萬(wàn)歷三十六年江南水災(zāi)、糧食危機(jī)與社會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-08-07 16:42
【摘要】：萬(wàn)歷三十六年江南水災(zāi),持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、波及范圍廣、破壞層級(jí)高,時(shí)人視為"二百年來(lái)未有之災(zāi)",是晚明江南最為嚴(yán)重的水災(zāi)之一,然清官修《明史·五行志》對(duì)此卻漏載。此次水災(zāi),致使江南廣大區(qū)域糧食生產(chǎn)嚴(yán)重受損、搶米之變屢屢發(fā)生,形成嚴(yán)重的農(nóng)業(yè)困境與糧食危機(jī)。為應(yīng)對(duì)水災(zāi),明政府實(shí)施了官方蠲賑,社會(huì)也積極應(yīng)對(duì),出現(xiàn)了作物補(bǔ)種引種的高潮、催生了荒政史籍的集中出現(xiàn)。然而,由于神宗怠政,政治昏暗;財(cái)力俱竭,公私交困;效率低下,蠲賑難求;水利廢弛,隱患難消等原因,水災(zāi)應(yīng)對(duì)既無(wú)力又無(wú)奈,折射出明王朝全面衰落的歷史事實(shí)。
[Abstract]:In the 36 years of Wanli, the flood in the south of the Yangtze River lasted for a long time, spread a wide range, and had a high level of destruction. It was regarded as "a disaster that has not occurred in the past two hundred years." it was one of the most serious floods in the south of the Yangtze River in the late Ming Dynasty. The flood caused serious damage to grain production in the vast areas of the south of the Yangtze River, and rice grabbing occurred repeatedly, resulting in serious agricultural predicament and food crisis. In order to deal with the flood, the Ming government implemented the official relief, the society also actively responded to it, there appeared the climax of crop replanting and introduction, and gave birth to the concentration of historical records of desolation. However, due to the idleness of Shenzong, the dim politics, the exhaustion of financial resources, the difficulties of public and private affairs, the low efficiency, the difficulty of relief, the waste of water conservancy and the difficulty of eliminating hidden dangers, the flood response was both powerless and helpless, reflecting the historical fact that the Ming Dynasty had declined in an all-round way.
【作者單位】： 河南師范大學(xué);
【基金】：2013年教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)研究青年基金項(xiàng)目“明清時(shí)期華北平原糧食種植結(jié)構(gòu)變遷研究”(13YJC770026) 2015年河南省社會(huì)科學(xué)規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目“唐宋時(shí)期華北平原糧食種植結(jié)構(gòu)變遷研究”(2015BLS023)階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：K248.3
，
本文編號(hào)：2524065
[Abstract]:In the 36 years of Wanli, the flood in the south of the Yangtze River lasted for a long time, spread a wide range, and had a high level of destruction. It was regarded as "a disaster that has not occurred in the past two hundred years." it was one of the most serious floods in the south of the Yangtze River in the late Ming Dynasty. The flood caused serious damage to grain production in the vast areas of the south of the Yangtze River, and rice grabbing occurred repeatedly, resulting in serious agricultural predicament and food crisis. In order to deal with the flood, the Ming government implemented the official relief, the society also actively responded to it, there appeared the climax of crop replanting and introduction, and gave birth to the concentration of historical records of desolation. However, due to the idleness of Shenzong, the dim politics, the exhaustion of financial resources, the difficulties of public and private affairs, the low efficiency, the difficulty of relief, the waste of water conservancy and the difficulty of eliminating hidden dangers, the flood response was both powerless and helpless, reflecting the historical fact that the Ming Dynasty had declined in an all-round way.
【作者單位】： 河南師范大學(xué);
【基金】：2013年教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)研究青年基金項(xiàng)目“明清時(shí)期華北平原糧食種植結(jié)構(gòu)變遷研究”(13YJC770026) 2015年河南省社會(huì)科學(xué)規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目“唐宋時(shí)期華北平原糧食種植結(jié)構(gòu)變遷研究”(2015BLS023)階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：K248.3
，
本文編號(hào)：2524065
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