【摘要】：公共性是政府的重要屬性,但在傳統(tǒng)公共行政發(fā)展歷程中,公共性一直受到忽視和冷落。探究政府公共性的源泉與價值,剖析其存在的難題,并提出相應的對策和路徑,對政府更好地體現(xiàn)服務職能、實現(xiàn)公共利益具有重要意義。人民主權(quán)論從根本上確證了政府公共性,成為其理論淵源,納稅于民為政府公共性提供了現(xiàn)實之基,公民的賦稅成為政府開展活動、履行職能的重要物質(zhì)保障。政府公共性具有重要的價值,它是政府合法性的基礎(chǔ)、政府倫理性的歸宿、政府工具性的指向。但在實現(xiàn)過程中,政府公共性也面臨著難題,這既有理念上的偏差,又有實際中難以克服的客觀因素,這些難題包括“公共人”角色受到挑戰(zhàn)、效率至上對公共性的偏離、擴張自利性對公共性的沖擊、公共性限度難以界定等四個方面。實現(xiàn)政府的公共性,首先要做到公開性,即做到政府職位的公開性、政府信息的公開性、公職人員財產(chǎn)收入的公開性,這種公開性保證了社會的公平正義,保證了公民享有充分的知情權(quán)和信息權(quán),在與政府的博弈中實現(xiàn)平等性和獨立性。其次,要通過公共精神的培育和熏陶來實現(xiàn)公共性,使公職人員擁有崇高的信仰和堅定的信念,公共精神主要包括服務精神、契約精神、公平正義精神、法治精神、民主精神。再次,以積極的對話實現(xiàn)公共性,摒棄獨白式的政民關(guān)系,通過理性的交流、論辯和妥協(xié)形成公共意見,實現(xiàn)順暢的互通渠道。第四,在公共物品多元供給中實現(xiàn)公共性,引入市場機制和非營利組織提供和生產(chǎn)公共物品,發(fā)揮三者的優(yōu)勢,彌補劣勢,實現(xiàn)公共物品的有效供給,滿足公眾的不同需求。
[Abstract]:Publicity is an important attribute of government, but it has been neglected and neglected in the development of traditional public administration. It is of great significance for the government to better embody the service function and realize the public interest by probing into the source and value of the publicity of government, analyzing the problems existing in it, and putting forward the corresponding countermeasures and paths. The theory of people's sovereignty confirms the public nature of the government and becomes its theoretical origin. Paying taxes on the people provides a realistic foundation for the publicity of the government, and the taxation of citizens becomes an important material guarantee for the government to carry out its activities and perform its functions. Government publicity has important value. It is the foundation of government legitimacy, the destination of government ethics, and the direction of government tool. However, in the process of realization, the government's publicity also faces a difficult problem, which is not only the deviation of the concept, but also the objective factors which are difficult to overcome in practice. These difficulties include the challenge to the role of "public man", the deviation of efficiency from the publicity. Expansion of self-interest impact on the public, the limits of publicity is difficult to define four aspects. In order to realize the publicity of the government, we must first achieve the openness, that is, the openness of the government position, the openness of the government information, the openness of the property income of the public servants, which guarantees the fairness and justice of the society. It guarantees citizens the right to know and the right to information, and realizes equality and independence in the game with the government. Secondly, the public spirit should be cultivated and nurtured to realize the public nature and make the public officials have lofty belief and firm belief. The public spirit mainly includes the spirit of service, the spirit of contract, the spirit of fairness and justice, the spirit of rule of law, and the spirit of democracy. Thirdly, we should realize the publicity by positive dialogue, abandon the monologue relationship between the government and the people, form the public opinion through rational communication, debate and compromise, and realize the smooth communication channel. Fourth, in the multi-supply of public goods to achieve publicity, the introduction of market mechanisms and non-profit organizations to provide and produce public goods, give play to the advantages of the three, make up for weaknesses, realize the effective supply of public goods, meet the different needs of the public.
【學位授予單位】：福建師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D035

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