本文選題：高茲 + 政治生態(tài)學�。� 參考：《上海師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：安德烈·高茲(Andre Gorz)既是存在主義馬克思主義的重要代表人物,同時也是生態(tài)學馬克思主義的重要理論家之一,是當代法國著名的左翼思想家,他的政治生態(tài)學思想對當代生態(tài)學馬克思主義的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。他從政治生態(tài)學的角度對當代資本主義制度進行深刻地批判,認為現(xiàn)代社會中出現(xiàn)的生態(tài)危機、自然危機是資本主義生產(chǎn)方式的不當導致的。在社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的過程中,應該用資本主義生態(tài)理性來取代資本主義經(jīng)濟理性,并認為保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的最佳選擇是“先進社會主義”。高茲把生態(tài)學與政治、經(jīng)濟、文化等因素結(jié)合起來,形成了政治生態(tài)學思想。其政治生態(tài)學思想受著名思想家薩特的影響最大,薩特存在主義、存在主義馬克思主義是高茲政治生態(tài)學思想形成的重要來源。與此同時,馬克思主義特別是馬克思主義的政治經(jīng)濟學和生態(tài)自然觀思想,列斐伏爾、馬爾庫塞和哈貝馬斯的思想,以及奧康納、布克金等生態(tài)學馬克思主義者的思想都對高茲的政治生態(tài)學思想的形成有著重要影響。本文對高茲的政治生態(tài)學思想進行了梳理、分析和研究。從對資本主義經(jīng)濟理性的批判開始,高茲認為正是由于現(xiàn)存的社會制度奉行的是經(jīng)濟理性,才使得生態(tài)環(huán)境逐漸開始惡化。認為要緩解當前的生態(tài)危機,應該在生態(tài)理性的指導下進行生態(tài)重建,但由于資本主義社會本身的局限性,未能承擔起生態(tài)重建的任務,所以高茲認為進行生態(tài)重建的最佳選擇是“先進社會主義”。從對現(xiàn)實存在問題的批判角度,高茲提出建設(shè)先進社會主義制度的設(shè)想,并提出了從現(xiàn)實社會到未來先進社會主義轉(zhuǎn)型和變革的策略,這在一定意義上也豐富了馬克思主義的生態(tài)學思想�；诖�,高茲提出了“分散型技術(shù)”的政治選擇,“更少的生產(chǎn),更好的生活”的生產(chǎn)和生活方式,消除付薪勞動模式等關(guān)于“先進社會主義”的相關(guān)設(shè)想。從與其他學者的思想進行比較看,我認為高茲的政治生態(tài)學思想在研究方法、階級立場、實踐路徑等的選擇上有更好的理論價值和現(xiàn)實意義。從“先進社會主義”設(shè)想和實現(xiàn)路徑看,高茲政治生態(tài)學思想對我國社會主義生態(tài)文明建設(shè)有可借鑒的價值和意義。
[Abstract]:Andre Gorz is not only an important representative of existentialist Marxism, but also one of the important theorists of ecological Marxism, and a famous left-wing thinker in contemporary France. His political ecology thought had a great influence on the development of contemporary ecology Marxism. He criticizes the contemporary capitalist system from the angle of political ecology, and thinks that the ecological crisis in modern society and the natural crisis are caused by improper capitalist production mode. In the process of social and economic development, capitalist ecological rationality should be used to replace capitalist economic rationality, and the best choice to protect ecological environment is "advanced socialism". Goz combines ecology with political, economic and cultural factors and forms political ecological thought. His thought of political ecology is most influenced by the famous thinker Sartre. Sartre's existentialism and existentialism Marxism are the important sources of the formation of Goz's thought of political ecology. At the same time, Marxism, especially Marxist political economy and ecological view of nature, Lefeivoll, Marcuse and Habermas, and O'Connor, The thoughts of ecological Marxists such as Bookkin have an important influence on the formation of Goz's thought of political ecology. This article combs, analyzes and studies the political ecology thought of Goz. From the critique of capitalist economic rationality, Goz believes that it is because the existing social system pursues economic rationality that the ecological environment begins to deteriorate gradually. In order to alleviate the current ecological crisis, ecological reconstruction should be carried out under the guidance of ecological rationality. However, due to the limitations of capitalist society itself, it is unable to undertake the task of ecological reconstruction. So Goz believes that the best option for ecological reconstruction is advanced socialism. From the point of view of criticizing the existing problems in reality, Gao Zi put forward the idea of constructing advanced socialist system, and put forward the strategy of transforming and reforming from the realistic society to the future advanced socialism. This also enriches the ecological thought of Marxism in a certain sense. Based on this, Goz put forward the political choice of "decentralized technology", the production and life style of "less production, better life", and the elimination of paid labor model and other related ideas about "advanced socialism". From the comparison with other scholars, I think that Goz's political ecology thought has better theoretical value and practical significance in the choice of research methods, class stand and practice path. From the perspective of "Advanced Socialism" assumption and realization path, Goz's political ecology thought can be used for reference in the construction of socialist ecological civilization in China.
【學位授予單位】：上海師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D0

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