本文選題：現(xiàn)代性 + 自由�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自由主義是20世紀(jì)以來中國最主要的社會(huì)思潮之一,在中國的現(xiàn)代化過程中扮演過重要角色,尤其是當(dāng)前強(qiáng)調(diào)以社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系引領(lǐng)社會(huì)思潮背景下,對自由主義的研究具有特別重要的意義。本論文以現(xiàn)代性為視角,在梳理了西方自由主義的歷史源流、基本內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上,具體分析了中國自由主義思潮的發(fā)展歷程,并試圖對其進(jìn)行理解和實(shí)事求是的評價(jià)。文中對自由主義的現(xiàn)代性解讀,主要是對其與現(xiàn)代化關(guān)系的探究�？陀^而論,中國的自由主義者是中國社會(huì)的精英群體,他們的思想體系包含著具有符合歷史價(jià)值和時(shí)代精神的合理內(nèi)容。我們研究中國的自由主義,不僅要批判,也要繼承：自由主義抗拒專制、極權(quán)、暴力,崇尚自由、民主、人權(quán)、法治、理性,這些在客觀上有助于中國的現(xiàn)代化,也可以成為今天中國特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的有用資源。對此,抱簡單否定的態(tài)度不是歷史唯物主義的基本態(tài)度。特別是在愛國主義旗幟下,自由主義與社會(huì)主義并不相互排斥,而是可以互補(bǔ)和會(huì)通的,很多話語和理念值得重新認(rèn)識(shí),并使之發(fā)揮新的功用。因此,我們應(yīng)理性分析和對待自由主義,以利于多元現(xiàn)代化社會(huì)的構(gòu)建。 論文主體為五個(gè)部分,第一部分緒論介紹了選題的背景和意義,綜述了研究的現(xiàn)狀,解釋了研究涉及的主要概念：現(xiàn)代性、自由,最后交代了研究思路和視角等。 第二部分,現(xiàn)代性與西方自由主義。探究了西方自由主義的現(xiàn)代性起源,追溯了西方自由主義從古典自由主義到現(xiàn)代自由主義的發(fā)展歷程,并總結(jié)出自由主義的基本內(nèi)涵。 第三部分,近代中國自由主義。主要介紹近代中國自由主義代表人物的典型思想,分別是嚴(yán)復(fù)的自由思想、胡適的實(shí)用主義、張君勱的憲政思想、張東蓀的“社會(huì)主義”、羅隆基的人權(quán)及顧準(zhǔn)的民主思想等。 第四部分,當(dāng)代中國自由主義。敘述了改革開放后,自由主義再次復(fù)活,其在80年代具有典型的激進(jìn)特征,它以各種理論形式挑起一系列思想文化事件和社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng),其中有人道主義運(yùn)動(dòng)、新啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)、政治自由化運(yùn)動(dòng),進(jìn)入90年代伴隨著市場化改革,自由主義趨向保守,并得以公開舉旗言說。 第五部分,自由主義與中國的現(xiàn)代化。此部分對自由主義在中國現(xiàn)代化中的價(jià)值作用作了集中分析,分別從自由主義與中國現(xiàn)代民族國家的建立、民主政治的實(shí)現(xiàn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化和文化現(xiàn)代化幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行說明。 第六部分,最后小結(jié),我們應(yīng)該全面認(rèn)識(shí)和正確對待自由主義。
[Abstract]:Liberalism, one of the most important social trends in China since the 20th century, has played an important role in China's modernization process, especially in the context of the current emphasis on leading the social trend of thought with the socialist core value system. The study of liberalism is of particular significance. On the basis of combing the historical origin and basic connotation of western liberalism, this paper analyzes the development course of Chinese liberalism and tries to understand and evaluate it from the perspective of modernity. In this paper, the modern interpretation of liberalism, mainly to explore the relationship between it and modernization. Objectively speaking, Chinese liberals are the elite group of Chinese society, and their ideological system contains reasonable contents which accord with the historical value and the spirit of the times. To study Chinese liberalism, we must not only criticize, but also inherit: liberalism resists autocracy, totalitarianism, violence, freedom, democracy, human rights, the rule of law, rationality, which objectively contributes to China's modernization. It can also be a useful resource for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics today. To this, the attitude of simple negation is not the basic attitude of historical materialism. Especially under the banner of patriotism, liberalism and socialism are not mutually exclusive, but can complement each other. Therefore, we should rationally analyze and treat liberalism in order to help the construction of pluralistic modern society. The first part introduces the background and significance of the topic, summarizes the status quo of the research, explains the main concepts involved in the study: modernity, freedom, and finally explains the research ideas and perspectives. The second part, modernity and western liberalism. This paper probes into the modernity origin of western liberalism, traces the development of western liberalism from classical liberalism to modern liberalism, and sums up the basic connotation of liberalism. The third part, modern Chinese liberalism. This paper mainly introduces the typical thoughts of the representative figures of liberalism in modern China, such as Yan Fu's freedom thought, Hu Shi's pragmatism, Zhang Junmai's constitutional thought, Zhang Dongsun's "socialism", Luo Longji's human rights and Gu Zhun's democratic thought and so on. The fourth part, contemporary Chinese liberalism. After the reform and opening up, liberalism is revived again. It has typical radical characteristics in the 1980s. It provokes a series of ideological and cultural events and social movements in various theoretical forms, including the humanitarian movement and the New Enlightenment Movement. The political liberalization movement, with the market reform in the 1990s, liberalism tends to be conservative, and can speak openly. The fifth part, liberalism and China's modernization. This part focuses on the value function of liberalism in China's modernization, and explains it from the aspects of liberalism and the establishment of China's modern nation-state, the realization of democratic politics, the modernization of economy and the modernization of culture. The sixth part, the final summary, we should fully understand and correctly deal with liberalism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D092

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