【摘要】：理性和非理性是影響人行為的兩種基本精神要素，從古至今都受到理論家的高度重視。政治決策既是一個(gè)理性化的過(guò)程，同時(shí)非理性因素也在其中起著重要的作用。政治決策中的非理性行為是人在非理性因素消極作用的影響之下產(chǎn)生的。研究政治決策中個(gè)體非理性行為和群體非理性行為，抑制非理性行為在政治決策中的消極影響，發(fā)揮非理性因素的積極作用，是政治理論研究的一個(gè)重要課題。 本文首先對(duì)非理性行為進(jìn)行了一般性的概述，包括非理性行為的含義和特征，以及理性和非理性之間的關(guān)系。在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了非理性行為對(duì)政治決策的積極和消極影響。其次，本文重點(diǎn)探討了政治決策中的個(gè)體非理性行為和群體非理性行為的現(xiàn)象及作用。個(gè)體非理性行為主要包括：在一種特殊管理模式——克里斯瑪管理模式下領(lǐng)袖的非理性行為；心理盲區(qū)引發(fā)政治決策中的非理性行為，比如“暈輪效應(yīng)”、“惰性心理”“經(jīng)驗(yàn)情節(jié)”等引發(fā)的非理性行為；人格扭曲和人格障礙導(dǎo)致的非理性行為。關(guān)于群體決策中的非理性行為，本文主要探討了群體的極化現(xiàn)象、利益沖突下群體的非理性決策、群體的政治素養(yǎng)不足造成的非理性決策等。在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)之下，，個(gè)體政治決策和群體政治決策，因決策主體對(duì)于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的認(rèn)知程度不同、對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)偏好的不同，二者均可能產(chǎn)生政治決策的非理性行為。 針對(duì)各種政治決策中的非理性行為，本文探討一些調(diào)控的方法，以便達(dá)到正確決策的目的。一是要發(fā)揮政治決策中非理性因素的動(dòng)力功能；二是通過(guò)提升素質(zhì)，走出心里盲區(qū)，發(fā)揮群體的整合力等，克服非理性行為的消極影響；三是從決策程序、決策評(píng)估和決策監(jiān)督等方面加強(qiáng)政治決策的合理性和科學(xué)性。
[Abstract]:Rationality and irrationality are two basic spiritual factors that influence human behavior, which have been highly valued by theorists since ancient times. Political decision-making is not only a rational process, but also plays an important role in it. The irrational behavior in political decision-making is produced under the negative influence of irrational factors. It is an important subject in political theory research to study individual irrational behavior and group irrational behavior in political decision-making, restrain the negative influence of irrational behavior in political decision-making, and play an active role in irrational factors. This paper first gives a general overview of irrational behavior, including the meaning and characteristics of irrational behavior, and the relationship between rationality and irrationality. On this basis, the positive and negative influence of irrational behavior on political decision is analyzed. Secondly, this paper focuses on the phenomenon and function of individual irrational behavior and group irrational behavior in political decision-making. The individual irrational behavior mainly includes: the leader's irrational behavior under a special management mode, the Kristma management mode, the irrational behavior in the political decision-making caused by the mental blind zone, such as the "halo effect", The irrational behavior caused by "lazy psychology" and "experiential plot"; the irrational behavior caused by personality distortion and personality disorder. With regard to the irrational behavior in group decision-making, this paper mainly discusses the phenomenon of group polarization, the irrational decision of group under the conflict of interests, and the irrational decision caused by the lack of political literacy of group, etc. Under the state of risk, both individual political decision and group political decision may produce irrational behavior of political decision because of different cognition of risk and different risk preference. In view of irrational behavior in various political decisions, this paper discusses some methods of regulation and control in order to achieve the purpose of correct decision making. One is to give full play to the power function of non-rational factors in political decision-making; the other is to overcome the negative influence of irrational behavior by improving quality, going out of the blind zone of the mind, giving play to the group's integration power, and third, from the decision-making process, To strengthen the rationality and scientific nature of political decision-making in the aspects of decision-making evaluation and decision-making supervision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D0

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