【摘要】：近些年我國地震災(zāi)害頻發(fā),尤其是在2008年汶川特大地震后,國家高度關(guān)注地震應(yīng)急機(jī)制的建立,形成了一套相對完善的地震應(yīng)急體系。2010年4月14日,青海玉樹發(fā)生了里氏7.1級地震,各級政府在組織汶川地震救援時積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn),但是在青海玉樹地震應(yīng)急救援過程中還是出現(xiàn)了很多新困難和新問題,這表明高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。目前學(xué)術(shù)界缺少針對高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急過程的研究。本文從公共產(chǎn)品供給的角度對高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急過程進(jìn)行分析,探尋適應(yīng)高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急過程中公共產(chǎn)品有效供給的途徑。 本文立足于高寒山區(qū)特殊的自然環(huán)境、社會人文和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展等因素,研究高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急的特殊性,并在此基礎(chǔ)上分析高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急過程中公共產(chǎn)品供給存在的問題,詳細(xì)闡釋了問題形成的原因。在地震應(yīng)急過程期間,政府對公共產(chǎn)品的供給直接影響著救援工作能否順利開展,而政府對高寒山區(qū)特殊性認(rèn)識不足、公共產(chǎn)品資金投入少、供給機(jī)制缺失、供給主體不明等因素,導(dǎo)致了公共產(chǎn)品供給總量小、供給效率低、供給結(jié)構(gòu)失衡等問題,影響了高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急過程中公共產(chǎn)品的供給質(zhì)量和效率,制約了高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急救援過程。文章最后,結(jié)合所學(xué)的公共經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論,在高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急過程中公共產(chǎn)品的供給存在的問題和原因的研究基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)提出了高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急管理過程中公共產(chǎn)品的有效供給途徑,這些途徑包括設(shè)計(jì)針對性的供給方案、健全供給主體、完善供給范圍和財(cái)政資金轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度,此外,政府部門可以通過完善公共產(chǎn)品的供給來吸引居住分散的居民移居,從而提高公共產(chǎn)品的配置效率,并對其效用進(jìn)行了模型論證。從一定程度彌補(bǔ)了現(xiàn)有研究的空白,對高寒山區(qū)地震應(yīng)急具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the frequent occurrence of earthquake disasters in China, especially after the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the state paid great attention to the establishment of earthquake emergency response mechanism, and formed a relatively perfect earthquake emergency response system. April 14, 2010, The earthquake of magnitude 7.1 on the Richter scale occurred in Yushu, Qinghai. Governments at all levels have accumulated rich experience in organizing the Wenchuan earthquake rescue, but in the emergency rescue process of the earthquake in Yushu, Qinghai, many new difficulties and problems have emerged. This indicates that the earthquake emergency in the alpine mountain areas faces great challenges. At present, there is a lack of research on earthquake emergency process in alpine mountain area. This paper analyzes the process of earthquake emergency in alpine mountainous area from the point of view of public product supply, and explores the ways to adapt to the effective supply of public goods in the course of earthquake emergency in alpine mountain area. Based on the special natural environment, social humanities and economic development in alpine mountain areas, this paper studies the particularity of earthquake emergency response in alpine mountainous areas, and analyzes the problems existing in the supply of public goods in the earthquake emergency response process in alpine mountainous areas. The causes of the problem are explained in detail. During the period of earthquake emergency, the government's supply of public goods directly affects whether the rescue work can be carried out smoothly. However, the government has insufficient understanding of the particularity of alpine mountain areas, less investment of public goods funds, and lack of supply mechanism. Such factors as unclear main body of supply lead to the problems of small total supply of public goods, low efficiency of supply, imbalance of supply structure and so on, which affect the quality and efficiency of supply of public goods during earthquake emergency in high and cold mountainous areas. It restricts the process of earthquake emergency rescue in high and cold mountain area. Finally, combined with the theory of public economics, on the basis of the research on the problems and causes of the supply of public goods in the earthquake emergency in the high and cold mountain areas, The effective supply ways of public goods in the process of earthquake emergency management in alpine mountainous areas are summarized and put forward. These ways include designing targeted supply schemes, perfecting the supply main body, perfecting the supply range and the financial fund transfer payment system, in addition, The government can improve the supply of public goods to attract the residents living scattered emigration, so as to improve the efficiency of the allocation of public goods, and the effectiveness of the model is demonstrated. To some extent, it makes up for the blank of the existing research, and has certain guiding significance for earthquake emergency response in alpine mountain areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D035;X43

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