文化史研究的省思
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-15 20:39
【摘要】：20世紀(jì)80年代以來,中國近代文化史研究雖取得長足進(jìn)展,但對其理論問題尚乏充分討論。這一狀況,非常不利于研究的持久深入。為了推進(jìn)中國近代文化史研究的理論思考,我們邀請六位教授,就相關(guān)問題發(fā)表各自的高見。鄭師渠認(rèn)為:要正確解讀20世紀(jì)初年中國社會文化思潮的變動,必須進(jìn)一步超越既有的定勢思維,將之置于歐戰(zhàn)前后現(xiàn)代思潮變動的大視野下考察,引入反省現(xiàn)代性思潮這一新的視角,把握現(xiàn)代性與反省現(xiàn)代性的搏擊與統(tǒng)一,才能得出更合乎歷史實(shí)際的認(rèn)識。史革新認(rèn)為:在近代中國新文化理論諸說中,近代文明觀是形成較早的文化理論學(xué)說,它固然有對傳統(tǒng)文化觀念的繼承,但更主要的是對輸入于歐美、日本的文明觀的吸收,實(shí)為中國近代思想文化的發(fā)展提供了一個新的起點(diǎn)。鄭大華認(rèn)為:加強(qiáng)社會變遷與文化轉(zhuǎn)型之互動關(guān)系的研究,對于深化中國近代文化史的研究具有十分重要的意義,因?yàn)樯鐣冞w引起文化轉(zhuǎn)型,并決定著文化轉(zhuǎn)型的性質(zhì)和速率,而文化轉(zhuǎn)型又對社會變遷有著重要影響,有時還為下一步的社會變遷制造或提供思想前提。黃興濤認(rèn)為:文化史研究由三個層面組成,一是文化人物、事件、各文化分支門類自身一般狀況的研究;二是多種文化因素整合而成的"文化現(xiàn)象"的發(fā)現(xiàn)和闡釋;三是文化與社會政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等的互動關(guān)系的研究,尤其應(yīng)注重"社會的文化史"與"文化的社會史"之間的互動關(guān)系。李帆認(rèn)為:中國近代學(xué)術(shù)史研究有其自身的特色所在,分期方面不完全等同于政治史,研究對象、視角和思想史有所不同,不過沒必要強(qiáng)分畛域,研究視野上則要有文化史的視野,文化史是其基本依托。張昭軍認(rèn)為:中國近代文化史研究對象的確定,一是要以新文化的生成、發(fā)展為主線,兼顧近代歷史上的其他文化;二是要將文化史作為類文化的歷史,而非專史的簡單拼合;三是既把文化作為研究對象,又視為不斷發(fā)展的理論方法;四是要處理好"外在取向"與"內(nèi)在理路"的關(guān)系。以下刊出他們的精彩論述,希望能對關(guān)注這方面問題的讀者有所幫助,也期望學(xué)界同仁參與討論。
[Abstract]:Since 1980's, great progress has been made in the study of modern Chinese cultural history, but its theoretical problems have not been fully discussed. This situation is very detrimental to the lasting and in-depth study. In order to promote the theoretical thinking of the study of modern Chinese cultural history, we invited six professors to express their views on related issues. Zheng Shiqu believes that in order to correctly interpret the changes of Chinese social and cultural trend of thought in the early 20th century, we must further transcend the existing fixed thinking, put it in the perspective of the changes of modern thoughts before and after the European War, introduce the new perspective of introspect on the trend of thought of modernization, and grasp the struggle and unity of modernization and introspect in order to obtain a more realistic understanding of history. According to historical innovation, in the theory of modern Chinese new culture, the view of modern civilization is an early theory of cultural theory. Although it inherits the concept of traditional culture, it is more important to absorb the concept of civilization imported into Europe, the United States and Japan, which provides a new starting point for the development of modern Chinese ideology and culture. Zheng Dahua believes that strengthening the study of the interactive relationship between social change and cultural transformation is of great significance for deepening the study of modern Chinese cultural history, because social change leads to cultural transformation and determines the nature and rate of cultural transformation, and cultural transformation has an important impact on social change, sometimes creating or providing ideological premise for the next step of social change. Huang Xingtao believes that the study of cultural history consists of three levels, one is the study of cultural figures, events and the general situation of each cultural branch itself; the other is the discovery and interpretation of "cultural phenomena" formed by the integration of various cultural factors; the third is the study of the interactive relationship between culture, social politics, economy and so on, especially the interactive relationship between "social cultural history" and "cultural social history". Li Fan believes that the study of modern Chinese academic history has its own characteristics, and the stage is not exactly the same as political history, the object of study, the perspective of view and the history of thought are different, but there is no need to divide the scope strongly, but the research field of vision should have the vision of cultural history, and cultural history is its basic support. Zhang Zhaojun believes that the determination of the research object of modern Chinese cultural history is to take the formation and development of new culture as the main line, taking into account other cultures in modern history; second, to regard cultural history as the history of quasi-culture, rather than as a simple combination of special history; third, to regard culture as both the object of study and the theoretical method of continuous development; and fourth, to deal with the relationship between "external orientation" and "internal rational road". The following wonderful discussions are published in the hope of helping readers concerned with this issue, and colleagues in the academic community are also expected to participate in the discussion.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學(xué)清史研究所
【分類號】：K203
[Abstract]:Since 1980's, great progress has been made in the study of modern Chinese cultural history, but its theoretical problems have not been fully discussed. This situation is very detrimental to the lasting and in-depth study. In order to promote the theoretical thinking of the study of modern Chinese cultural history, we invited six professors to express their views on related issues. Zheng Shiqu believes that in order to correctly interpret the changes of Chinese social and cultural trend of thought in the early 20th century, we must further transcend the existing fixed thinking, put it in the perspective of the changes of modern thoughts before and after the European War, introduce the new perspective of introspect on the trend of thought of modernization, and grasp the struggle and unity of modernization and introspect in order to obtain a more realistic understanding of history. According to historical innovation, in the theory of modern Chinese new culture, the view of modern civilization is an early theory of cultural theory. Although it inherits the concept of traditional culture, it is more important to absorb the concept of civilization imported into Europe, the United States and Japan, which provides a new starting point for the development of modern Chinese ideology and culture. Zheng Dahua believes that strengthening the study of the interactive relationship between social change and cultural transformation is of great significance for deepening the study of modern Chinese cultural history, because social change leads to cultural transformation and determines the nature and rate of cultural transformation, and cultural transformation has an important impact on social change, sometimes creating or providing ideological premise for the next step of social change. Huang Xingtao believes that the study of cultural history consists of three levels, one is the study of cultural figures, events and the general situation of each cultural branch itself; the other is the discovery and interpretation of "cultural phenomena" formed by the integration of various cultural factors; the third is the study of the interactive relationship between culture, social politics, economy and so on, especially the interactive relationship between "social cultural history" and "cultural social history". Li Fan believes that the study of modern Chinese academic history has its own characteristics, and the stage is not exactly the same as political history, the object of study, the perspective of view and the history of thought are different, but there is no need to divide the scope strongly, but the research field of vision should have the vision of cultural history, and cultural history is its basic support. Zhang Zhaojun believes that the determination of the research object of modern Chinese cultural history is to take the formation and development of new culture as the main line, taking into account other cultures in modern history; second, to regard cultural history as the history of quasi-culture, rather than as a simple combination of special history; third, to regard culture as both the object of study and the theoretical method of continuous development; and fourth, to deal with the relationship between "external orientation" and "internal rational road". The following wonderful discussions are published in the hope of helping readers concerned with this issue, and colleagues in the academic community are also expected to participate in the discussion.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學(xué)清史研究所
【分類號】：K203
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