本文關(guān)鍵詞：民間信仰與村落生活　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 民間信仰 村落生活 村落控制 村落整合 心理慰藉

【摘要】：民間信仰是人類學(xué)最重要的研究對(duì)象之一,但直至今日,民間信仰的概念定義還很模糊,許多人類學(xué)、宗教學(xué)學(xué)者都對(duì)它下過(guò)定義,但并沒(méi)有達(dá)到統(tǒng)一,在普通人看來(lái)民間信仰可能就是燒香拜佛,搞迷信,因此我們有必要讓人們走出這個(gè)誤區(qū),力求讓大家看到一種不一樣的“深描”研究。 傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)為民間信仰是迷信的、愚昧的、落后的,是阻礙農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的最大障礙,但隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,民間信仰活動(dòng)并沒(méi)有消逝,這說(shuō)明民間信仰有它存在的合理性,它對(duì)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展可能存在著正功能,如整合、維護(hù)穩(wěn)定、心理依賴等。在選取H村作為調(diào)查點(diǎn)之后,對(duì)H村的自然地理環(huán)境以及社會(huì)歷史做了介紹,在這一過(guò)程中說(shuō)明了選取H村作為調(diào)查點(diǎn)的原因。 從王銘銘以及朱炳祥等學(xué)者對(duì)南方村落的民間信仰的研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看,應(yīng)該把民間信仰與村落生活聯(lián)系起來(lái)進(jìn)行研究,只有這樣才能使人們對(duì)民間信仰有更客觀的認(rèn)識(shí)。因此在對(duì)H村進(jìn)行調(diào)查時(shí),從H村的村落生活入手,首先介紹了村民家庭內(nèi)部的民間信仰,主要包括對(duì)祖先的祭拜以及各家庭神的祭拜等,論述了祭拜神靈的原因以及祭拜的儀式,從這一部分能夠看出,村民祭拜神靈主要是為了使自己的家庭獲得一種安全感。隨后介紹了村落中的各種廟宇神靈以及村落自然神靈,在這一部分論述了村民供奉村落神靈的原因,主要是為了使全村村民得到護(hù)佑。在對(duì)這兩部分進(jìn)行論述時(shí),從時(shí)間的角度對(duì)H村的民間信仰進(jìn)行了比較,主要分為四個(gè)階段,即建國(guó)前、建國(guó)后至文革前、文革中、文革后,在每一階段民間信仰都有不同的表現(xiàn)形式,得出了民間信仰存在變遷的事實(shí)。 在對(duì)H村的民間信仰有了基本了解之后,從具體的村落生活入手,分析了民間信仰在村落生活中所起的作用。具體來(lái)看主要論述了在祭祖、喪禮、求雨等儀式活動(dòng)中,民間信仰在其中所發(fā)揮的整合功能。通過(guò)H村村民在鬼神崇拜、祖先崇拜、自然物崇拜中所展示的儀式活動(dòng)看出,人們對(duì)它們的信仰更多地是出自于自身的心理需求,人們通過(guò)某種儀式祈求生兒育女、消災(zāi)祛病、風(fēng)調(diào)雨順等。在對(duì)民間信仰進(jìn)行深入分析時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)它在村民的心理上發(fā)生了變化,逐漸趨向“慣性”信仰。 毋容置疑,民間信仰也含有一些不利于現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)與和諧社會(huì)構(gòu)建的東西,其中巫術(shù)之類的迷信活動(dòng)在今天尤顯落后、愚昧。但我們也應(yīng)看到這類活動(dòng)有些已經(jīng)消失,有些則淡化乃至失去了神秘色彩。通過(guò)對(duì)H村村落生活與民間信仰的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),民間信仰存在著村落控制、村落整合以及心理慰藉的功能,這些功能對(duì)村落組織以及村落發(fā)展起著重要作用。因此我們應(yīng)該建立起完整的引導(dǎo)機(jī)制。在現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程中,通過(guò)科學(xué)引導(dǎo)、加強(qiáng)管理等方式使民間信仰朝著更規(guī)范的方向發(fā)展,使民間信仰真正成為一種大眾的文化觀念。
[Abstract]:The folk belief is one of the most important research object of anthropology, but until today, the definition of the concept of folk beliefs are still vague, many scholars of anthropology, religious studies have defined it, but did not reach a unified view, in the ordinary folk belief is probably pray superstitious, so we need to get people out of the the misunderstanding, to let everyone see a different kind of "deepdescription" research.
The traditional folk belief is a superstition, ignorance, backwardness, is the biggest obstacle to the development of rural economy, but with the development of economy and society, the folk belief activities did not disappear, the folk belief has its reasonableness, the development of the rural economy society may have positive functions, such as integration. The maintenance of stability, psychological dependence. After selecting H village as the survey points, the natural geographical environment and social history in the village of H is introduced, in this process the reasons for choosing H village as the survey points.
From Wang Mingming, Zhu Bingxiang and other scholars research experience on the South Village folk belief, folk beliefs and village life should be linked to study, the only way to make people have a more objective understanding of the folk belief. So in the investigation on H village, starting from H village life, first introduced the villagers within the family of folk belief, including the worship of ancestors and worship the God of the family, discusses the reasons and worship the gods worship ceremony, seen from this part, the villagers worship primarily to enable their families to get a sense of security. Then introduced the village in various temples of the gods and the village natural gods, in this part discusses the village villagers worship gods, mainly in order to make the villagers get covered. In the two part, from the time The comparison of the folk beliefs in H village is mainly divided into four stages, that is, before the founding of the people's Republic of China, after the founding of the people's Republic of China, before the cultural revolution, there were different forms of folk belief at every stage after the Great Cultural Revolution, and the fact that the folk beliefs had changed.
After a basic understanding of H village folk beliefs, starting from the specific analysis of the village life, folk belief plays a role in village life. Specifically, mainly discussed in worship, funeral, rain and other ritual activities, exert the function of integrating the folk belief in the village by H. The ghost worship, ancestor worship, nature worship display ceremony that belief in them is more from their psychological needs, people pray for children, through some kind of ritual. Their illnesses and good weather, it changed in the village of psychology found in the in-depth analysis of the folk faith, gradually "inertia" beliefs.
There is no doubt that the folk belief also contains some is not conducive to the modernization construction and the construction of harmonious society, including witchcraft like superstitious activities in today is particularly backward, ignorance. But we should also see some of these activities have disappeared, some even lost the desalination of mystery. Through the study of H Village and folk life faith found that folk beliefs exist village village integration and control, psychological comfort function, these functions play an important role in the village organization and the village development. So we should establish a complete guide mechanism. In the process of modernization, through scientific guidance, strengthen management and other ways to make folk beliefs toward a more standardized the direction of development, make the folk belief truly become a kind of popular culture concept.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：B933

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 索林娜;寧德霍童鄉(xiāng)村信仰文化人類學(xué)考察[D];福建師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1397868