本文選題：王鳴盛 + 《新唐書(shū)》�。� 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：清乾嘉年間是我國(guó)古代歷史考據(jù)學(xué)興盛的時(shí)期,考據(jù)人才輩出,王鳴盛就是其中杰出的代表之一,他與錢大昕、趙翼并稱為乾嘉三大考史學(xué)家。王鳴盛對(duì)唐代歷史的研究有著重要的貢獻(xiàn),首先表現(xiàn)為對(duì)新、舊《唐書(shū)》的研究取得了較大的成就。王鳴盛對(duì)兩《唐書(shū)》的史料來(lái)源、編撰體例、內(nèi)容、書(shū)法等作了詳細(xì)的考辨,總結(jié)出了兩書(shū)編撰上的優(yōu)劣得失;他還對(duì)兩《唐書(shū)》的文本作了細(xì)致的�？�,糾正了兩書(shū)文字上的錯(cuò)訛、脫漏和衍羨;他考證兩《唐書(shū)》的方法主要有歸納法、比較法、碑史互證法等,其中碑史互證法是其考史的一大特色,這些方法在其考證兩《唐書(shū)》的過(guò)程中相輔相成、綜合使用,取得很好的考證效果,對(duì)今天的史學(xué)研究具有重要的借鑒意義。他考證兩《唐書(shū)》的內(nèi)容深入具體,取得了豐碩的成果,值得后人借鑒。王鳴盛非常重視對(duì)唐代典章制度的考察,尤其是在官制、地理、兵制、考試制度、禮制等方面用力尤多。王鳴盛對(duì)唐代職官制度的研究,涉及到唐代的中樞機(jī)構(gòu)、官祿爵位等級(jí)、官制的變遷等方面;地理方面主要是對(duì)兩《唐書(shū)》地名錯(cuò)訛、唐代的相似地名及專有地名、政區(qū)建置演變和地理形勝等方面;兵制方面主要是對(duì)唐代府兵制、募兵制以及唐中后期宦官典兵弊端等方面的考察;科舉考試方面重點(diǎn)是對(duì)唐代科舉取士的基本特點(diǎn)及其優(yōu)劣的辯說(shuō);文化方面包括對(duì)唐代的避諱文化和禮制文化等方面的考察。王鳴盛在對(duì)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)史料細(xì)致考察的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)唐代的典章制度進(jìn)行了深入的探究,為后世能比較清晰地了解唐代制度的特色及制度的沿革演變作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。此外,王鳴盛對(duì)唐代的重要史實(shí)及歷史人物進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),他的評(píng)說(shuō)觀點(diǎn)鮮明,不隨俗流,在尊重事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上,客觀公正地評(píng)價(jià)史實(shí)和人物,確立了知人論世的原則。當(dāng)然,王鳴盛考證唐史的過(guò)程中也存在一些缺漏和不足,如兩《唐書(shū)》校勘上的疏漏,史評(píng)上有些地方明顯過(guò)于苛刻,考證中遺留的存疑問(wèn)題過(guò)多等,這些問(wèn)題需要我們特別注意。總體來(lái)說(shuō),王鳴盛唐史研究的成就是豐碩的,考察了兩《唐書(shū)》編撰的特點(diǎn),細(xì)致考辨了唐代的典章制度,在唐代重要史實(shí)及人物的評(píng)價(jià)上不落俗套,見(jiàn)解獨(dú)到,他的真知灼見(jiàn)給后世治史者很大的啟發(fā),為后人研究唐史提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:The Qianjia period of Qing Dynasty was the prosperous period of ancient historical textual research in China. Wang Mingsheng was one of the outstanding representatives of textual research talents. He, along with Qian Daxin and Zhao Yi, were called historians of Qianjia three major examinations. Wang Ming-sheng has made great contributions to the study of Tang Dynasty history. Wang Mingsheng made a detailed study of the sources of historical materials, compilation methods, contents, calligraphy, and so on of the two "Tang Shu", and summed up the pros and cons of the compilation of the two books; he also made a detailed collation of the two "Tang Shu" texts. He corrected the errors in the texts of the two books, got them out of the way and exuded envy; his textual research on the two "Tang Books" mainly included induction, comparative law, and the method of cross-proving of the history of the monument, among which the method of cross-proving of the history of the tablet was a major feature of his examination of the history. These methods complement each other in the process of their textual research and comprehensive use to obtain good textual research results, which is of great significance for the study of historiography today. His textual research on the contents of the two books of the Tang Dynasty is profound and concrete, and he has made fruitful achievements, which are worthy of reference by later generations. Wang Ming-sheng attached great importance to the inspection of Tang Dynasty regulations, especially in the official system, geography, military system, examination system, etiquette and so on. Wang Mingsheng's research on the official system of the Tang Dynasty involves the central organization of the Tang Dynasty, the rank of the official and the rank of the rank, the change of the official system, and so on; the geographical aspect is mainly the mistake of the two "Tang Shu" names, the similar place names and the exclusive place names in the Tang Dynasty. The military system is mainly about the military system of the Tang Dynasty, the recruitment system and the malpractice of the eunuchs in the middle and late period of the Tang Dynasty. The Keystone of imperial examination is to argue about the basic characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of the imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty, and the cultural aspect includes the investigation of the culture of taboo and the culture of etiquette in the Tang Dynasty. On the basis of careful investigation of relevant historical documents, Wang Mingsheng made a deep exploration of the system of the Tang Dynasty, which made an important contribution to the understanding of the characteristics of the system of the Tang Dynasty and the evolution of the system in later generations. In addition, Wang Ming-sheng evaluated the important historical facts and historical figures of the Tang Dynasty. His comments had a clear viewpoint, did not follow the popular trend, and objectively and fairly evaluated historical facts and figures on the basis of respecting the facts, and established the principle of knowing the people and discussing the world. Of course, in the course of Wang Mingsheng's textual research into the history of the Tang Dynasty, there are also some omissions and deficiencies, such as the omissions in the collation of the two "Tang Books", the obvious harshness in some parts of the history review, and the excessive number of questions left over in the textual research, and so on. These problems require our special attention. On the whole, Wang Ming's achievements in the study of the history of the prosperous Tang Dynasty have been fruitful. The characteristics of the compilation of the two "Tang Dynasty Books" have been investigated, and the rules and regulations of the Tang Dynasty have been carefully examined and distinguished. The important historical facts of the Tang Dynasty and the evaluation of the figures are not out of line, and their opinions are unique. His insights enlighten the later scholars and provide new ideas for the later generations to study the history of the Tang Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：K242

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