本文關(guān)鍵詞：由文化多元主義向多元文化主義的轉(zhuǎn)變：20世紀(jì)美國(guó)宗教的多元化發(fā)展　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 宗教多元化 文化多元主義 多元文化主義

【摘要】： 宗教多元化是美國(guó)歷史中存在已久的事實(shí)。隨著新移民的不斷涌入,宗教多元化問(wèn)題被不斷賦予新的意義與內(nèi)容。二十世紀(jì),美國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)生了兩次大規(guī)模的移民潮,對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了重大影響,并且在社會(huì)文化與認(rèn)同方面引發(fā)了許多革命性的變化。這其中包括二十世紀(jì)兩次重要的文化思潮運(yùn)動(dòng):“文化多元主義”與“多元文化主義”運(yùn)動(dòng),在這兩次文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響之下,美國(guó)人民對(duì)于美國(guó)文化與民族認(rèn)同經(jīng)歷了從盎格-魯撒克遜白人的美國(guó)到歐洲白人的美國(guó)再到多元化的美國(guó)的改變。在宗教認(rèn)同方面,也經(jīng)歷了從新教的美國(guó)到基督宗教內(nèi)部多元化再到信仰多元化的變化。經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的發(fā)展,美國(guó)宗教多元化的內(nèi)涵不斷擴(kuò)大:從20世紀(jì)初期以前的新教一統(tǒng)天下到20世紀(jì)中期所形成的猶太教、天主教、新教三位一體的宗教主流,最后延伸至基督教以外的宗教信仰。通過(guò)對(duì)美國(guó)歷史的回顧,可以發(fā)現(xiàn),美國(guó)不僅擁有悠久的多元化歷史,更是一個(gè)基督教傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)家。二十世紀(jì)六十年代的移民潮,一改以往的歷史,帶來(lái)了大批來(lái)自非基督教信仰國(guó)家或地區(qū)的移民。一方面,這些新移民的到來(lái)不僅對(duì)美國(guó)人民傳統(tǒng)的基督教國(guó)家認(rèn)同提出了挑戰(zhàn),也對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)文化產(chǎn)生了重要影響。另一方面,在他們積極融入美國(guó)社會(huì)的同時(shí),這些新的移民也面臨著眾多來(lái)自宗教與文化等方面的挑戰(zhàn)。這些挑戰(zhàn)也為宗教多元化的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展提出了難題。
[Abstract]:Religious pluralism is a long-standing fact in the history of the United States. With the continuous influx of new immigrants, the issue of religious pluralism has been given new significance and content. 20th century. There have been two large-scale waves of immigrants in American society, which have had a great impact on American society. And it has caused many revolutionary changes in the aspect of social culture and identity, including two important cultural ideological movements in 20th century: "Cultural pluralism" and "multiculturalism". Under the influence of these two cultural movements. The American people have experienced changes in American culture and national identity from the Anglo-Saxon white America to the European white America to the pluralistic United States. It also experienced the change from Protestant America to the pluralism of Christian religion and then to the diversity of faith. After several centuries of development. The connotation of religious pluralism in the United States continues to expand: from the pre#date0# Protestantism to the religious mainstream of Judaism, Catholicism and Protestantism formed in the middle of 20th century. Through a review of American history, we can find that the United States not only has a long history of pluralism. In 1960s, the tide of immigrants changed the history, brought a large number of immigrants from non-Christian faith countries or regions. On the one hand. The arrival of these new immigrants not only challenges the traditional Christian nation identity of the American people, but also has an important impact on American social culture. On the other hand, they actively integrate into American society at the same time. These new immigrants also face numerous challenges from religion and culture. These challenges also pose problems for the further development of religious pluralism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B929

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