本文選題：打牲烏拉總管衙門 + 打牲��； 參考：《吉林師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：打牲烏拉總管衙門是清代專為“打牲”而設立的朝貢衙門。從順治十四年(1657)建立,到光緒三十二年(1905)裁撤,前后存在二百多年,幾乎與清王朝相始終。在它二百多年的存續(xù)過程中,從最初僅有數(shù)百人的采捕組織,到發(fā)展成為轄有數(shù)萬旗民的朝貢衙署,其人口、轄地以及轄區(qū)的社會經(jīng)濟文化都發(fā)生了較大變化,在東北地區(qū)的開發(fā)、地方社會發(fā)展等方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。本研究以烏拉地區(qū)“打牲”活動的興衰為主線,以相關滿漢文文獻、檔案資料,旗人家譜及方志等為主要資料依據(jù),綜合運用歷史學、社會學、民族學等多學科研究方法,對打牲烏拉總管衙門的設立、職能及興衰等相關問題進行了系統(tǒng)梳理與研究。主要包括五個部分:第一部分主要對選題的背景、意義以及前人的研究進行了梳理;第二部分圍繞“打牲”活動與清王朝政治及皇室生活的需要,分析了打牲烏拉總管衙門設立的情況;第三部分主要分析了打牲活動的管理及打牲官員設置的情況;第四與第五部分是本文的核心,集中分析考證了清代烏拉地區(qū)打牲活動的興衰與打牲烏拉總管衙門地位升降的關系,尤其對東珠、鱘鰉魚采捕與打牲衙門衰落的內在聯(lián)系,對東珠本身的價值等前人鮮有涉及的問題進行了深入挖掘與考證。本研究認為,從后金至清,烏拉地區(qū)的“打牲”活動對于滿洲人而言,其主要職能經(jīng)歷了一個從“經(jīng)濟需求”到“政治需要”的轉變,“打牲”活動的興衰就意味著打牲烏拉總管衙門的興衰,而打牲烏拉總管衙門的興衰也印證著有清一代王朝的興與衰�？梢哉f,一部打牲烏拉興衰史就是一部微縮的清朝興衰史。
[Abstract]:The Yamen was set up in Qing Dynasty for the purpose of "beating animals".From the establishment of Shunzhi in 14 years to the abolition of Guang Xu in 32, there existed for more than 200 years, almost as long as the Qing Dynasty.In the course of its existence for more than two hundred years, from the initial collection and capture organization of only a few hundred people to the development of a tributary government office with tens of thousands of flag people under its jurisdiction, its population, jurisdiction, and social, economic and cultural changes have taken place in its jurisdiction.In the development of the Northeast region, local social development has played an important role.The main line of this study is the rise and fall of the activities of "hitting animals" in the Wula area, and the main data basis is related to the Chinese literature, archives, family tree and local chronicles, and the comprehensive use of multi-disciplinary research methods, such as history, sociology, ethnology, etc.This paper systematically combs and studies the establishment, function, rise and fall and so on.It mainly includes five parts: the first part mainly combs the background, significance and predecessors' research of the topic, the second part revolves around the activities of "attacking animals" and the need of Qing Dynasty politics and royal life.The third part mainly analyzes the management of the killing activities and the setting up of the officials. The fourth and fifth parts are the core of this paper.This paper focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the rise and fall of the activities of beating animals in the Wula area of the Qing Dynasty and the rise and fall of the position of the Yamen of the Wula, especially for the internal relations between the fishing of the East Pearl, the gathering of the Sturgeon and the decline of the Yamen.The value of Dongzhu itself and other problems rarely involved in this paper are deeply excavated and researched.This study holds that, from the post-Jin to the Qing Dynasty, the main functions of the "beating animals" in the Ura area have undergone a transition from "economic needs" to "political needs" for Manchu people.The rise and fall of the activity of "beating animals" means the rise and fall of the Yamen of the chief of the management of the animal, and the rise and fall of the government office of the chief of the fight against the beast also confirms the rise and fall of the Qing dynasty.It can be said that a history of the rise and fall of Sheila is a miniature history of the rise and fall of the Qing Dynasty.
【學位授予單位】：吉林師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K249

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