【摘要】： 19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初,西方的各種思潮紛紛進(jìn)入中國(guó),許多探索救國(guó)的先進(jìn)學(xué)者開始接受西方的思想,并且廣泛傳播。從器物文明到政治文明,在看到強(qiáng)大的西方擁有先進(jìn)的科技和政治水平的同時(shí),國(guó)人開始意識(shí)到要想改變中國(guó)落后的局面,必須從政治制度上入手。改良派思想家們就是其中的先驅(qū),康有為、梁?jiǎn)⒊�、�?yán)復(fù)都是改良派思想家的先驅(qū),他們把“天賦人權(quán)”、“社會(huì)契約”、自由”、“平等”等觀念介紹到中國(guó)。這些思想啟蒙了國(guó)人的思想。其中梁?jiǎn)⒊乃枷胱顬榫哂写硇?從戊戌變法直到20世紀(jì)二三十年代,他的思想從各個(gè)方面影響著近代化的歷程。本文主要研究他的國(guó)家思想,戊戌變法失敗后,他流亡日本,深受資產(chǎn)階級(jí)啟蒙思想的影響、啟迪,逐漸形成了他特有的近代國(guó)家觀念。 本文主要從特定的歷史背景入手,分析在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化和西方近代思想影響下,梁?jiǎn)⒊瑢?duì)中西學(xué)術(shù)的融合和闡發(fā),以及他的國(guó)家觀念的內(nèi)涵,主要闡述梁?jiǎn)⒊哂刑厣拿駲?quán)思想、新民思想和憲政觀念,以及他意圖構(gòu)建一個(gè)什么樣的國(guó)家。本文認(rèn)為,梁?jiǎn)⒊诒臼兰o(jì)初之所以能提出新民學(xué)說(shuō),主要是他流亡日本期間,受到以盧梭、伯倫知理等資產(chǎn)階級(jí)啟蒙思想家們的學(xué)說(shuō)尤其是近代國(guó)家觀的啟發(fā),認(rèn)識(shí)到了“國(guó)民”在國(guó)家中的主體地位。可以說(shuō),資產(chǎn)階級(jí)近代國(guó)家觀和中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化是形成梁?jiǎn)⒊瑖?guó)家觀的重要理論依據(jù)。本文擬就梁?jiǎn)⒊慕鷩?guó)家觀作一系統(tǒng)和全面的探討,并對(duì)他的思想進(jìn)行淺顯的評(píng)析,以及探索他的思想對(duì)現(xiàn)代思想的積極意義。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, all kinds of western thoughts came into China one after another, and many advanced scholars began to accept the idea of saving the country and spread it widely. From the weapon civilization to the political civilization, while seeing that the powerful West has advanced science and technology and political level, Chinese people begin to realize that to change the backward situation of China, we must start from the political system. The reformist thinkers are the pioneers, Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao and Yan Fu are the pioneers of the reformist thinkers. They introduce to China the concepts of "human rights by nature", "social contract", "freedom", "equality" and so on. These thoughts enlighten the Chinese people. Liang Qichao's thought is the most representative, from the Reform Movement of 1898 to the twenties and thirties of the 20th century, his thought influences the process of modernization from various aspects. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, he went into exile in Japan, deeply influenced by bourgeois enlightenment, and gradually formed his unique modern concept of state. Under the influence of Chinese traditional culture and western modern thought, Liang Qichao's integration and interpretation of Chinese and Western learning, as well as the connotation of his national concept, are analyzed in this paper from the specific historical background. This paper mainly expounds Liang Qichao's characteristic thoughts of civil rights, new people and constitutionalism, and what kind of country he intends to build. This paper holds that Liang Qichao was able to put forward the New people's Theory at the beginning of this century mainly because during his exile in Japan, he was inspired by the doctrines of bourgeois enlightenment thinkers such as Rousseau, Bologne and so on, especially the modern concept of state. Recognized the "national" in the main position of the country. It can be said that bourgeois modern state view and Chinese traditional culture are the important theoretical basis for forming Liang Qichao's state view. This paper intends to make a systematic and comprehensive discussion on Liang Qichao's views on the modern state, and to make a simple analysis of his thoughts, as well as to explore the positive significance of his thoughts to modern thought.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D092

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 敖福軍;梁?jiǎn)⒊褡鍑?guó)家思想研究[D];中央民族大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 姜炎炎;梁?jiǎn)⒊叭骸币曇跋碌拿褡褰▏?guó)思想研究[D];云南大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2236091