本文選題：司馬遷　切入點：《史記》　出處：《南京師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：司馬遷所著《史記》是我國正史的開端,對后世影響巨大。當我們探索其成書背景時,《春秋》扮演了重要角色,要想進一步了解《史記》成書及司馬遷的史學思想,理解司馬遷的《春秋》觀成了必要。第一章,通過探討漢初對秦亡教訓的反思與黃老無為的關系,我們了解到文景之治的形成離不開這樣的歷史反思,同時,黃老道家也對司馬談影響甚深。而當景、武時代,儒學興起時,身為黃老道家的司馬談也受漢武帝好儒術、議封禪的影響,表示了對儒學的接納,在此背景中形成繼《春秋》著史的志愿,并將此志愿傳之司馬遷。在第二章中,通過借助《史記會注考證》來搜羅司馬遷敘述春秋史的史料來源,我們看出司馬遷在書寫春秋史時,《春秋》經傳所具有的重要史料價值,同時,也看到司馬遷的春秋史敘述已超出《春秋》經傳的范疇,無論是在敘史中運用《國語》、諸子及今已逸書,還是其對《春秋》經傳的拆解重構與補充,都可實實在在地證明這一點。第三章通過比較司馬遷與董仲舒的異同,挖掘《史記》中的公羊學,我們發(fā)現司馬遷所積極倡導的太初改歷即有受董仲舒“三統(tǒng)”說影響,而“大一統(tǒng)”思想則是《史記》書寫中貫徹得最為徹底的公羊學說,但公羊學及董仲舒的影響并未泛化,如在災異學說上,司馬遷與董仲舒的差異即較明顯。當我們討論到《史記》所受《左傳》影響時,發(fā)現《左傳》長于敘史的特點對《史記》實錄的形成具有重要意義,同時,我們也發(fā)現,司馬遷提出以禮說《春秋》實有《左傳》學者賈誼影響,而非向壁虛造。當討論到《史記》中的z@梁學時,我們對學界有一定影響的日本學者本田成之所認為的《史記》記載漢景帝時黃生、轅固生論“湯武革命”涉及《z@梁傳》的說法進行了辯正。司馬遷的《史記》,是繼《春秋》而作,其所以能“成一家之言”,開我國紀傳體正史的先河,在于司馬遷尊經而不泥經,這又恰與當時經學初興的時代背景不無關聯(lián)。
[Abstract]:< > written by Sima Qian is the beginning of China's official history records, a tremendous impact on future generations. When we explore its background, "spring and Autumn" played an important role, in order to further understand the < > records into a book and Sima Qian's historical thought, and understanding of Sima Qian's view of < > became necessary. The first chapter the relationship between the early Han Dynasty of Qin Dynasty from the reflection and Huanglao inaction, we understand that Wenjingzhizhi cannot do without the formation of historical reflection, so at the same time, Huang Lao also spoke to Sima about deep influence. And when the king, Wu era, the rise of Confucianism, as Huang Lao Sima talk by the Han Dynasty Confucianism influence on good, Fengshan, said the acceptance of Confucianism, this background formed in the history of the spring and Autumn period following the < > volunteer, and the voluntary transfer of Sima Qian. In the second chapter, by means of historical research to be < note > for Sima Qian described the history of the spring and autumn of historical sources, I They see Sima Qian in writing the history of the spring and autumn, spring and autumn classics > < important historical value, at the same time, also saw Sima Qian's narrative history of the spring and Autumn period has been exceeded by the < > and < category, whether the use of Mandarin in Syria > history, scholars and now Yi book, or the "spring and Autumn" the reconstruction and supplement dismantling pass, can truly prove it. The third chapter compares the similarities and differences between Sima Qian and Dong Zhongshu, < > in the mining records of the ram school, we found that Sima Qian advocated in the beginning of the calendar reform by Dong Zhongshu's "three series" influence, and the "unified" the idea is to implement in writing < > records the most thorough Gongyang theory, but the influence of Gongyang and Dong Zhongshu did not generalization, as in disaster theory, Sima Qian and Dong Zhongshu that the difference was obvious. When we talk about "historical records by < > > of < Zuozhuan, found Left Biography > longer than Syria The history of the formation of characteristics of historical records in < > is important, at the same time, we also found that Sima Qian proposed by said spring is < > > < Zuozhuan scholar Jia Yi, instead. When discussing the "records of the historian's > z@ in Liang Xueshi, we have a certain influence on the academic study of Honda Japan the < > that records recorded when the Han Emperor Huang," Tang Wu Xuanyuan solid theory of revolution "relates to statement were on Sima Qian's historical records. < >, < > is the spring and autumn, so it's able to" open our statements of a school ", biographical history precedent. In Sima Qian respect by not after, it was exactly with the beginning of the era of classics are not unrelated.

【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K204.2

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