Again, the existence of Quanzhen in understanding the essence of human life, absorbed the Confucian
The benevolence and self ruling, altruism and the "hard top mount Buddhism
The spirit of dedication to benefit the world put heel ", advocate" really really ", Purdue, after the deceased
It has greatly changed the situation of the traditional Taoism in which the individual becomes immortal and ignores the salvation of all living beings.
From the perspective of philosophy, religion, from the perspective of history of thought, in-depth study of Quanzhen theory, a
Can help people further, fully understand the history and contribution of Quanzhen sect, to the public;
On the other hand can excavate the valuable Quanzhen theory of thought, make the past serve the present, the promotion of spiritual civilization
Construction and construction of a harmonious socialist society.
For the research of Quanzhen theory, always adhere to the dialectical materialism and historical materialism of the world
View and methodology persist in the unity of history and logic, and the unity of enlightenment and argumentation.
Study on Taoism, on behalf of many people. But the research mainly aims at the overall Quanzhen sect, more
The test of Quanzhen debate from the perspective of the history, also varying degrees of Quanzhen thought in
Han. This article from the history, theory point of view, to study the Taoist mind outline
The general features of Quanzhen parapsychology.
Key words: Jinyuan, Quanzhen, beizong, Wang Chongyang, mind

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：B959

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 陳明;全真道的道德修養(yǎng)論研究[D];中南大學(xué);2010年

2 張強(qiáng);馬鈺“全真”思想研究[D];山東大學(xué);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 趙永青;于道顯內(nèi)丹心性學(xué)研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2011年

2 侯照民;尹志平及其全真道思想研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2011年

3 王云燕;祁志誠全真道思想探究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2011年

4 賀可福;《性命圭旨》丹道理論探析[D];山東師范大學(xué);2012年

5 王光福;王志謹(jǐn)心性論研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號：1603373