【摘要】：濫觴于先秦時(shí)期的君子觀念在中國傳統(tǒng)文化的發(fā)展過程中具有重要意義。在殷周之際國家與社會制度變革的背景下,原本存在的“君”與“子”概念逐漸合流,“君——子”作為一個(gè)新的復(fù)合概念應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,成為描述早期宗法制度下商王繼承人獨(dú)特身份的準(zhǔn)確概念,現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)中“君子”概念“尊貴性”的早期涵義也同樣在這一邏輯過程中誕生。繼而隨著殷周之際人文精神的躍動,包括“君子”以及與之相關(guān)的“天”“德”等概念都經(jīng)歷了關(guān)鍵性的涵義變化。在周人天命觀念的下落的同時(shí),“天”與“君子”的概念逐漸與抽象的“德性”發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián),進(jìn)而推動了“君子”涵義由“位”而“德”的引申。與此同時(shí),君子觀念通過內(nèi)外兩條線索分別與金玉山水等自然意象發(fā)生了一系列關(guān)聯(lián),其一是藉天命論為紐帶與古代玉文化交匯融通,其二則是通過以自然之物“比德”這一古代中國獨(dú)特的審美情趣為關(guān)聯(lián)途徑。西周以降,階級因素長期在時(shí)人君子觀念中占有一席之地,直到孔子及其后的思想家們通過其在天人關(guān)系上的哲學(xué)突破徹底改造了這一狀況�！拜S心突破”后諸子雖對“君子之道”各有發(fā)明,但對“道”的追求仍是其自三代文化傳統(tǒng)繼承而來的共識。其中值得注意的還有儒家“君子”與更高境界的“圣人”皆為“師”的重要特征以及這一特征與“圣人”概念誕生的哲學(xué)意義所共同深刻反映出的早期儒學(xué)與生俱來的弘道意識。
[Abstract]:The concept of gentleman, which originated in the pre-Qin period, is of great significance in the development of Chinese traditional culture. Under the background of the reform of state and social system in Yin and Zhou dynasties, the original concepts of "monarch" and "son" gradually confluent. "Jun-Zi", as a new compound concept, came into being and became an accurate concept describing the unique identity of the heir of Shang king under the early patriarchal system. The early meaning of the concept of "gentleman" in the existing literature was also born in this logical process. Then, with the leap of humanistic spirit in Yin and Zhou dynasties, including the concepts of "gentleman" and related concepts such as "heaven" and "virtue", they all experienced key changes in meaning. At the same time, the concepts of "heaven" and "gentleman" are gradually related to the abstract "virtue", which promotes the extension of the meaning of "gentleman" from "position" to "virtue". At the same time, the concept of gentleman has a series of connections with the natural images such as Jinyu landscape through internal and external clues, one is to connect with the ancient jade culture through the theory of destiny, and the other is to connect with the unique aesthetic taste of ancient China, the natural thing "Bede". In the Western Zhou Dynasty, class factors occupied a place in the concept of gentleman for a long time, until Confucius and his subsequent thinkers completely transformed this situation through their philosophical breakthrough in the relationship between heaven and man. Although the sons of "the way of the gentleman" were invented after the "axial breakthrough", the pursuit of "Tao" is still the consensus inherited from the cultural traditions of the three generations. Among them, it is worth noting that the Confucian "gentleman" and the "sage" in the higher realm are the important characteristics of "teacher" and the philosophical significance of the birth of the concept of "sage".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：K22

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