本文選題：公權(quán)力配置資源 + 貪欲�。� 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：腐敗存在于人類(lèi)社會(huì)已不下數(shù)十個(gè)世紀(jì)。自從產(chǎn)生剩余財(cái)產(chǎn)和私有制,自從產(chǎn)生階級(jí)和國(guó)家,自從出現(xiàn)資源的過(guò)剩與稀缺,自從公權(quán)力參與資源配置,腐敗就跟著產(chǎn)生了。 反腐敗目前已成為世界各國(guó)和全世界人民群眾都致力推動(dòng)的一項(xiàng)重要工作。世界各國(guó)反腐敗的做法主要包括：1、設(shè)立專門(mén)的反腐敗監(jiān)督監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)；2、廉政立法和反腐敗立法；3、財(cái)務(wù)審計(jì)監(jiān)督制度；4、“透明”制度和“陽(yáng)光”法案；5、對(duì)“金錢(qián)政治”的限制措施；6、嚴(yán)格對(duì)官員的選任和管理；7、充分發(fā)揮新聞監(jiān)督的作用；8、開(kāi)展聲勢(shì)浩大的反腐敗運(yùn)動(dòng)；9、開(kāi)展國(guó)際間反腐敗協(xié)作,等等。民間反腐敗機(jī)構(gòu)中影響力較大、組織較嚴(yán)密、工作常態(tài)化的當(dāng)屬“透明國(guó)際”(Transparency International)。“透明國(guó)際”以CPI(清廉指數(shù))和BPI(行賄指數(shù))構(gòu)成的腐敗指數(shù)來(lái)評(píng)估衡量世界各國(guó)和地區(qū)的腐敗狀況,它的研究結(jié)果經(jīng)常被其他權(quán)威國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)反復(fù)引用。 然而,盡管反腐敗是人類(lèi)社會(huì)自古以來(lái)的共同選擇,對(duì)反腐敗的理論研究卻始終鮮有人專注,更無(wú)意尋求普遍適用的理論,因此,很少形成系統(tǒng)的或有代表性的反腐敗理論�？梢哉f(shuō),至今為止關(guān)于反腐敗的研究,主要依附于各種政治學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)等理論的研究之上,還沒(méi)有形成獨(dú)立的反腐敗理論體系。 國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有反腐敗理論主要有三種：1、高薪養(yǎng)廉。是主張對(duì)國(guó)家公職人員實(shí)行高薪制來(lái)保證其廉潔奉公行為的理論。2、清廉為政。又稱“廉價(jià)政府”,是一種主張以低薪制度和良好的道德準(zhǔn)則,規(guī)范公職人員的行為,倡導(dǎo)清明廉政之風(fēng)的理論。3、權(quán)力制約。權(quán)力制約是一種主張用權(quán)力制約來(lái)保證國(guó)家公職人員廉潔奉公、防止腐敗行為的理論。上述三種理論實(shí)際上是世界上三種主要的反腐敗模式,分別適應(yīng)于不同社會(huì)制度和國(guó)情。這三種理論離建立普遍適應(yīng)的反腐敗理論還有相當(dāng)大的差距。而隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和反腐敗國(guó)際化趨勢(shì)日益形成,建立普遍適應(yīng)的反腐敗基礎(chǔ)理論顯得十分迫切。 本文以馬克思主義基本原理為指導(dǎo),從對(duì)“合理配置資源”的討論入手,將腐敗界定為通過(guò)在公權(quán)力配置資源中濫用職權(quán),獲取不正當(dāng)利益、損害社會(huì)正當(dāng)利益的現(xiàn)象,并分析了在公權(quán)力配置資源中謀取不正當(dāng)利益、損害社會(huì)正當(dāng)利益而產(chǎn)生腐敗的土壤,即人的貪欲是產(chǎn)生腐敗的主觀因素,利益博弈和社會(huì)缺陷是產(chǎn)生腐敗的客觀因素。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出了“預(yù)防腐敗原理”,即預(yù)防腐敗就是通過(guò)抑制貪欲、平衡利益、制衡公權(quán)、健全法治,使在公權(quán)力配置資源中實(shí)現(xiàn)正當(dāng)利益最大化和不正當(dāng)利益最小化。圍繞這一原理,本文詳細(xì)討論了公權(quán)力配置資源、貪欲、利益博弈、社會(huì)缺陷等預(yù)防腐敗的基礎(chǔ)問(wèn)題,特別是深入探討了資源增值的本質(zhì),揭示了公權(quán)力本身是一種“增值要素資源”,從而為建立反腐敗學(xué)進(jìn)一步提供了基礎(chǔ)理論支撐。同時(shí),詳細(xì)討論了從源頭上預(yù)防腐敗的四個(gè)要點(diǎn),即抑制貪欲、平衡利益、制衡公權(quán)、健全法治,為預(yù)防腐敗提供了有效的路徑。最后,本文運(yùn)用預(yù)防腐敗理論系統(tǒng)地闡述了我國(guó)實(shí)施的預(yù)防腐敗戰(zhàn)略,并就一些具體問(wèn)題提出了自己的見(jiàn)解。
[Abstract]:Corruption exists in the human society for no more than ten centuries. Since the generation of surplus property and private ownership, since the emergence of class and state, since the emergence of the surplus and scarcity of resources, corruption has come into being since the participation of public power in the allocation of resources.
Anti corruption has now become an important work for all the world and the people of the world. The anti corruption practices of the world include: 1, set up special anti-corruption supervision and supervision institutions; 2, the legislation of honest and clean government and anti-corruption legislation; 3, financial audit supervision system; 4, "transparent" system and "sunshine" act; 5, Measures to restrict "money politics"; 6, select and manage the officials strictly; 7, give full play to the role of the news supervision; 8, carry out a great anti corruption movement; 9, carry out international anti-corruption cooperation, and so on. The civil anti corruption organizations are more influential, more rigorous, and the work normalization is the "transparent international" (Tran Sparency International). "Transparency International" evaluates corruption in countries and regions of the world by the corruption index made up of CPI (clean index) and BPI (bribe index), and its research results are often cited repeatedly by other authoritative international agencies.
However, although anti corruption is the common choice of human society since ancient times, the theoretical research on anti-corruption has always been rarely focused, and it has no intention to seek universal applicable theory. Therefore, there is little systematic or representative anti-corruption theory. On the basis of theoretical studies of economics and sociology, no independent anti-corruption theoretical system has yet been formed.
There are three main theories of anti-corruption at home and abroad: 1, high salary and good health. It is a theoretical.2 that advocates high pay system for public officials to ensure their integrity and integrity. It is an honest and honest government. It is also called "cheap government". It is a kind of behavior that advocates low pay system and good moral standards, rules the behavior of public officials, and advocates clean and clean government. Theory.3, power restriction. Power restriction is a theory that advocates the use of power to guarantee the integrity of public officials and prevent corruption. The above three theories are in fact three main anti corruption modes in the world and are respectively adapted to different social systems and national conditions. These three theories are isolated from the universally adapted anti-corruption theory. There is still a considerable gap. With the globalization of economy and the trend of anti-corruption internationalization, it is very urgent to establish a universally adapted basic theory of anti-corruption.
Guided by the basic principle of Marx's doctrine, this paper, starting with the discussion of "rational allocation of resources", defines corruption as a phenomenon of obtaining unfair interests and damaging the legitimate interests of society through the abuse of power in the allocation of resources in public power, and analyses the illegal interests in the allocation of public power and the damage to the legitimate interests of the society. The corrupt soil, that is, human greed is the subjective factor of corruption, interest game and social defect are the objective factors of corruption. On the basis of this, this paper puts forward the principle of "preventing corruption", that is to prevent corruption by restraining greed, balancing interests, balancing public power, perfecting the rule of law, so that the allocation of resources in public power is true. According to this principle, this paper discusses in detail the basic problems of the prevention of corruption, such as the allocation of resources, greed, interest game and social defects, especially the essence of resource appreciation, and reveals that public power itself is a "value-added element resource", and thus is to establish the opposite. The study of corruption further provides basic theoretical support. At the same time, it discusses four key points to prevent corruption from the source, namely, to suppress greediness, balance interests, balance public rights, improve the rule of law, and provide an effective way to prevent corruption. Finally, this paper systematically expounds the prevention of corruption strategy implemented in China by means of the theory of corruption prevention, and Some specific questions put forward their own views.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D035;D630.9

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本文編號(hào)：2116528