全球化背景下發(fā)展中國家制度借鑒探析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-06 18:57
【摘要】：在全球化背景下，由于國與國之間交流的日益頻繁，使發(fā)展中國家逐步認(rèn)識(shí)到了自身同發(fā)達(dá)國家之間的差距，所以，發(fā)展中國家為了盡快趕上發(fā)達(dá)國家，在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等諸多制度上不斷向發(fā)達(dá)國家學(xué)習(xí)，同時(shí)進(jìn)行制度上的借鑒。制度借鑒在發(fā)展中國家也日益受到重視，成為發(fā)展本國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)的有效方式。本文將從以下幾個(gè)方面對發(fā)展中國家的制度借鑒進(jìn)行論述。 第一部分主要論述制度的含義、特點(diǎn)、表現(xiàn)形式和制度借鑒的含義、類型、層次環(huán)節(jié)以及借鑒的可行性，為后文對制度借鑒的論述做鋪墊。制度是以一定社會(huì)的物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)條件為基礎(chǔ)，建立在一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、思想文化狀況之上的相對穩(wěn)定的行為規(guī)范，它能夠約束行為主體的行為使之符合某種要求，進(jìn)而達(dá)到維護(hù)特定社會(huì)秩序的目的。其特點(diǎn)主要表現(xiàn)在制度是主觀性和客觀性的統(tǒng)一、保守性和開放性的統(tǒng)一、懲罰性和激勵(lì)性的統(tǒng)一、普適性和具體性的統(tǒng)一。按其表現(xiàn)形式主要可以分為正式制度和非正式制度；制度借鑒即是某個(gè)制度或者一組制度從其原生地轉(zhuǎn)移到其他環(huán)境并被實(shí)踐的過程，它包括自主型和強(qiáng)制型兩種類型。同時(shí)制度借鑒也涉及到兩個(gè)層次的學(xué)習(xí)，其可行性首先表現(xiàn)在制度的競爭性其次表現(xiàn)在全球化促進(jìn)了人們的交往能力及自身學(xué)習(xí)能力的發(fā)展。 第二部分將著重論述制度借鑒在政治發(fā)展中的原因。作用主要表現(xiàn)在以下三個(gè)方面：一、制度借鑒可以更廣泛的推廣不同政治價(jià)值；二、制度借鑒可以節(jié)省社會(huì)發(fā)展的制度創(chuàng)新成本；三，，制度借鑒可以為發(fā)展中國家的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造一個(gè)良好的國際環(huán)境；背景主要包括以下三方面的內(nèi)容：一、全球化條件下發(fā)達(dá)國家的示范效應(yīng)；二、發(fā)達(dá)國家的推銷；三、人類生活中的共同追求也催生了制度的借鑒。 對發(fā)展中國家進(jìn)行制度借鑒狀況的分析構(gòu)成了本文第三部分的內(nèi)容。文章首先從發(fā)展中國家政治制度的建立開始論述，分析了發(fā)展中國家通過革命和民族解放運(yùn)動(dòng)建立的政體�？傮w來說發(fā)展中國家建立的政治制度主要呈現(xiàn)出以下特點(diǎn)：一、政治體制的多樣性；二、借鑒上的模仿性；三、借鑒過程中的不穩(wěn)定性；四、權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)的集中性。 第四部分主要對發(fā)展中國家在制度借鑒過程中存在的缺陷和應(yīng)該注意的問題進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析。缺陷主要表現(xiàn)在以下三方面：一、制度借鑒不利于政治主體的自發(fā)性和主體性的發(fā)揮；二、制度借鑒可能忽略原有政治發(fā)展模式的限制；三、制度借鑒可能導(dǎo)致政治發(fā)展理性因素的過度放大。應(yīng)該注意的問題主要有以下兩方面：一、處理好制度借鑒與政治文化之間的關(guān)系；二、處理好制度借鑒和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:In the context of globalization and the increasing frequency of exchanges between countries, the developing countries have gradually realized the gap between themselves and the developed countries. Therefore, in order to catch up with the developed countries as soon as possible, the developing countries are in politics, The economy and many other institutions continue to learn from developed countries, and at the same time to learn from the system. Institutional reference has been paid more and more attention to in developing countries and has become an effective way to develop their own politics and economy. This article will discuss the system of developing countries from the following aspects. The first part mainly discusses the meaning of the system, characteristics, forms of expression and the meaning of institutional reference, types, levels of links and the feasibility of reference, which pave the way for the later discussion of institutional reference. The system is a relatively stable code of conduct based on the material production conditions of a certain society and based on certain economic, political, ideological and cultural conditions. It can restrain the behavior of the behavior subject and make it conform to certain requirements. In order to achieve the goal of maintaining a specific social order. Its main characteristics are the unity of subjectivity and objectivity, the unity of conservatism and openness, the unity of punishment and encouragement, the unity of universality and concreteness. According to its manifestation, it can be divided into formal institution and informal institution. Institutional reference is the process of transferring a certain institution or a group of institutions from its original place to other environment and being put into practice, which includes two types: autonomous type and compulsory type. At the same time, institutional reference also involves two levels of learning, the feasibility of which lies first in the competitiveness of institutions and secondly in the globalization that promotes the development of people's communicative ability and their own learning ability. The second part will focus on the reasons of system reference in political development. The main functions are as follows: first, institutional reference can promote different political values more widely; second, institutional reference can save the cost of institutional innovation in social development; Third, institutional reference can create a good international environment for the political and economic development of developing countries. The background mainly includes the following three aspects: first, the demonstration effect of developed countries under the condition of globalization, second, the marketing of developed countries; Third, the common pursuit of human life also gave birth to the institutional reference. The third part of this paper is based on the analysis of the institutional reference of developing countries. This paper first discusses the establishment of political system in developing countries and analyzes the political system established by revolution and national liberation movement in developing countries. Generally speaking, the political system established in the developing countries shows the following characteristics: first, the diversity of the political system; second, the imitation of the reference; third, the instability in the process of reference; fourth, the centralization of the power structure. The fourth part mainly analyzes the defects and problems that should be paid attention to in the process of developing countries' institutional reference. The defects are shown in the following three aspects: first, institutional reference is not conducive to the spontaneity and subjectivity of the political subject; second, institutional reference may ignore the limitations of the original political development model; Third, institutional reference may lead to excessive amplification of rational factors of political development. We should pay attention to the following two aspects: first, deal with the relationship between institutional reference and political culture; second, deal with the relationship between institutional reference and social and economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D033
本文編號(hào)：2366498
[Abstract]:In the context of globalization and the increasing frequency of exchanges between countries, the developing countries have gradually realized the gap between themselves and the developed countries. Therefore, in order to catch up with the developed countries as soon as possible, the developing countries are in politics, The economy and many other institutions continue to learn from developed countries, and at the same time to learn from the system. Institutional reference has been paid more and more attention to in developing countries and has become an effective way to develop their own politics and economy. This article will discuss the system of developing countries from the following aspects. The first part mainly discusses the meaning of the system, characteristics, forms of expression and the meaning of institutional reference, types, levels of links and the feasibility of reference, which pave the way for the later discussion of institutional reference. The system is a relatively stable code of conduct based on the material production conditions of a certain society and based on certain economic, political, ideological and cultural conditions. It can restrain the behavior of the behavior subject and make it conform to certain requirements. In order to achieve the goal of maintaining a specific social order. Its main characteristics are the unity of subjectivity and objectivity, the unity of conservatism and openness, the unity of punishment and encouragement, the unity of universality and concreteness. According to its manifestation, it can be divided into formal institution and informal institution. Institutional reference is the process of transferring a certain institution or a group of institutions from its original place to other environment and being put into practice, which includes two types: autonomous type and compulsory type. At the same time, institutional reference also involves two levels of learning, the feasibility of which lies first in the competitiveness of institutions and secondly in the globalization that promotes the development of people's communicative ability and their own learning ability. The second part will focus on the reasons of system reference in political development. The main functions are as follows: first, institutional reference can promote different political values more widely; second, institutional reference can save the cost of institutional innovation in social development; Third, institutional reference can create a good international environment for the political and economic development of developing countries. The background mainly includes the following three aspects: first, the demonstration effect of developed countries under the condition of globalization, second, the marketing of developed countries; Third, the common pursuit of human life also gave birth to the institutional reference. The third part of this paper is based on the analysis of the institutional reference of developing countries. This paper first discusses the establishment of political system in developing countries and analyzes the political system established by revolution and national liberation movement in developing countries. Generally speaking, the political system established in the developing countries shows the following characteristics: first, the diversity of the political system; second, the imitation of the reference; third, the instability in the process of reference; fourth, the centralization of the power structure. The fourth part mainly analyzes the defects and problems that should be paid attention to in the process of developing countries' institutional reference. The defects are shown in the following three aspects: first, institutional reference is not conducive to the spontaneity and subjectivity of the political subject; second, institutional reference may ignore the limitations of the original political development model; Third, institutional reference may lead to excessive amplification of rational factors of political development. We should pay attention to the following two aspects: first, deal with the relationship between institutional reference and political culture; second, deal with the relationship between institutional reference and social and economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D033
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