發(fā)布時間：2018-04-30 16:52

  本文選題：意大利裔美國人 + 多元文化主義�。� 參考：《世界民族》2016年03期

【摘要】：在美國歷史上,意大利移民族群的同化與認同歷程可謂一波三折。早期由于移民數(shù)量有限與移入國的接納,意大利人相對順利地融入美國主流社會之中;到19世紀末20世紀初,遭受美國社會拒斥導致同化受阻;一戰(zhàn)時的戰(zhàn)時特需促使意大利移民在融入的道路上邁出了一大步。隨后意大利移民作為族裔群體在美國逐漸淡出人們的視野;二戰(zhàn)中意大利移民積極參戰(zhàn),實現(xiàn)與美國主流社會的合流,導致其作為族裔群體逐漸被人遺忘,自身也失去了族群身份訴求意識。20世紀五、六十年代,美國民權(quán)運動興起,多元文化主義隨之而來,美國歷史上諸多本已同化的移民族群的自我認同意識再次覺醒,其中意大利族群認同的復歸尤為典型。這種族群意識的復興,不但是多元文化主義的產(chǎn)物,也在事實上推動了美國社會的多元化進程。與此同時,美國社會再啟對"同質(zhì)性"的反思,并探尋美國重新整合的凝聚力。
[Abstract]:In American history, the process of assimilation and identification of Italian immigrants can be described as a series of twists and turns. In the early years, due to the limited number of immigrants and the acceptance of the countries of immigration, the Italians were relatively smoothly integrated into the mainstream society of the United States, and at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the rejection of the American society led to the obstruction of assimilation. The wartime needs of World War I prompted Italian immigrants to take a big step on the road to integration. Then, as an ethnic group, the Italian immigrants gradually faded out of sight in the United States. During World War II, the Italian immigrants took an active part in the war and realized their integration with the mainstream American society, resulting in their being gradually forgotten as an ethnic group. In the 1950s and 1960s, with the rise of the American civil rights movement, multiculturalism followed, and the consciousness of self-identity of many assimilated immigrant groups in American history was awakened again. Among them, the return of Italian ethnic identity is particularly typical. This revival of ethnic consciousness is not only the product of multiculturalism, but also promotes the pluralistic process of American society. At the same time, American society reconsiders homogeneity and explores the cohesion of American reintegration.
【作者單位】： 東北師范大學歷史文化學院美國研究所;
【分類號】：C95

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